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T HE NAT I O NAL ACAD E MIE S HAZ ARD S WAT CH REDUCING THE IMPACTS OF DISASTERS THROUGH IMPROVED EARTH Ron r~ r,` T A TTU`~T~ SUMMARY OF A WORKSHOP OCTOBER 22, 2003 WASHINGTON, DC A SUMMARY TO THE D I SASTE RS ROUNDTABEE BY RICHARD SYEVES, UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE AND HELEN WOOD, NOAA NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS Washington, D.C. www.'la~ 1
THE NATIONAL ACADE MIE S PRE SS 20001 500 Fifth Street, N.W. Washington' DC NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this subs approveclby the Governing Board of the National Research Council, viscose members are draw from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering and the Institute of Medicine. The rrembers of the corvettes responsible for the summ~y~re chosen for their special competences and With regard for appropriate balance. This sunny is available on the interpret from the National Academy Press, 500 Fifth Street, N.W., Lockbox 285, Washington, D.C. 20055, (800) 624~6242 or (202) 3343313 (in the Washington metropolitan area); interpret <~D. This summary is funded in part by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Adrr~nistration (Task order 56-DKNA-~95111); Fecleral Errergency ~nagerrent Agency (EMW-2003-SN0246); National Aeronautic and Space Administration (W-24679); U.S. Geological Survey, Department of the Interior (under Assistance Award No. 03HQAAG0010), Pacific Gas and Electric, and the Institute for Business and Horde Safety. The view expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view, official policies, either express or implied, of NOAA or any of its subagencies, FE MA, NASA, or USGS. This material is based upon Pork supporter! by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. CMS 0335360. Any opinions, finding>, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in the material are those of the authors and do not reflect the view of the National Science Foundation. Copout 2004 by the National Academy of Sciences. A] nits r~;ervec! Printed in the Uniter! States of America . . 1 1
THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES Advisers to the Nation on Science, Engineering, aniMedicine The ~f Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Bruce ~ Alberts is president of the National Academy of Sciences. The ~ ~ i~ '~ \c ~ de '~ ~ ~ ~~` ~ '~ was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel orientation of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Wm A. Wulf is president of the National Academy of Engineering. The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy masters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, end education. Dr. Harvey V. Finebergis president of the Institute of Medicine. The ~ was oriented by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy's purposes of furthering la~owlec~ and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Bruce ~ Alberts and Dr. Wm A. Wulf are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council. w ~ w v . n a t i o n a 1 - a c a d e m i e s . o r g . . .
IV
FORE WORD The Disasters Roundtable (DR) seeks to facilitate and enhance communication and the exchange of ideas among scientists, practitioners, and policyn~kers concerned with urgent and important issues related to the understanding and mitigation of natural, technological, and other disasters. Roundtable workshops are held three times a year in Washington, D.C. Each meeting is focused on a specific topic or issue and is free and open to the public. The Disasters Roundtable Steering Committee identifies topics, creates agendas, and recruits expert speakers for Roundtable events. For upcoming meetings, please visit http://dels.nas.edu/dr. The Disasters Roundtable Steering Committee is composed of seven appointed members and sponsoring ax-officio members. The appointed members are William H. Hooke, chair, American Meteorological Society, David Applegate, American Geological Institute; Ross B. Corotis, University of Colorado, Boulder; Ann- Margaret Esnard, Cornell University, Susan K. Tubbesing Earthquake Engineering Research Institute; Ellis Stanley, Sr., Emergency Preparedness Department of the City of Los Angeles; and Richard T. Sylves, University of Delaware. The ax-officio members are Lloyd Cluff, Pacific Gas & Electric; Dennis Wenger, National Science Foundation; Timothy Cohn, U.S. Geological Survey, Stephen Ambrose, National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Margaret Lawless, Federal Emergency Management Agency, James Russell, Institute for Business and Home Safety, and Helen Wood, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The DR staff includes William Anderson, director, Patricia Jones Kershaw, staff associate and Kemi Yai, project assistant (until Jan. 2004) and Byron Mason (as of February20041. This document presents the rapporteur's sunny of the workshop discussions and does not necessarily reflect the views of the roundtable members or other participants. Thanks to Professor Richard Sylves of the University of Delaware and Dori Ackerman and Michael Loucks of GRS Solutions for providing their notes from the workshop. For more information on the Roundtable visit our website: http://dels.nas.edu/dror contact us at the address below. Disasters Roundtable The National Academies 500 5th Street, NW Washington, DC 20001 Phone: 202-334-1964 Fax: 202-334-1961 This sunny has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the NRC's Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical continents that will assist the institution in making its published sundry as sound as possible and to ensure that the summary meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review continents and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the followingindividuals for their review of this sub Ronald T. Eguchi, Imag~t, Inc., Long Beach, California Inez Fung, University of California, Berkeley Responsibility for the final content of this sundry rests entirely with the authors and the institution v