May 24, 1977, marks the expiration date or the five-year U.S./U.S.S.R. Agreement on Cooperation in the Fields of Science and Technology (S&T). This study is the response of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) to a March 28, 1977, request by Dr. Frank Press, President Carter's Science Adviser and Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTOP), for assistance in evaluating the benefits from this Agreement and in establishing the form of the renewal. Review of the US/USSR Agreement on Cooperation in the Fields of Science and Technology examines this study.