The estimated cost of deploying a ubiquitous broadband network in the United States ranges from $1,000 to $2,000 per business and residential access line depending on how much fiber and associated optoelectronics is deployed in telephone company feeder plant. See, for example, Egan, Bruce L. 1994. "Building Value Through Telecommunications: Regulatory Roadblocks on the Information Superhighway," Telecommunications Policy 18(8):580–583.