@BOOK{NAP1542, author = "National Research Council", title = "Recognition and Alleviation of Pain and Distress in Laboratory Animals", isbn = "978-0-309-07525-1", doi = "10.17226/1542", abstract = "Clear guidelines on the proper care and use of laboratory animals are being sought by researchers and members of the many committees formed to oversee animal care at universities as well as the general public. This book provides a comprehensive overview of what we know about behavior, pain, and distress in laboratory animals.\nThe volume explores:\n\n Stressors in the laboratory and the animal behaviors they cause, including in-depth discussions of the physiology of pain and distress and the animal's ecological relationship to the laboratory as an environment.\n A review of euthanasia of lab animals--exploring the decision, the methods, and the emotional effects on technicians.\n\nAlso included is a highly practical, extensive listing, by species, of dosages and side effects of anesthetics, analgesics, and tranquilizers.", url = "https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/1542/recognition-and-alleviation-of-pain-and-distress-in-laboratory-animals", year = 1992, publisher = "The National Academies Press", address = "Washington, DC" }