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Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment

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Status: Available Now

Size: 672 pages, 6 x 9

Publication Year:1994


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ISBN-10: 0-309-07490-8
ISBN-13: 978-0-309-07490-2
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Authors:
Committee on Risk Assessment of Hazardous Air Pollutants, Commission on Life Sciences, National Research Council
Authoring Organizations

Description:
The public depends on competent risk assessment from the federal government and the scientific community to grapple with the threat of pollution. When risk reports turn out to be overblown--or when risks are overlooked--public skepticism abounds.
This comprehensive and readable book ...
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Reviews:
"If we want information on how to analyze [environmental] hazards, Science and Judgment is the best source currently available."--Magazine of the Society of Women Engineers
...
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Table of Contents
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Front Matter i-xvi  
Executive Summary 1-15 (skim)
1 Introduction 16-22 (skim)
Part I Current Approaches to Risk Assessment: 2 Risk Assessment and its Social and Regulatory Contexts 23-42 (skim)
3 Exposure Assessment 43-55 (skim)
4 Assessment of Toxicity 56-67 (skim)
5 Risk Characterization 68-78 (skim)
Part II Strategies for Improving Risk Assessment: 6 Default Options 79-105 (skim)
7 Models, Methods, and Data 106-143 (skim)
8 Data Needs 144-159 (skim)
9 Uncertainty 160-187 (skim)
10 Variability 188-223 (skim)
11 Aggregation 224-242 (skim)
Part III Implementation of Findings: 12 Implementation 243-268 (skim)
References 269-286 (skim)
Appendix A: Risk Assessment Methodologies: EPA 287-350 (skim)
Appendix B: EPA Memorandum from Henry Habicht 351-374 (skim)
Appendix C: Calculation and Modeling of Exposure 375-382 (skim)
Appendix D: Working Paper for Considering Draft Revisions to the U.S. EPA Guidelines for Cancer Risk Assessment 383-448 (skim)
Appendix E: Use of Pharmacokinetics to Extrapolate from Animal Data to Humans 449-452 (skim)
Appendix F: Uncertainty Analysis of Health Risk Estimates 453-478 (skim)
Appendix G: Improvement in Human Health Risk Assessment Utilizing Site- and Chemical-Specific Information: A Case Study 479-502 (skim)
Appendix H-1: Some Definitional Concerns About Variability 503-504 (skim)
Appendix H-2: Individual Susceptibility Factors 505-514 (skim)
Appendix I: Aggregation 515-536 (skim)
Appendix J: A Tiered Modeling Approach for Assessing the Risks Due to Sources of Hazardous Air Pollutants 537-582 (skim)
Appendix K: Science Advisory Board Memorandum on the Integrated Risk Information System and EPA Response 583-590 (skim)
Appendix L: Development of Data Used in Risk Assessment 591-598 (skim)
Appendix M: Charge to the Committee 599-600 (skim)
Appendix N-1: The Case for 601-628 (skim)
Appendix N-2: Making Full Use of Scientific Information in Risk Assessment 629-640 (skim)
Index 641-652 (skim)

Description

The public depends on competent risk assessment from the federal government and the scientific community to grapple with the threat of pollution. When risk reports turn out to be overblown--or when risks are overlooked--public skepticism abounds.
This comprehensive and readable book explores how the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) can improve its risk assessment practices, with a focus on implementation of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments.
With a wealth of detailed information, pertinent examples, and revealing analysis, the volume explores the "default option" and other basic concepts. It offers two views of EPA operations: The first examines how EPA currently assesses exposure to hazardous air pollutants, evaluates the toxicity of a substance, and characterizes the risk to the public.
The second, more holistic, view explores how EPA can improve in several critical areas of risk assessment by focusing on cross-cutting themes and incorporating more scientific judgment.
This comprehensive volume will be important to the EPA and other agencies, risk managers, environmental advocates, scientists, faculty, students, and concerned individuals.

Reviews

"If we want information on how to analyze [environmental] hazards, Science and Judgment is the best source currently available."--Magazine of the Society of Women Engineers

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