Items in cart [0]
| [ Top of Page ] [ Home ] [ Contact Us ] [ Help ] [ The National Academies Home ] | ||
Below are the first 10 and last 10 pages of uncorrected machine-read text (when available) of this chapter, followed by the top 30 algorithmically extracted key phrases from the chapter as a whole.
Intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text on the opening pages of each chapter.
Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.
Do not use for reproduction, copying, pasting, or reading; exclusively for search engines.
OCR for page R1
i
NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was
approved by the Governing Board of the National Research
Council, whose members are drawn from the Councils of the
National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of
Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of
the Committee responsible for the report were chosen for
their special competences and with regard for appropriate
balance.
This report has been reviewed by a group other than the
authors according to procedures approved by a Report Review
Committee consisting of members of the National Academy of
Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute
of Medicine.
The National Research Council was established by the National
Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community
of science and technology with the Academy's purposes of
furthering knowledge and of advising the federal government.
The Council operates in accordance with general policies
determined by the Academy under the authority of its
congressional charter of 1863, which establishes the Academy
as a private, nonprofit, self-governing agency of both the
National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of
Engineering in the conduct of their services to the government,
the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. It
is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of
Medicine. The National Academy of Engineering and the Institute
of Medicine were established in 1964 and 1970, respectively,
under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences.
Available in limited number from
Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics,
and Resources
2101 Constitution Avenue
Washington, D. C. 20418
OCR for page R2
ii
COMMITTEE ON BALLISTIC ACOUSTICS
Norman F. Ramsey, Harvard University, Clan
Luis W. Alvarez, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University
of California
Herman Chernoff, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Robert H. Dicke, Princeton University
Jerome I. Elkind, Xerox Palo Alto Research Center
John C. Feggeler, Bell Telephone Laboratories, Holmdel,
New Jersey
Richard L. Garwin, Thomas J. Watson Research Center,
IBM Corporation~and Adjunct Professor of Physics, Columbia
University
Paul Horowitz, Harvard University
_ Alfred Johnson, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms,
National Laboratory Center, Department of the Treasury
Robert A. Phinney, Princeton University
-Charles Rader, Lincoin Laboratory, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology
F. Williams Sari es, Trisolar Corporation, Bedford,
Massachusetts
(The views expressed in this report do not necessarily represent
those of the home institutions of the participants.)
Sta``
C. K. Reed, Senior Advisor, Commission on Physical
Sciences, Mathematics, and Resources
Bertita E. Compton, Special Assistant, Commission on
Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Resources
OCR for page R3
· ~ ~
111
TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY . . .
I.
II.
III. EVALUATION OF BRSW AND WA METHODOLOGIES AND CONCLUSIONS
IV. TIMING EVIDENCE FROM MATCHING FEATURES . . . . .
IV-1. Sound Spectrograms . . . . . . . . . . .
IV-2. Analysis of Sound Spectrograms of "Hold Everything"
IV-3. Timing of Channel I and Channel II Events
IV-4. Possibility of Superposed Recordings
V. EVALUATION OF THE FBI REPORT . . . . . .
VI. POSSIBLE FURTHER STUDIES . . . . . . . .
VII. CONCLUSIONS e e ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ e e ~ ~ e e e ~ e ~ e
APPENDIXES
APPENDIX A: CRITICISMS OF PROBABILITY CALCULATIONS
PAGE
INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW . .
DESCRIPTION OF STUDIES BY BRSW AD WA ....
· · —
A-1. Criticism of BRSW Probabilities of 0.88, 0.88, 0.50
and 0.75 . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~ . . . . . e
A-2. Criticism of BRSW Certainty that Microphone Detected
Sound of Clm f ; rat
· · ~
A-3. Criticism of BRSW/WA Probability of 0.95 for Shot from
Grassy Knoll . . e ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ e ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ e ~ ~ ~ ~
· ~
12
18
20
23
27
30
32
33
34
35
35
35
37
38
APPENDIX B: ANALYSES OF SOUND SPECTROGRAMS OF "HOLD EVERYTHING..." . . 41
B-1. Time and Frequency Analysis e
B-2. Measurements of Easily Identified Frequency Ratios on
Sound Spectrograms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B-3. Alternative Time and Frequency Analyses of Sound
Spectrograms . e ~ e ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ e
e ~ ~
41
49
52
B-4. Digital Calculations of Cross Correlation Between
Channel I and Channel II . . . . . . . e e e ~ ~ 57
OCR for page R4
1V
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(CONTINUED)
APPENDIX C:
TIMING OF CHANNEL I AD II EVENTS .
C-1. Analysis of the Bowles Tapes
C-2. Analysis of Tapes Made Directly from Original Records
APPENDIX D: POSSIBILITY OF SUPERPOSED RECORDINGS
APPENDIX E: SIREN SOUNDS .
APPENDIX F: POSSIBLE FURTHER STUDIES
REFERENCES
PAGE
60
60
67
81
89
92
96