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There has been a sea change in how we view genetic recombination. When germ cells are produced in higher organisms, genetic recombination assures the proper segregation of like chromosomes. In the course of that process, called meiosis, recombination not only assures segregation of one chromosome of each type to progeny germ cells, but also further shuffles the genetic deck, contributing to the unique inheritance of individuals. In a nutshell, that is the classical view of recombination. We have also known for many years that in bacteria recombination plays a role in horizontal gene transfer and in replication itself, the latter by establishing some of the replication forks that are the structural scaffolds for copying DNA.

In recent years, however, we have become increasingly aware that replication, which normally starts without any help from recombination, is a vulnerable process that frequently leads to broken DNA. The enzymes of recombination play a vital role in the repair of those breaks. The recombination enzymes can function via several different pathways that mediate the repair of breaks, as well as restoration of replication forks that are stalled by other kinds of damage to DNA. Thus, to the classical view of recombination as an engine of inheritance we must add the view of recombination as a vital housekeeping function that repairs breaks suffered in the course of replication. We have also known for many years that genomic instability—including mutations, chromosomal rearrangements, and aneuploidy—is a hallmark of cancer cells. Although genomic instability has many contributing causes, including faulty replication, there are many indications that recombination, faulty or not, contributes to genome instability and cancer as well.

The (Nas colloquium) Links Between Recombination and Replication: Vital Roles of Recombination was convened to broaden awareness of this evolving area of research. Papers generated by this colloquium are published here. To encourage the desired interactions of specialists, we invited some contributions that deal only with recombination or replication in addition to contributions on the central thesis of functional links between recombination and replication. To aid the nonspecialist and specialist alike, we open the set of papers with a historical overview by Michael Cox and we close the set with a commentary on the meeting and the field by Andrei Kuzminov.

RESOURCES AT A GLANCE

Suggested Citation

National Academy of Sciences. 2002. (NAS Colloquium) Links Between Recombination and Replication: Vital Roles of Recombination. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/10501.

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Publication Info

304 pages |  8.5 x 11 |  DOI: https://doi.org/10.17226/10501
Chapters skim
Front Matter i-iii
Links between recombination and replication: Vital roles of recombination 8172-8172
Historical overview: Searching for replication help in all of the rec places 8173-8180
Rescue of arrested replication forks by homologous recombination 8181-8188
Circles: The replication-recombination-chromosome segregation connection 8189-8195
Participation of recombination proteins in rescue of arrested replication forks in UV-irradiated Escherichia coli need not involve recombination 8196-8202
Effects of mutations involving cell division, recombination, and chromosome dimer resolution on a priA2::kan mutant 8203-8210
RecA protein promotes the regression of stalled replication forks in vitro 8211-8218
Topological challenges to DNA replication: Conformations at the fork 8219-8226
Rescue of stalled replication forks by RecG: Simultaneous translocation on the leading and lagging strand templates supports an active DNA unwinding model of fork reversal and Holliday junction formation 8227-8234
Formation of Holliday junctions by regression of nascent DNA in intermediates containing stalled replication forks: RecG stimulates regression even when the DNA is negatively supercoiled 8235-8240
Single-strand interruptions in replicating chromosomes cause double-strand breaks 8241-8246
Handoff from recombinase to replisome: Insights from transportation 8247-8254
Break-induced replication: A review and an example in budding yeast 8255-8262
Links between replication and recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: A hypersensitive requirement for homologous recombination in the absence of Rad27 activity 8263-8269
Evidence that replication fork components catalyze establishment of cohesion between sister chromatids 8270-8275
Rad52 forms DNA repair and recombination centers during S phase 8276-8282
A yeast gene, MGS1, encoding a DNA-dependent AAA+ ATPase is required to maintain genome stability 8283-8289
The tight linkage between DNA replication and double-strand break repair in bacteriophage T4 8290-8297
Mediator proteins orchestrate enzyme-ssDNA assembly during T4 recombination-dependent DNA replication and repair 8298-8305
Two recombination-dependent DNA replication pathways of bacteriophage T4, and their roles in mutagenesis and horizontal gene transfer 8306-8311
Bacteriophage T4 gene 41 helicase and gene 59 helicase-loading protein: A versatile couple with roles in replication and recombination 8312-8318
Instability of repetitive DNA sequences: The role of replication in multiple mechanisms 8319-8325
Repeat expansion by homologous recombination in the mouse germ line at palindromic sequences 8326-8333
Stationary-phase mutation in the bacterial chromosome: Recombination protein and DNA polymerase IV dependence 8334-8341
Managing DNA polymerases: Coordinating DNA replication, DNA repair, and DNA recombination 8342-8349
Roles of DNA polymerases V and II in SOS-induced error-prone and error-free repair in Escherichia coli 8350-8354
Accuracy of lesion bypass by yeast and human DNA polymerase n 8355-8360
ATP bound to the orgin recognition complex is important for preRC formation 8361-8367
Creating a dynamic picture of the sliding clamp during T4 DNA polymerases holoenzyme assembly by using fluorescence resonance energy transfer 8368-8375
Interaction of the ß sliding clamp with MutS, ligase, and DNA polymerase I 8376-8380
Defining the roles of individual residues in the single-stranded DNA binding site of PcrA helicase 8381-8387
Homologous DNA recombination in vertebrate cells 8388-8394
Meiotic recombination and chromosome segregation in Schizosaccharomyces pombe 8395-8402
Manipulating the mammalian genome by homologous recombination 8403-8410
Assembly of RecA-like recombinases: Distinct roles for mediator proteins in mitosis and meiosis 8411-8418
Domain structure and dynamics in the helical filaments formed by RecA and Rad51 on DNA 8419-8424
Homologous genetic recombination as an intrinsic dynamic property of a DNA structure induced by RecA/Rad51-family proteins: A possible advantage of DNA over RNA as genomic material 8425-8432
The synaptic activity of HsDmc1, a human reccombination protein specific to meiosis 8433-8439
Complex formation by the human RAD51C and XRCC3 recombination repair proteins 8440-8446
Rad54 protein stimulates the postsynaptic phase of Rad51 protein-mediated DNA strand exchange 8447-8453
The architecture of the human Rad54-DNA complex provides evidence for protein translocation along DNA 8454-8460
DNA replication meets genetic exchange: Chromosomal damage and its repair by homologous recombination 8461-8468
Colloquium Program 8469-8471

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