%!PS-Adobe-2.0 %%Title: computer 7 %%Creator: PageMaker 4.0 rocky %%CreationDate: 12-23-1992, 16:20:26 %%For: Station LR %%BoundingBox: 0 0 612 792 %%Pages: 22 0 %%DocumentPrinterRequired: "" "" %%DocumentFonts: (atend) %%DocumentSuppliedFonts: (atend) %%DocumentNeededFonts: (atend) %%DocumentNeededProcSets: %%DocumentSuppliedProcSets: AldusDict2 209 55 %%DocumentPaperSizes: Letter %%EndComments %%BeginFile: PatchFile userdict /AldusDict known {(A previous version PageMaker header is loaded.) = flush} if %%EndFile %%BeginProcSet: AldusDict2 209 55 % 209 55 AldusVersion/AldRevision: This record must be first!! % Copyright (C) 1987 Aldus Corporation. All rights reserved. /AldusDict2 325 dict def AldusDict2 begin /AldusVersion 209 def /AldusRev 55 def /bdef { bind def } bind def systemdict /currentpacking known {/AD_OldPacking currentpacking def true setpacking } if /AD_PrevMatrix matrix def /AD_SomethingOnPage false def /AD_OutlineWidth 30 def /AD_ShadOffset 0.06 def /AD_OLShadOffset 0.06 def /AD_OLSmearFact 0.03 def /AD_BoldSmearFact 0.03 def /AD_ObliqueAngle -0.21 def /AD_TrueSetscreen /setscreen load def /AD_NestedMirror false def /AD_TextCutout false def /BEGJOB { /AD_Invert exch def dup AD_NestedMirror xor /AD_NestedMirror exch def /AD_MirrorFlag exch def /AD_WideFlag exch def /paperwid exch def /paperht exch def /AD_Resolution 1440 def /AD_PointsToUCS AD_Resolution 72 div def AD_PrevMatrix currentmatrix pop /AD_PrevScreen [currentscreen] def /AD_PrevTransfer currenttransfer def /AD_StdScreen true def /STD_SCREEN { AD_StdScreen not { AD_PrevScreen cvx exec setscreen /AD_PrevTransfer load settransfer /AD_StdScreen true assign }if } def true _SetCoordSys version (23.) anchorsearch { pop pop /truesetgray /setgray load def /setgray { mark AD_Invert {.0 .0 .06 .1 .28 .48 .56 .68 .82 .9 .98 1.0 } {1.0 1.0 .98 .9 .82 .68 .56 .48 .28 .1 .06 .0 } ifelse counttomark dup 3 add -1 roll exch 2 sub mul dup floor cvi dup 3 1 roll sub exch dup 3 add index exch 2 add index dup 4 1 roll sub mul add counttomark 1 add 1 roll cleartomark truesetgray } def } { pop } ifelse /screenAdjust 1 0 dtransform exch atan def /mirrorScreen AD_NestedMirror {/neg load} {{}} ifelse def /setscreen {exch screenAdjust add mirrorScreen exch AD_TrueSetscreen} def } def /_SetCoordSys { /AD_OldSys exch def AD_WideFlag { AD_OldSys { 90 rotate 1 AD_PointsToUCS div dup neg scale } { 1 AD_PointsToUCS div dup neg scale paperht paperwid neg translate 90 rotate } ifelse } { 1 AD_PointsToUCS div dup neg scale 0 paperht neg translate } ifelse AD_MirrorFlag { paperwid 0 translate -1 1 scale } if /AD_DeviceScale 1 1 transform pop 0 0 transform pop sub abs def } bdef /SETRES { /AD_Resolution exch def /AD_PointsToUCS AD_Resolution 72 div def AD_PrevMatrix setmatrix false _SetCoordSys _DefinePatterns } bdef /SETOVERPRINT { setoverprint } bdef /SETTEXTCUTOUT { /AD_TextCutout exch def } bdef /BEGPAGE { /AD_SomethingOnPage false def } bdef /ENDPAGE { AD_SomethingOnPage { save showpage restore } if } def /MUST_PRINT_PAGE { /AD_SomethingOnPage true def } bdef /ENDJOB { AD_PrevMatrix setmatrix } bdef /S_PSCRIPT { /AD_SomethingOnPage true def } bdef /S_TEXTSEGBEG { /here save def /TX_RunDrawn false def newpath } bdef /S_TEXTSEGEND { TX_RunDrawn { here restore /AD_SomethingOnPage true def } { here restore } ifelse } bdef /S_WORKING { /AD_WorkingMemory exch def } bdef /S_LOADFONT { AldusDict2 /AD_TopOfFonts known exch { { AD_TopOfFonts restore } if } { not { save /AD_TopOfFonts exch def } if } ifelse } bdef /SURSTR { AD_SomethingOnPage SUsv restore } bdef /SUSAVE { AldusDict2 /AD_TopOfFonts known vmstatus exch sub exch pop AD_WorkingMemory lt { dup { AD_TopOfFonts restore } if } if not { save /AD_TopOfFonts exch def } if save /SUsv exch def /AD_SomethingOnPage exch def } bdef /_ftName 66 string def /_AutoRecode { /recode exch def _ftName cvs dup length 7 gt { dup 0 7 getinterval (|______) eq { dup length 7 exch 7 sub getinterval recode { FTRECODE } { FTRENAME } ifelse } { pop } ifelse } { pop } ifelse } bdef /SYM_SAV { save /SYMsv exch def } bdef /SYM_RSTR { AD_SomethingOnPage SYMsv restore /AD_SomethingOnPage exch def } bdef /AD_save_xform null def /SET_TX_XFORM { /m_x exch def /r_angle exch def /ref_y exch def /ref_x exch def /AD_save_xform save def ref_x ref_y translate m_x { -1 1 scale } if r_angle neg rotate ref_x neg ref_y neg translate } bind def /CLEAR_TX_XFORM { AD_SomethingOnPage AD_save_xform restore /AD_SomethingOnPage exch def } bind def /SHADOWFLAG 16#1 def /OUTLINEFLAG 16#2 def /BOLDSMEAR 16#4 def /OUTLINESMEAR 16#8 def /ReENCODED 16#10 def /BOLDPSBUMP 16#20 def /ITALICOBLIQUE 16#40 def /SET { count 5 eq not{6 array astore}if /AD_textcolor exch def /AD_fontbits exch def /AD_20EMS exch def 1 index FontDirectory exch known not { 1 index ReENCODED AD_fontbits _iand _AutoRecode } if BOLDPSBUMP AD_fontbits _iand { 1 add } if dup _ActivateFont ITALICOBLIQUE AD_fontbits _iand { _ActivateObliqueFont } if /AD_width_factor_internal AD_width_factor def AD_width_factor 1 ne { currentfont [AD_width_factor 0 0 1 0 0] makefont setfont } if /AD_EmNotMatch AD_20EMS 20 div (M) _ADStringWidth pop sub abs 1 gt def false SETTEXTCUTOUT } bdef /S_SETUPRUN /SET load def /OUT { /here save def /runwidth exch def /nspaces exch def /nchars exch def /textrun exch def /letterspace exch def /wordspace exch def /y1 exch def /x1 exch def nchars 0 gt { AD_textcolor dup _Gray? {setgray} {aload pop {PREGISCOLOR}{PCOLOR}ifelse } ifelse /letterspace AD_EmNotMatch { runwidth textrun _ADStringWidth pop nchars dup 1 gt {1 sub} if letterspace mul add nspaces wordspace mul add sub nchars dup 1 gt {1 sub} if div } { 0 } ifelse letterspace add def SHADOWFLAG AD_fontbits _iand { save OUTLINEFLAG AD_fontbits _iand { _OLShadowOffset } { AD_textcolor _Gray?{_ShadowScreen}if AD_textcolor _ShadowColor _ShadowOffset } ifelse OUTLINEFLAG AD_fontbits _iand OUTLINESMEAR AD_fontbits _iand not and { _ActivateSolidFont _SetTextWidth } if AD_TextCutout {1 setgray} if _ShowRun BOLDSMEAR AD_fontbits _iand { _BoldSmearOffset _ShowRun } if restore } if OUTLINEFLAG AD_fontbits _iand OUTLINESMEAR AD_fontbits _iand and { _OLSmearRun } { OUTLINEFLAG AD_fontbits _iand { save _ActivateSolidFont _SetTextWidth AD_textcolor _Gray? AD_textcolor _White? or { AD_textcolor _White? {0} {_TextFillColor} ifelse setgray } { 1 setgray }ifelse _ShowRun restore } if _ShowRun BOLDSMEAR AD_fontbits _iand { _BoldSmearOffset _ShowRun } if } ifelse } if here restore /AD_SomethingOnPage true def } bdef /S_OUTPUTRUN /OUT load def /_ADStringWidth { gsave closepath clip stringwidth grestore } bdef /_OLSmearRun { gsave _OLSmearOffset translate _ShowRun grestore gsave _OLSmearOffset exch neg exch translate _ShowRun grestore gsave _OLSmearOffset neg translate _ShowRun grestore gsave _OLSmearOffset neg exch neg exch translate _ShowRun grestore gsave AD_textcolor _Gray? AD_textcolor _White? or { AD_textcolor _White? {0} { _TextFillColor} ifelse setgray } { 1 setgray }ifelse _ShowRun grestore } bdef /_TextFillColor { AD_TextCutout {1} {1 AD_textcolor sub} ifelse } bdef /_ShowRun { x1 y1 moveto wordspace 0 8#040 letterspace 0 textrun awidthshow } bdef /AD_width_factor_internal 1 def /_SetTextWidth { AD_width_factor_internal 1 ne { currentfont [AD_width_factor_internal 0 0 1 0 0] makefont setfont } if } bdef /AD_save_textwidth null def /SET_TEXT_WIDTH { /AD_width_factor_internal exch def /AD_save_textwidth save def _SetTextWidth } bdef /RESTORE_TEXT_WIDTH { AD_SomethingOnPage AD_save_textwidth restore /AD_SomethingOnPage exch def /AD_width_factor_internal 1 def } bdef /AD_width_factor 1 def /SET_TX_WIDTH { /AD_width_factor exch def } bdef /CLEAR_TX_WIDTH { /AD_width_factor 1 def } bdef /S_UNDERLINE { /here save def count 7 eq not{6 array astore}if /color exch def /pointsize exch def /width exch def /deltay exch def /baseline exch def /rightx exch def /leftx exch def currentfont /FontInfo known { currentfont /FontInfo get /UnderlinePosition known { /deltay currentfont /FontInfo get /UnderlinePosition get currentfont /FontMatrix get 3 get mul pointsize AD_fontscale AD_PointsToUCS div div mul def } if currentfont /FontInfo get /UnderlineThickness known { /width currentfont /FontInfo get /UnderlineThickness get currentfont /FontMatrix get 3 get abs mul pointsize AD_fontscale AD_PointsToUCS div div mul def } if } if /underliney 0 baseline deltay add transform round exch round exch itransform exch pop def color dup _Gray? {setgray}{aload pop {PREGISCOLOR}{PCOLOR}ifelse }ifelse width setlinewidth SHADOWFLAG AD_fontbits _iand { save OUTLINEFLAG AD_fontbits _iand { _OLShadowOffset } { color _Gray?{_ShadowScreen}if color _ShadowColor _ShadowOffset } ifelse leftx underliney rightx underliney _ShowUnderline restore } if leftx underliney rightx underliney _ShowUnderline OUTLINEFLAG AD_fontbits _iand OUTLINESMEAR AD_fontbits _iand not and { save color _Gray?{1 color sub setgray} {0 0 0 0 setcmykcolor }ifelse /AD_OutlineWidth AD_OutlineWidth 1000 div AD_fontscale mul def width 3 AD_OutlineWidth mul ge { width 2 AD_OutlineWidth mul sub } { width 3 div } ifelse setlinewidth leftx AD_OutlineWidth add underliney rightx AD_OutlineWidth sub underliney _ShowUnderline restore } if here restore /AD_SomethingOnPage true def } bdef /_ShowUnderline { newpath moveto lineto stroke } bdef /S_STRIKETHRU { /here save def count 4 eq not{6 array astore}if /color exch def /y exch def /rightx exch def /leftx exch def /y 0 y transform round exch round exch itransform exch pop def color _Gray? {color setgray}{color aload pop {PREGISCOLOR}{PCOLOR}ifelse }ifelse _StrikeThruWidth setlinewidth newpath leftx y moveto rightx y lineto stroke here restore /AD_SomethingOnPage true def } bdef /DV_DRAW_TEXT { /here save def /text exch def /y exch def /x exch def Black setgray (Helvetica-Bold) FTRECODE /|______Helvetica-Bold 9 dup _ActivateFont x y moveto text show here restore /AD_SomethingOnPage true def } bdef /DV_DRAW_BOX { /here save def /draftflag exch def /shadowflag exch def /y2 exch def /x2 exch def /y1 exch def /x1 exch def AD_PointsToUCS 2 div setlinewidth newpath x1 y1 moveto x1 y2 lineto x2 y2 lineto x2 y1 lineto closepath shadowflag { gsave STD_SCREEN 0.5 setgray fill grestore} { gsave 1.0 setgray fill grestore 0.0 setgray stroke } ifelse draftflag { x1 y1 moveto x2 y2 lineto stroke x2 y1 moveto x1 y2 lineto stroke } if here restore /AD_SomethingOnPage true def } bdef /DV_DRAW_LINE { /here save def /lw exch def /y2 exch def /x2 exch def /y1 exch def /x1 exch def x1 y1 transform round exch round exch itransform /y1 exch def /x1 exch def x2 y2 transform round exch round exch itransform /y2 exch def /x2 exch def 0 lw transform round exch round exch itransform /lw exch def pop lw setlinewidth 0 setseparationgray newpath x1 y1 moveto x2 y2 lineto stroke here restore /AD_SomethingOnPage true def } def /DV_DRAW_CIRCLE { /here save def /lw exch def /r exch def /y exch def /x exch def x y transform round exch round exch itransform /y exch def /x exch def 0 r transform round exch round exch itransform /r exch def pop 0 lw transform round exch round exch itransform /lw exch def pop lw setlinewidth Black setgray newpath x y r 0 360 arc stroke here restore /AD_SomethingOnPage true def } bdef /_ActivateFont { /AD_fontscale exch AD_PointsToUCS mul def /AD_fontscaleX exch AD_PointsToUCS mul def /AD_fontname exch def AD_fontname findfont [ AD_fontscaleX 0 0 AD_fontscale neg 0 0 ] makefont setfont } bdef /_ActivateObliqueFont { AD_fontname findfont [ AD_fontscaleX 0 0 AD_fontscale neg 0 0 ] [ 1 0 AD_ObliqueAngle 1 0 0 ] matrix concatmatrix makefont setfont } bdef /_ActivateSolidFont { AD_solidfont AD_fontscaleX AD_PointsToUCS div AD_fontscale AD_PointsToUCS div _ActivateFont } bdef /_ShadowOffset { AD_ShadOffset AD_fontscaleX mul AD_ShadOffset AD_fontscale mul translate } bdef /_OLShadowOffset { AD_OLShadOffset AD_fontscaleX mul AD_OLShadOffset AD_fontscale mul translate } bdef /_ShadowScreen { 100 AD_PrevScreen 1 get AD_PrevScreen 2 get setscreen } bdef /_ShadowColor { dup _Gray? exch dup _White? 3 -1 roll or { dup _White? {pop 1 }if 0.6 mul 0.8 exch sub setgray} {_ShadeColor }ifelse } bdef /_ShadeColor { /AldusTint .2 def aload pop {PREGISCOLOR}{PCOLOR}ifelse /AldusTint 1 def } bdef /_Gray? { dup type 0 type eq exch type 0.0 type eq or } bdef /_White? { dup type [] type eq {aload pop pop pop add add add 0 eq {true}{false }ifelse }{pop false }ifelse } bdef /PCOLOR { findcmykcustomcolor AD_NonSepPat {1 currentgray sub setcustomcolor} {AldusTint setcustomcolor}ifelse } def /ndf { 1 index where {pop pop pop}{dup xcheck {bind }if def }ifelse } bdef /setoverprint { AldusDict2 begin /AD_Overprint exch def end }ndf /currentoverprint { AldusDict2 /AD_Overprint get }ndf /setcmykcoloroverprint { 4{dup -1 eq{pop 0}if 4 1 roll}repeat setcmykcolor }ndf /findcmykcustomcolor { 5 /packedarray where {pop packedarray}{array astore readonly }ifelse }ndf /setcustomcolor { exch aload pop pop 4 {4 index mul 4 1 roll } repeat setcmykcolor pop }ndf /setcmykcolor { 1 exch sub _Ccmyk _Ccmyk _Ccmyk pop setrgbcolor }ndf /customcolorimage { pop image }ndf /separationimage { image }ndf /setseparationgray { setgray }ndf /_Ccmyk { dup 5 -1 roll sub 0 _Max exch }bdef /_Max { 2 copy lt {exch }if pop } bdef /_OLSmearOffset { AD_OLSmearFact AD_fontscaleX mul AD_OLSmearFact AD_fontscale mul } bdef /_BoldSmearOffset { AD_BoldSmearFact AD_fontscaleX mul AD_BoldSmearFact AD_fontscale mul translate } bdef /_StrikeThruWidth { AD_fontscale 16 div } bdef /_iand { and 0 ne } bdef /FTRENAME { dup (|______) exch ftMakeName cvn /NewName local FontDirectory NewName known {pop} {cvn findfont dup maxlength dict false copyDict dup /FontName known {dup /FontName NewName put} if NewName exch definefont pop } ifelse } bdef /FTRECODE { dup (|______) exch ftMakeName cvn /NewName local FontDirectory NewName known {pop} {cvn findfont dup maxlength dict false copyDict dup /FontName known {dup /FontName NewName put} if dup /Encoding MacEncoding put NewName exch definefont pop } ifelse } bdef /AD_encode_vector_size 256 def /AD_encode_vector null def /AD_doing_recoding false def /BEG_RECODE { dup (|______) exch ftMakeName cvn /NewName local FontDirectory NewName known { pop /AD_doing_recoding false def /AD_encode_vector null def } {cvn findfont dup maxlength dict false copyDict dup /FontName known {dup /FontName NewName put} if /AD_encode_vector AD_encode_vector_size array def dup begin Encoding AD_encode_vector copy pop end dup /Encoding AD_encode_vector put NewName exch definefont pop /AD_doing_recoding true def AD_encode_vector dup } ifelse } bdef /ENCODE_CHAR { AD_doing_recoding { put dup } { pop pop } ifelse } bdef /END_RECODE { AD_doing_recoding { pop pop } if /AD_doing_recoding false def /AD_encode_vector null def } bdef /FTOUTLINE { ReENCODED FTOLINE } bdef /FTOLINE { /AD_fontbits exch def cvn /OlineName local dup /AD_solidfont exch def AD_solidfont FontDirectory exch known not { AD_solidfont ReENCODED AD_fontbits _iand _AutoRecode } if FontDirectory OlineName known {pop} {cvn findfont dup maxlength 2 add dict true copyDict dup /FontName known {dup /FontName OlineName put} if dup /PaintType 2 put dup /StrokeWidth AD_OutlineWidth put OlineName exch definefont pop } ifelse } bdef /AD_nameString1 66 string def /ftMakeName { 1 index length /PrefixLen local dup length PrefixLen add AD_nameString1 exch 0 exch getinterval dup PrefixLen 4 -1 roll putinterval dup 0 4 -1 roll putinterval } bdef /copyDict { /NoUnique local begin { 1 index /FID ne NoUnique {2 index /UniqueID ne and} if { def } { pop pop } ifelse } forall currentdict end } bdef /MacEncoding 256 array def MacEncoding 0 /Times-Roman findfont /Encoding get 0 128 getinterval putinterval MacEncoding 16#27 /quotesingle put MacEncoding 16#60 /grave put /Adieresis /Aring /Ccedilla /Eacute /Ntilde /Odieresis /Udieresis /aacute /agrave /acircumflex /adieresis /atilde /aring /ccedilla /eacute /egrave /ecircumflex /edieresis /iacute /igrave /icircumflex /idieresis /ntilde /oacute /ograve /ocircumflex /odieresis /otilde /uacute /ugrave /ucircumflex /udieresis /dagger /degree /cent /sterling /section /bullet /paragraph /germandbls /registersans /copyrightsans /trademarksans /acute /dieresis /notequal /AE /Oslash /infinity /plusminus /lessequal /greaterequal /yen /mu /partialdiff /summation /product /pi /integral /ordfeminine /ordmasculine /Omega /ae /oslash /questiondown /exclamdown /logicalnot /radical /florin /approxequal /Delta /guillemotleft /guillemotright /ellipsis /space /Agrave /Atilde /Otilde /OE /oe /endash /emdash /quotedblleft /quotedblright /quoteleft /quoteright /divide /lozenge /ydieresis /Ydieresis /fraction /currency /guilsinglleft /guilsinglright /fi /fl /daggerdbl /periodcentered /quotesinglbase /quotedblbase /perthousand /Acircumflex /Ecircumflex /Aacute /Edieresis /Egrave /Iacute /Icircumflex /Idieresis /Igrave /Oacute /Ocircumflex /apple /Ograve /Uacute /Ucircumflex /Ugrave /dotlessi /circumflex /tilde /macron /breve /dotaccent /ring /cedilla /hungarumlaut /ogonek /caron MacEncoding 128 128 getinterval astore pop /getAnInt{2 getinterval dup 0 get 16#100 mul exch 1 get add cvi}def /CharBitStr 30 string def /BuildCharDict 16 dict def /AFONT { gsave /FName local /BMFSize local 1 add /LastChar local /FirstChar local /DefChar LastChar FirstChar sub 2 mul def 20 dict dup begin 10 1 roll /LocTableLen local /OWTableLen local /BMRowLen local /PixelHeight local /FontWidth local /MaxWidth local /MaxKern local /Descent local /Ascent local /Bits BMRowLen PixelHeight mul string currentfile exch readhexstring pop def /LocTable LocTableLen string currentfile exch readhexstring pop def /OWTable OWTableLen string currentfile exch readhexstring pop def /FontType 3 def /FontMatrix matrix def /FontBBox[MaxKern Descent neg MaxWidth MaxKern add Ascent]def /Encoding 256 array def Encoding 0 MacEncoding 0 256 getinterval putinterval /Mummble 257 array def 0 1 256{Mummble exch DefChar put}for FirstChar 1 LastChar{Mummble exch dup FirstChar sub 2 mul put}for /BuildChar { BuildCharDict begin /1Char local /FDict local FDict /Mummble get 1Char get /2Char local FDict /OWTable get 2Char getAnInt 16#FFFF eq {/2Char DefChar assign}if FDict /LocTable get 2Char getAnInt /BitLoc local FDict /LocTable get 2Char 2 add getAnInt BitLoc sub /BitWidth local BitLoc 8 mod /ShiftVal local 16#FF 8 ShiftVal sub dup neg /RemShift local bitshift 16#FF and /BMask local 16#FF 8 BitLoc BitWidth add 8 mod sub dup 8 ge{pop 0}if BitWidth 0 eq{pop 8}if bitshift /AMask local BitWidth ShiftVal add 7 add 8 idiv dup 0 eq{pop 1}if /ByteWidth local BitLoc 8 idiv /WhichRow local FDict /OWTable get 2Char get cvi /Offset local FDict /OWTable get 2Char 1 add get cvi /Charwidth local Charwidth 0 BMFSize divPoint FDict /MaxKern get FDict /Descent get neg BMFSize divPoint BitWidth Offset add FDict /MaxKern get add FDict /Ascent get BMFSize divPoint setcachedevice gsave ByteWidth 8 mul FDict /PixelHeight get true [FDict /PixelHeight get FDict /Descent get sub 1 add 0 0 FDict /PixelHeight get FDict /Descent get sub 1 add neg Offset neg 0.5 add FDict /PixelHeight get FDict /Descent get sub 0.5 add] { FDict /Bits get WhichRow ByteWidth getinterval CharBitStr copy /ThisRow local 16#100 ByteWidth 1 sub 1 neg 0 { /iV local ThisRow iV get 1 index 16#100 eq{AMask and}if dup BMask and RemShift bitshift 3 1 roll ShiftVal bitshift add 16#FF and cvi ThisRow iV 3 -1 roll put }for pop ThisRow /WhichRow WhichRow FDict /BMRowLen get add assign } imagemask grestore end }def end FontDirectory FName cvn known {pop} {FName cvn exch definefont pop} ifelse grestore }def /AldusTint 1 def /AD_Overprint false def /AD_NonSepPat false def /const /def load def /var /def load def /local[/exch load /def load]cvx def /assign /def load def /incr{dup cvx exec 1 add assign}bdef /postIncr{dup cvx exec exch incr}bdef /SpaceChar 16#20 const /cvPA{2 array astore cvx}bdef /point{cvPA def}bdef /locPoint{3 1 roll point}bdef /pointXpoint{3 -1 roll mul 3 1 roll mul exch}bdef /pointDpoint{3 -1 roll exch div 3 1 roll div exch}bdef /setPoint{load astore pop}bdef /dupPoint{2 copy}bdef /addPoint{exch 4 -1 roll add 3 1 roll add}bdef /subPoint{exch 3 1 roll sub 3 1 roll sub exch}bdef /mulPoint{dup pointXpoint}bdef /divPoint{dup pointDpoint}bdef /exchPoint{4 2 roll}bdef /overPoint{3 index 3 index}bdef /anyStatD systemdict /statusdict known const /thisProduct anyStatD {statusdict /product known{statusdict /product get}{()}ifelse} {()}ifelse const /PerCentChg 1.0 -1.0 point /boxPath{/y2 local /x2 local /y1 local /x1 local x1 y1 moveto x2 y1 lineto x2 y2 lineto x1 y2 lineto closepath}bdef /dump{4{pop}repeat}bdef /rBoxPath{/r local /y2 local /x2 local /y1 local /x1 local x1 r add y1 moveto x2 y1 x2 y2 r arcto dump x2 y2 x1 y2 r arcto dump x1 y2 x1 y1 r arcto dump x1 y1 x2 y1 r arcto dump closepath}bdef /SaveMatrix matrix var /ButtCap 0 const /SquareCap 2 const /MiterJoin 0 const /BevelJoin 2 const /Black 0 const /White 1 const /Wide 0 const /Narrow 1 const /PictPostScript false var /isHairline false var /PBEGIN{ dup not {save /PSave exch def} if /isLBO exch def /PBotRight locPoint /PTopLeft locPoint isLBO not {newpath PTopLeft PBotRight boxPath clip} if newpath isLBO {ButtCap}{SquareCap} ifelse setlinecap MiterJoin setlinejoin 3 setmiterlimit AD_PointsToUCS setlinewidth /deviceRound { dup AD_DeviceScale mul round AD_DeviceScale div dup 0 eq { pop } { exch pop } ifelse } def /HairWidth AD_PointsToUCS 4 div AD_DeviceScale mul deviceRound dup 1.5 lt { pop 0 } if const Black setgray /LineScale 1 var /LineWidth AD_PointsToUCS var /LineHeight AD_PointsToUCS var /DoingWedge false var /DoingArc false var AldusDict2 /PatternShade known not { /psb {} bdef /pse {} bdef /PatternShade Black var /DeclaredPattern <00> var /PCurPat <01> var } if }bdef /PEND{ newpath isLBO not {PSave restore} if /AD_SomethingOnPage true def }bdef /SetPattern { dup /PatternShade exch def setgray } bdef /bitison{ /ybit local /xbit local PCurPat ybit PatWidth mul xbit 8 idiv add get 1 7 xbit 8 mod AD_NestedMirror {exch pop}{sub} ifelse bitshift and 0 ne}bdef /PSHADE{ STD_SCREEN 100 div dup /PatternShade exch def /AD_NonSepPat true def setgray <01> /PCurPat local } def /BK { /AD_NonSepPat true def Black setgray } bdef /WT { /AD_NonSepPat true def White setgray } bdef /PBLACK /BK load def /PWHITE /WT load def /PREGISCOLOR { pop AD_NonSepPat { pop currentgray}{AldusTint mul 1 exch sub}ifelse setseparationgray pop pop pop } bdef /PUSETHISPATTERN { dup PCurPat eq {pop}{ PPATTERN } ifelse PatternShade /AD_NonSepPat true def setgray /VerifyUsedPattern false def } bdef /PUSEPATTERN { VerifyUsedPattern {DeclaredPattern PCurPat ne {DeclaredPattern PPATTERN} if } if PatternShade setgray /VerifyUsedPattern false def } bdef /PDECLAREPATTERN { /DeclaredPattern exch def /VerifyUsedPattern true def /AD_NonSepPat true def } bdef /PatWidth 1 const /PatSide 8 const /PFreq 300 32 div const /PPATTERN{/PCurPat local /AD_NonSepPat true def /VerifyUsedPattern false def 0 /Onbits local 0 /Offbits local AD_Invert {{1 exch sub} settransfer} {{} settransfer} ifelse PFreq PerCentChg pop dup 0.96 eq {pop}{div}ifelse 0 { 1 1 addPoint 2 divPoint PatSide mulPoint cvi exch cvi exch bitison AD_Invert xor {/Onbits incr 1} {/Offbits incr 0}ifelse } setscreen Offbits dup Onbits add div AD_Invert {1 exch sub} if SetPattern /AD_StdScreen false assign}def /vertLines{pop dup mul -2 mul 1 add}bdef /sPat { AD_Invert {{1 exch sub} settransfer} {{} settransfer} ifelse setscreen setgray }def /PALDUSSHADE { <11> /PCurPat local /AD_NonSepPat true def /AD_StdScreen false assign Wide eq { 0.774 20 45 {vertLines} sPat } { 0.643 30 45 {vertLines} sPat } ifelse } bdef /PHAIRWIDTH { HairWidth setlinewidth /isHairline true def } bdef /LW { LineScale mul deviceRound /LineHeight exch def LineScale mul deviceRound dup /LineWidth exch def setlinewidth /isHairline false def }bdef /PLNWIDTH /LW load def /PLNSCALE{div /LineScale exch def} bdef /roundCoord { 0.5 add round 0.5 sub } bdef /roundPoint { transform round exch round exch itransform } bdef /adjCoord { dup 1 AD_DeviceScale div gt { deviceRound 2 div } { pop .5 AD_DeviceScale div } ifelse } bdef /pULAdj{ roundPoint currentlinewidth adjCoord LineHeight adjCoord addPoint }bdef /pLRAdj{ roundPoint currentlinewidth adjCoord LineHeight adjCoord subPoint }bdef /QD_LINE { /qd_save save def /y2 exch def /x2 exch def /y1 exch def /x1 exch def x1 x2 gt { x1 y1 x2 y2 /y1 exch def /x1 exch def /y2 exch def /x2 exch def } if newpath y1 y2 gt { x1 y1 moveto x2 y2 lineto x2 LineWidth add dup y2 lineto y2 LineHeight add lineto x1 LineWidth add y1 LineHeight add lineto x1 y1 LineHeight add lineto x1 y1 lineto } { x1 y1 moveto x1 LineWidth add y1 lineto x2 LineWidth add dup y2 lineto y2 LineHeight add lineto x2 y2 LineHeight add lineto x1 y1 LineHeight add lineto x1 y1 lineto } ifelse closepath eofill qd_save restore } bdef /PLINETO { PictPostScript { moveto lineto } { /y2 exch def /x2 exch def /y1 exch def /x1 exch def currentlinecap ButtCap setlinecap newpath x1 x2 eq y1 y2 eq and { LineWidth 1 le LineHeight 1 le and { x1 y1 moveto } { x1 y1 x1 LineWidth add y1 LineHeight add boxPath fill} ifelse } { y1 y2 eq { LineWidth x1 x2 lt { x2 add /x2 exch def } { x1 add /x1 exch def } ifelse LineHeight setlinewidth x1 y1 LineHeight 2 div add roundPoint moveto x2 y2 LineHeight 2 div add roundPoint lineto mayStroke } { x1 x2 eq { LineHeight y1 y2 lt { y2 add /y2 exch def } { y1 add /y1 exch def } ifelse x1 LineWidth 2 div add y1 roundPoint moveto x2 LineWidth 2 div add y2 roundPoint lineto mayStroke } { x1 y1 pULAdj moveto x2 y2 pULAdj lineto mayStroke } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse setlinecap } ifelse }bdef /HairRect { save /here exch def /y2 exch def /x2 exch def /y1 exch def /x1 exch def PHAIRWIDTH newpath x1 x2 sub abs y1 y2 sub abs lt { x1 x2 add 2 div dup y1 roundPoint moveto y2 roundPoint lineto stroke} { y1 y2 add 2 div dup x1 exch roundPoint moveto x2 exch roundPoint lineto stroke} ifelse here restore } bdef /PHAIRLINE { count 4 gt { newpath PHAIRWIDTH addPoint 2 divPoint roundPoint moveto addPoint 2 divPoint roundPoint lineto pop pop stroke } { HairRect } ifelse } bdef /PHANGLINE { roundPoint /yb exch def /xr exch def roundPoint /yt exch def /xl exch def deviceRound /delta exch def { {yt delta sub /yt exch def} {yb delta add /yb exch def} ifelse } { {xl delta sub /xl exch def} {xr delta add /xr exch def} ifelse } ifelse newpath 1 AD_DeviceScale div 2 div dup dupPoint xl yt addPoint exchPoint xr yb exchPoint subPoint boxPath fill } bdef /PCURVETO { curveto } bdef /PMOVETO { moveto } bdef /PRECT{newpath pLRAdj exchPoint pULAdj exchPoint boxPath}bdef /PRRECT { pLRAdj /Botts locPoint pULAdj /Tops locPoint currentlinewidth dup subPoint /Diams locPoint newpath SaveMatrix currentmatrix pop Botts Tops subPoint /Sides locPoint Sides pop abs Diams pop ge{Diams}{Sides}ifelse pop Sides exch pop abs Diams exch pop ge{Diams}{Sides}ifelse exch pop /Diams locPoint Diams 2 div /YRad local 0 gt {Diams exch pop 0 eq {1} {Diams div} ifelse } {1}ifelse 1 /PRRscale locPoint Tops translate PRRscale scale 0 0 Sides PRRscale pointDpoint Diams 0 gt exch 0 gt and{YRad rBoxPath}{boxPath}ifelse SaveMatrix setmatrix}bdef /POVAL{newpath SaveMatrix currentmatrix pop 0 359 false pArc closepath SaveMatrix setmatrix}bdef /PARC{ newpath SaveMatrix currentmatrix pop /DoingArc true assign false pArc SaveMatrix setmatrix }bdef /PWEDGE{newpath SaveMatrix currentmatrix pop /DoingWedge true assign true pArc closepath SaveMatrix setmatrix }bdef /modAdj{ dup 360 gt{360 sub}if dup 0 lt{360 add}if}bdef /pArc{/Fill local /ArcAng local /BegAng local pLRAdj /PLR locPoint pULAdj /PUL locPoint 360 BegAng ArcAng add sub 90 add modAdj /StartAng local StartAng ArcAng add /EndAng local PLR PUL subPoint 2 divPoint /Rad locPoint PUL Rad addPoint translate Rad neg scale Fill{0 0 moveto}if 0 0 1 StartAng EndAng dupPoint eq {pop pop 0 359 arc closepath} {ArcAng 0 lt {arcn}{arc}ifelse } ifelse }bdef /PBEGPOLY{ newpath pULAdj moveto }bdef /PBEGSMOOTHPOLY { newpath } bdef /PPOLYPOINT { pULAdj lineto } bdef /PENDPOLY{ /Closed local Closed{closepath}if }bdef /PENDSMOOTHPOLY { PENDPOLY } bdef /PBEGRGN{mark}bdef /PREGION{PRECT cleartomark}bdef /PTXBEG {/PTSave1 save const} bdef /PROTATE { currentdict /PRotateSave known not {save /PRotateSave exch def} if 3 1 roll dupPoint neg exch neg exch 5 2 roll translate rotate translate } bdef /PHFLIP { currentdict /PRotateSave known not {save /PRotateSave exch def} if dupPoint neg exch neg exch 4 2 roll translate -1 1 scale translate } bdef /PVFLIP { currentdict /PRotateSave known not {save /PRotateSave exch def} if dupPoint neg exch neg exch 4 2 roll translate 1 -1 scale translate } bdef /PROTATE_END { PRotateSave restore } bdef /PSCALETEXT { AD_PointsToUCS mul div /Xscale exch def AD_PointsToUCS mul div /Yscale exch def currentfont [ Xscale 0 0 Yscale 0 0 ] makefont setfont /AD_fontscaleX AD_fontscaleX Xscale mul def /AD_fontscale AD_fontscale Yscale mul def } bdef /PSTBEG { userdict /md known not { userdict begin /md 0 def end } if PBLACK /PictPostScript true def } bdef /PSTEND { /PictPostScript false def } bdef /mayStroke{ currentlinewidth 0 gt isHairline or { gsave /s_matrix null def /stroke_xform false def DoingWedge {MiterJoin setlinejoin} if currentlinewidth 1 AD_DeviceScale div sub setlinewidth LineWidth LineHeight ne { /s_matrix matrix currentmatrix def 1 LineHeight LineWidth div scale /stroke_xform true def } if stroke stroke_xform {s_matrix setmatrix} if grestore } if /DoingWedge false assign } bdef /RESET_PAT_SEP { /AD_NonSepPat false def } bdef /PFRAME{mayStroke RESET_PAT_SEP}bdef /PPAINT { mayStroke gsave eofill grestore RESET_PAT_SEP }bdef /PERASE { mayStroke gsave eofill grestore RESET_PAT_SEP }bdef /PFILL { mayStroke gsave eofill grestore RESET_PAT_SEP }bdef /PTINT { 100 exch sub 100 div /AldusTint exch def } bdef /PRESETTINT { AldusTint 1 eq not {/AldusTint 1 def }if } bdef /PHORZSHADE { 0 eq {/widehorz}{/narrowhorz }ifelse findfont _OpaquePatternfill } bdef /PVERTSHADE { 0 eq {/widevert}{/narrowvert }ifelse findfont _OpaquePatternfill } bdef /PHATCHSHADE { 0 eq {/widehatch}{/narrowhatch }ifelse findfont _OpaquePatternfill } bdef /PDIAGSHADE { 0 eq {/widediag}{/narrowdiag }ifelse findfont _OpaquePatternfill } bdef /_SetCoords { /y2 local /x2 local /y1 local /x1 local } bdef /_DefinePattern { 7 dict begin /FontDict 9 dict def FontDict begin /cache exch def /key exch def /proc exch cvx def /mtx exch matrix invertmatrix def /height exch def /width exch def /ctm matrix currentmatrix def /ptm matrix identmatrix def /str (12345678901234567890123456789012) def end /FontBBox [ 0 0 FontDict /width get FontDict /height get ] def /FontMatrix FontDict /mtx get def /Encoding StandardEncoding def /FontType 3 def /BuildChar { pop begin FontDict begin width 0 cache { 0 0 width height setcachedevice }{ setcharwidth } ifelse 0 0 moveto width 0 lineto width height lineto 0 height lineto closepath clip newpath gsave proc grestore end end } def FontDict /key get currentdict definefont end } bind def /_Patternpath { dup type /dicttype eq { begin FontDict /ctm get setmatrix }{ exch begin FontDict /ctm get setmatrix concat } ifelse currentdict setfont FontDict begin FontMatrix concat width 0 dtransform round width div exch round width div exch 0 height dtransform round height div exch round height div exch 0 0 transform round exch round exch ptm astore setmatrix pathbbox height div ceiling height mul 4 1 roll width div ceiling width mul 4 1 roll height div floor height mul 4 1 roll width div floor width mul 4 1 roll 2 index sub height div ceiling cvi exch 3 index sub width div ceiling cvi exch 4 2 roll moveto FontMatrix ptm invertmatrix pop { gsave ptm concat dup str length idiv { str show } repeat dup str length mod str exch 0 exch getinterval show grestore 0 height rmoveto } repeat pop end end } bind def /_Patternfill { gsave clip _Patternpath grestore newpath } bind def /_OpaquePatternfill { gsave 0 0 0 0 setcmykcolor fill grestore _Patternfill } bind def /_DefinePatterns { /AD_PatternLW .009375 AD_Resolution mul def /narrowdiagunit .046666 AD_Resolution mul def narrowdiagunit narrowdiagunit [1 0 0 1 0 0] { SquareCap setlinecap 0 narrowdiagunit 2 div moveto narrowdiagunit 2 div 0 lineto narrowdiagunit 2 div narrowdiagunit moveto narrowdiagunit narrowdiagunit 2 div lineto AD_PatternLW setlinewidth stroke } bind /narrowdiag true _DefinePattern pop /widediagunit .073333 AD_Resolution mul def widediagunit widediagunit [1 0 0 1 0 0] { SquareCap setlinecap 0 widediagunit 2 div moveto widediagunit 2 div 0 lineto widediagunit 2 div widediagunit moveto widediagunit widediagunit 2 div lineto AD_PatternLW setlinewidth stroke } bind /widediag true _DefinePattern pop /narrowhorzunit .053333 AD_Resolution mul def narrowhorzunit narrowhorzunit [1 0 0 1 0 0] { SquareCap setlinecap 0 narrowhorzunit 2 div moveto narrowhorzunit narrowhorzunit 2 div lineto AD_PatternLW setlinewidth stroke } bind /narrowhorz true _DefinePattern pop /widehorzunit .106666 AD_Resolution mul def widehorzunit widehorzunit [1 0 0 1 0 0] { SquareCap setlinecap 0 widehorzunit 2 div moveto widehorzunit widehorzunit 2 div lineto AD_PatternLW setlinewidth stroke } bind /widehorz true _DefinePattern pop /narrowvertunit .053333 AD_Resolution mul def narrowvertunit narrowvertunit [1 0 0 1 0 0] { SquareCap setlinecap narrowvertunit 2 div 0 moveto narrowvertunit 2 div narrowvertunit lineto AD_PatternLW setlinewidth stroke } bind /narrowvert true _DefinePattern pop /widevertunit .106666 AD_Resolution mul def widevertunit widevertunit [1 0 0 1 0 0] { SquareCap setlinecap widevertunit 2 div 0 moveto widevertunit 2 div widevertunit lineto AD_PatternLW setlinewidth stroke } bind /widevert true _DefinePattern pop /narrowhatchunit .053333 AD_Resolution mul def narrowhatchunit narrowhatchunit [1 0 0 1 0 0] { SquareCap setlinecap narrowhatchunit 2 div 0 moveto narrowhatchunit 2 div narrowhatchunit lineto 0 narrowhatchunit 2 div moveto narrowhatchunit narrowhatchunit 2 div lineto AD_PatternLW setlinewidth stroke } bind /narrowhatch true _DefinePattern pop /widehatchunit .106666 AD_Resolution mul def widehatchunit widehatchunit [1 0 0 1 0 0] { SquareCap setlinecap widehatchunit 2 div 0 moveto widehatchunit 2 div widehatchunit lineto 0 widehatchunit 2 div moveto widehatchunit widehatchunit 2 div lineto AD_PatternLW setlinewidth stroke } bind /widehatch true _DefinePattern pop } version (23.) anchorsearch {pop pop def}{pop bdef} ifelse systemdict /currentpacking known {AD_OldPacking setpacking} if /AldusDone AldusVersion def end %%EndProcSet %%EndProlog AldusDict2 begin %%BeginSetup letter mark { mark 1.0 1.0 .92 .76 .64 .54 .44 .36 .28 .2 .1 .0 counttomark dup 3 add -1 roll exch 2 sub mul dup floor cvi dup 3 1 roll sub exch dup 3 add index exch 2 add index dup 4 1 roll sub mul add counttomark 1 add 1 roll cleartomark } bind %%Feature: NormalizedTransfer settransfer erasepage cleartomark /#copies 1 def (Station LR; document: computer 7) statusdict /jobname 3 -1 roll put statusdict /waittimeout 300 put 13970 10795 false false false BEGJOB 1270 SETRES 45000 S_WORKING save /SUsv exch def %%EndSetup %%Page: 217 1 BEGPAGE SURSTR true S_LOADFONT %%IncludeFont: Palatino-Italic (Palatino-Italic) FTRECODE SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Italic 80 100 mul 1000 div 2660 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 2540 2134 6.9905 3.5273 (INSTITUTIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE OF ACADEMIC CS&E) 45 4 4016 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Italic 100 100 mul 1000 div 3320 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 7991 2134 0.0000 -0.0787 (217) 3 0 264 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Italic 100 100 mul 1000 div 3320 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 5283 11853 0.0000 -0.0787 (217) 3 0 264 OUT SURSTR true S_LOADFONT %%IncludeFont: Palatino-Roman (Palatino-Roman) FTRECODE SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Roman 180 100 mul 1000 div 6000 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 5318 2634 0.0000 0.0000 (7) 1 0 159 OUT 3212 3339 16.0277 7.9367 (Institutional Infrastr) 22 1 3037 OUT 6246 3339 16.0277 7.9367 (uctur) 5 0 792 OUT 7033 3339 16.0277 7.9367 (e of) 4 1 550 OUT 4183 3692 15.4694 7.9367 (Academic CS&E) 13 1 2429 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Roman 100 100 mul 1000 div 3340 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 2857 6773 3.9587 4.4092 (The term �institutional infrastructure� is used here to refer to the) 68 10 5397 OUT 2540 6985 37.3740 4.4092 (institutions that have some important bearing on academic CS&E.) 63 8 5715 OUT 2540 7197 0.0000 4.1766 (Thus institutional infrastructure includes major funding agencies that) 70 7 5715 OUT 2540 7408 0.5987 4.4092 (support research, the universities that house academic CS&E, and the) 68 9 5715 OUT 2540 7620 10.0382 4.4092 (various professional organizations that provide vehicles for dissemi-) 69 7 5715 OUT 2540 7832 8.7750 4.4092 (nation of research and other support to the discipline.) 55 8 4494 OUT SURSTR true S_LOADFONT %%IncludeFont: Palatino-Bold (Palatino-Bold) FTRECODE SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Bold 100 100 mul 1000 div 3520 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 3957 8361 8.7045 4.4092 (FEDERAL AGENCIES FUNDING) 24 2 2881 OUT 3452 8572 8.7928 4.4092 (COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING) 32 3 3890 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Roman 100 100 mul 1000 div 3340 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 2857 8890 4.9264 4.4092 (An overview of federal support for CS&E was provided in Chap-) 61 10 5397 OUT 2540 9102 24.6937 4.4094 (ter 1) 5 1 391 OUT 2931 9102 24.6920 1.0583 (. A more detailed description of each major research-supporting) 64 9 5324 OUT 2540 9313 3.3403 1.0584 (agency is provided below. \(Figures cited are presented in constant 1992) 72 11 5715 OUT 2540 9525 8.8116 1.0584 (dollars and are subject to the caveats specified in Note 18, Chapter 1.\)) 72 12 5580 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Bold 100 100 mul 1000 div 3520 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 4399 10054 8.9173 4.4092 (Department of Defense) 21 2 1997 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Roman 100 100 mul 1000 div 3340 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 2857 10372 2.6776 4.4092 (The modern military is highly dependent on computers in almost) 62 9 5397 OUT 2540 10583 39.1638 4.4092 (every aspect of its responsibilities, including weapons acquisition,) 68 7 5715 OUT 2540 10795 30.2813 4.4092 (command and control, communications, intelligence, weapons con-) 63 6 5715 OUT 2540 11007 8.7514 4.4092 (trol, and administration.) 25 2 2028 OUT 2857 11218 2.2050 4.4092 (Among federal agencies, the Department of Defense is the largest) 64 9 5397 OUT 2540 11430 11.1962 4.4092 (single funder of CS&E research; historically a little over one-third of) 71 10 5715 OUT ENDPAGE %%Page: 218 2 BEGPAGE SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Italic 100 100 mul 1000 div 3320 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 2557 2134 0.0000 -0.0787 (218) 3 0 264 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Italic 80 100 mul 1000 div 2660 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 6396 2134 6.9510 3.5273 (COMPUTING THE FUTURE) 20 2 1876 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Roman 100 100 mul 1000 div 3340 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 2539 2540 4.5609 4.4092 (this money has gone to universities and colleges, making the Depart-) 68 10 5715 OUT 2539 2752 10.2573 4.4092 (ment of Defense the largest supporter of academic CS&E research as) 66 10 5715 OUT 2539 2963 18.0845 4.4092 (measured by dollar amounts. Figure 7.1 illustrates the Defense De-) 67 10 5715 OUT 2539 3175 8.8336 4.4092 (partment�s history of funding CS&E research for the last 15 years.) 66 10 5485 OUT 2857 3387 37.7837 4.4092 (Within the Department of Defense, the Defense Advanced Re-) 58 8 5397 OUT 2539 3598 30.7630 4.4092 (search Projects Agency \(DARPA\) is responsible for the majority of) 65 9 5715 OUT AD_SomethingOnPage SUsv restore true S_LOADFONT true S_LOADFONT %%IncludeFont: Helvetica-Compressed save /SUsv exch def /AD_SomethingOnPage exch def userdict /PMSAVE save put AD_PrevMatrix setmatrix %%BeginDocument: /showpage {} def 0.0025 dup scale 100 100 div dup scale 100 100 div 1440 mul 1270 div 20 mul dup 2539 mul exch 5994 mul translate 20 20 scale 0 6521 mul 345 div neg 246 4404 mul 233 div neg translate 6521 345 div 4404 233 div scale 0 246 moveto 0 479 lineto 345 479 lineto 345 246 lineto closepath clip newpath %!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0 %%Creator: Adobe Illustrator(TM) 3.2 %%For: (Station LC) (National Academy Press) %%Title: (Fig. 1-3 & 6-1) %%CreationDate: (5/5/92) (8:51 AM) -128.000000 -37.000000 translate %%BoundingBox: 128 37 587 516 %%DocumentProcessColors: Black %%PageFonts: Helvetica %%+ Helvetica-Compressed %%+ Helvetica-Oblique %%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset Adobe_packedarray 2.0 0 %%+ procset Adobe_cmykcolor 1.1 0 %%+ procset Adobe_cshow 1.1 0 %%+ procset Adobe_customcolor 1.0 0 %%+ procset Adobe_typography_AI3 1.0 1 %%+ procset Adobe_IllustratorA_AI3 1.0 1 %AI3_ColorUsage: Black&White %AI3_TemplateBox: 306 396 306 396 %AI3_TileBox: 30 31 582 761 %AI3_DocumentPreview: Macintosh_Pic %%EndComments %%BeginProlog %%BeginResource: procset Adobe_packedarray 2.0 0 %%Title: (Packed Array Operators) %%Version: 2.0 %%CreationDate: (8/2/90) () %%Copyright: ((C) 1987-1990 Adobe Systems Incorporated All Rights Reserved) userdict /Adobe_packedarray 5 dict dup begin put /initialize % - initialize - { /packedarray where { pop } { Adobe_packedarray begin Adobe_packedarray { dup xcheck { bind } if userdict 3 1 roll put } forall end } ifelse } def /terminate % - terminate - { } def /packedarray % arguments count packedarray array { array astore readonly } def /setpacking % boolean setpacking - { pop } def /currentpacking % - setpacking boolean { false } def currentdict readonly pop end %%EndResource Adobe_packedarray /initialize get exec %%BeginResource: procset Adobe_cmykcolor 1.1 0 %%Title: (CMYK Color Operators) %%Version: 1.1 %%CreationDate: (1/23/89) () %%Copyright: ((C) 1987-1990 Adobe Systems Incorporated All Rights Reserved) currentpacking true setpacking userdict /Adobe_cmykcolor 4 dict dup begin put /initialize % - initialize - { /setcmykcolor where { pop } { userdict /Adobe_cmykcolor_vars 2 dict dup begin put /_setrgbcolor /setrgbcolor load def /_currentrgbcolor /currentrgbcolor load def Adobe_cmykcolor begin Adobe_cmykcolor { dup xcheck { bind } if pop pop } forall end end Adobe_cmykcolor begin } ifelse } def /terminate % - terminate - { currentdict Adobe_cmykcolor eq { end } if } def /setcmykcolor % cyan magenta yellow black setcmykcolor - { 1 sub 4 1 roll 3 { 3 index add neg dup 0 lt { pop 0 } if 3 1 roll } repeat Adobe_cmykcolor_vars /_setrgbcolor get exec pop } def /currentcmykcolor % - currentcmykcolor cyan magenta yellow black { Adobe_cmykcolor_vars /_currentrgbcolor get exec 3 { 1 sub neg 3 1 roll } repeat 0 } def currentdict readonly pop end setpacking %%EndResource %%BeginResource: procset Adobe_cshow 1.1 0 %%Title: (cshow Operator) %%Version: 1.1 %%CreationDate: (1/23/89) () %%Copyright: ((C) 1987-1990 Adobe Systems Incorporated All Rights Reserved) currentpacking true setpacking userdict /Adobe_cshow 3 dict dup begin put /initialize % - initialize - { /cshow where { pop } { userdict /Adobe_cshow_vars 1 dict dup begin put /_cshow % - _cshow proc {} def Adobe_cshow begin Adobe_cshow { dup xcheck { bind } if userdict 3 1 roll put } forall end end } ifelse } def /terminate % - terminate - { } def /cshow % proc string cshow - { exch Adobe_cshow_vars exch /_cshow exch put { 0 0 Adobe_cshow_vars /_cshow get exec } forall } def currentdict readonly pop end setpacking %%EndResource %%BeginResource: procset Adobe_customcolor 1.0 0 %%Title: (Custom Color Operators) %%Version: 1.0 %%CreationDate: (5/9/88) () %%Copyright: ((C) 1987-1990 Adobe Systems Incorporated All Rights Reserved) currentpacking true setpacking userdict /Adobe_customcolor 5 dict dup begin put /initialize % - initialize - { /setcustomcolor where { pop } { Adobe_customcolor begin Adobe_customcolor { dup xcheck { bind } if pop pop } forall end Adobe_customcolor begin } ifelse } def /terminate % - terminate - { currentdict Adobe_customcolor eq { end } if } def /findcmykcustomcolor % cyan magenta yellow black name findcmykcustomcolor object { 5 packedarray } def /setcustomcolor % object tint setcustomcolor - { exch aload pop pop 4 { 4 index mul 4 1 roll } repeat 5 -1 roll pop setcmykcolor } def /setoverprint % boolean setoverprint - { pop } def currentdict readonly pop end setpacking %%EndResource %%BeginResource: procset Adobe_typography_AI3 1.1 0 %%Title: (Typography Operators) %%Version: 1.0 %%CreationDate:(5/31/90) () %%Copyright: ((C) 1987-1990 Adobe Systems Incorporated All Rights Reserved) currentpacking true setpacking userdict /Adobe_typography_AI3 47 dict dup begin put /initialize % - initialize - { /TZ where { pop } { Adobe_typography_AI3 begin Adobe_typography_AI3 { dup xcheck { bind } if pop pop } forall end Adobe_typography_AI3 begin } ifelse } def /terminate % - terminate - { currentdict Adobe_typography_AI3 eq { end } if } def % [ number value stream [ array for encoding modification ] modifyEncoding ==> [ modified array ] /modifyEncoding { /_tempEncode exch ddef % pointer for sequential encodings /_pntr 0 ddef { % get bottom object counttomark -1 roll % is it a mark ? dup type dup /marktype eq { % exit pop pop exit } { % ... object ... type .... % insert if a nametype /nametype eq { % insert the name at _pntr and increment pointer _tempEncode /_pntr dup load dup 3 1 roll 1 add ddef 3 -1 roll put } { % reset _pntr if it's a number /_pntr exch ddef } ifelse } ifelse } loop % return the modified encoding _tempEncode } def /TE % Set std platform encoding % (encoding pairs) TE - { StandardEncoding 256 array copy modifyEncoding /_nativeEncoding exch def } def % re-define font % expected arguments % for 'normal fonts : % [ /_Helvetica-Bold/Helvetica-Bold direction fontScript defaultEncoding TZ % % for cartographic, pictographic, and expert fonts : % [ ... number value stream ... /_Symbol/Symbol % direction fontScript defaultEncoding TZ % for blended fonts w/ default encoding : % [ /_AdobeSans_20ULig1XCond-Bold/AdobeSans % direction fontScript defaultEncoding [ w0 w1 ... wn ] TZ % for blended fonts w/ special encoding : % [ ... number value stream ... /_AdobeSans_20ULig1XCond/AdobeSans % direction fontScript defaultEncoding [ w0 w1 ... wn ] TZ /TZ { % set weight vector (if present) dup type /arraytype eq {/_wv exch def} {/_wv 0 def} ifelse % platform dependent coding flag /_useNativeEncoding exch def % pop fontScript & direction pop pop % create a new dictionary with length % equal to original dictionary length + 2 % copy all the key/value pairs except FID % call makeblended font with the weight values if _wv is an array findfont _wv type /arraytype eq {_wv makeblendedfont} if dup length 2 add dict begin % copy all the values but the FID % into the new dictionary mark exch { 1 index /FID ne { def } if cleartomark mark } forall % discard last mark pop % define FontName /FontName exch def % if no re-encoding stream is present % then if the base encoding vector of the font % is the same as StandardEncoding % and the use platform encoding flag is true % then install AI platform encoding % else leave the base encoding in effect counttomark 0 eq { 1 _useNativeEncoding eq { /Encoding _nativeEncoding def } if % clean up cleartomark } { % custom encoding to be done % start off with a copy of the font's standard encoding /Encoding load 256 array copy modifyEncoding /Encoding exch def } ifelse FontName currentdict end % register the new font definefont pop } def % text painting operators /tr % string tr ax ay string { _ax _ay 3 2 roll } def /trj % string trj cx cy fillchar ax ay string { _cx _cy _sp _ax _ay 6 5 roll } def /a0 { /Tx % text % textString Tx - { dup currentpoint 3 2 roll tr _psf newpath moveto tr _ctm _pss } ddef /Tj % justified text % textString Tj - { dup currentpoint 3 2 roll trj _pjsf newpath moveto trj _ctm _pjss } ddef } def /a1 { /Tx % text % textString Tx - { dup currentpoint 4 2 roll gsave dup currentpoint 3 2 roll tr _psf newpath moveto tr _ctm _pss grestore 3 1 roll moveto tr sp } ddef /Tj % justified text % textString Tj - { dup currentpoint 4 2 roll gsave dup currentpoint 3 2 roll trj _pjsf newpath moveto trj _ctm _pjss grestore 3 1 roll moveto tr sp } ddef } def /e0 { /Tx % text % textString Tx - { tr _psf } ddef /Tj % justified text % textString Tj - { trj _pjsf } ddef } def /e1 { /Tx % text % textString Tx - { dup currentpoint 4 2 roll gsave tr _psf grestore 3 1 roll moveto tr sp } ddef /Tj % justified text % textString Tj - { dup currentpoint 4 2 roll gsave trj _pjsf grestore 3 1 roll moveto tr sp } ddef } def /i0 { /Tx % text % textString Tx - { tr sp } ddef /Tj % justified text % textString Tj - { trj jsp } ddef } def /i1 { W N } def /o0 { /Tx % text % textString Tx - { tr sw rmoveto } ddef /Tj % justified text % textString Tj - { trj swj rmoveto } ddef } def /r0 { /Tx % text % textString Tx - { tr _ctm _pss } ddef /Tj % justified text % textString Tj - { trj _ctm _pjss } ddef } def /r1 { /Tx % text % textString Tx - { dup currentpoint 4 2 roll currentpoint gsave newpath moveto tr _ctm _pss grestore 3 1 roll moveto tr sp } ddef /Tj % justified text % textString Tj - { dup currentpoint 4 2 roll currentpoint gsave newpath moveto trj _ctm _pjss grestore 3 1 roll moveto tr sp } ddef } def % font operators % Binding /To % begin text % bindType To - { pop _ctm currentmatrix pop } def /TO % end text % TO - { Te _ctm setmatrix newpath } def % Text paths /Tp % begin text path % a b c d tx ty startPt Tp - { pop _tm astore pop _ctm setmatrix _tDict begin /W {} def /h {} def } def /TP % end text path % TP - { end iTm 0 0 moveto } def % Render mode & matrix operators /Tr % begin render % render Tr - { _render 3 le {currentpoint newpath moveto} if dup 8 eq {pop 0} {dup 9 eq {pop 1} if} ifelse dup /_render exch ddef _renderStart exch get load exec } def /iTm % internal set text matrix % - iTm - (uses _tm as implicit argument) { _ctm setmatrix _tm concat 0 _rise translate _hs 1 scale } def /Tm % set text matrix % a b c d tx ty Tm - { _tm astore pop iTm 0 0 moveto } def /Td % translate text matrix % tx ty Td - { _mtx translate _tm _tm concatmatrix pop iTm 0 0 moveto } def /Te % end render % - Te - { _render -1 eq {} {_renderEnd _render get dup null ne {load exec} {pop} ifelse} ifelse /_render -1 ddef } def % Attributes /Ta % set alignment % alignment Ta - { pop } def /Tf % set font name and size % fontname size Tf - { dup 1000 div /_fScl exch ddef exch findfont exch scalefont setfont } def /Tl % set leading % leading paragraphLeading Tl - { pop 0 exch _leading astore pop } def /Tt % set user tracking % userTracking Tt - { pop } def /TW % set word spacing % minSpace optSpace maxSpace TW - { 3 npop } def /Tw % set computed word spacing % wordSpace Tw { /_cx exch ddef } def /TC % set character spacing % minSpace optSpace maxSpace TC - { 3 npop } def /Tc % set computed char spacing % charSpace Tc - { /_ax exch ddef } def /Ts % set super/subscripting (rise) % rise Ts - { /_rise exch ddef currentpoint iTm moveto } def /Ti % set indentation % firstStartIndent otherStartIndent stopIndent Ti - { 3 npop } def /Tz % set horizontal scaling % scalePercent Tz - { 100 div /_hs exch ddef iTm } def /TA % set pairwise kerning % autoKern TA - % autoKern = 0 -> no pair kerning % = 1 -> automatic pair kerning { pop } def /Tq % set hanging quotes % hangingQuotes Tq - % hangingQuotes = 0 -> no hanging quotes % = 1 -> hanging quotes { pop } def % Text Bodies /TX {pop} def %/Tx % non-justified text % textString Tx - %/Tj % justified text % textString Tj - /Tk % kern % autoKern kernValue Tk - % autoKern = 0 -> manual kern, = 1 -> auto kern % kernValue = kern value in em/1000 space { exch pop _fScl mul neg 0 rmoveto } def /TK % non-printing kern % autoKern kernValue TK - { 2 npop } def /T* % carriage return & line feed % - T* - { _leading aload pop neg Td } def /T*- % carriage return & negative line feed % - T*- - { _leading aload pop Td } def /T- % print a discretionary hyphen % - T- - { _hyphen Tx } def /T+ % discretionary hyphen hyphen % - T+ - {} def /TR % reset pattern matrix % a b c d tx ty TR - { _ctm currentmatrix pop _tm astore pop iTm 0 0 moveto } def /TS % special chars % textString justified TS - { 0 eq {Tx} {Tj} ifelse } def currentdict readonly pop end setpacking %%EndResource %%BeginResource: procset Adobe_IllustratorA_AI3 1.0 2 %%Title: (Adobe Illustrator (R) Version 3.0 Abbreviated Prolog) %%Version: 1.0 %%CreationDate: (7/22/89) () %%Copyright: ((C) 1987-1990 Adobe Systems Incorporated All Rights Reserved) currentpacking true setpacking userdict /Adobe_IllustratorA_AI3 61 dict dup begin put % initialization /initialize % - initialize - { % 47 vars, but leave slack of 10 entries for custom Postscript fragments userdict /Adobe_IllustratorA_AI3_vars 57 dict dup begin put % paint operands /_lp /none def /_pf {} def /_ps {} def /_psf {} def /_pss {} def /_pjsf {} def /_pjss {} def /_pola 0 def /_doClip 0 def % paint operators /cf currentflat def % - cf flatness % typography operands /_tm matrix def /_renderStart [/e0 /r0 /a0 /o0 /e1 /r1 /a1 /i0] def /_renderEnd [null null null null /i1 /i1 /i1 /i1] def /_render -1 def /_rise 0 def /_ax 0 def % x character spacing (_ax, _ay, _cx, _cy follows awidthshow naming convention) /_ay 0 def % y character spacing /_cx 0 def % x word spacing /_cy 0 def % y word spacing /_leading [0 0] def /_ctm matrix def /_mtx matrix def /_sp 16#020 def /_hyphen (-) def /_fScl 0 def /_cnt 0 def /_hs 1 def /_nativeEncoding 0 def /_useNativeEncoding 0 def /_tempEncode 0 def /_pntr 0 def /_tDict 2 dict def % typography operators /Tx {} def /Tj {} def % compound path operators /CRender {} def % printing /_AI3_savepage {} def % color operands /_gf null def /_cf 4 array def /_if null def /_of false def /_fc {} def /_gs null def /_cs 4 array def /_is null def /_os false def /_sc {} def /_i null def Adobe_IllustratorA_AI3 begin Adobe_IllustratorA_AI3 { dup xcheck { bind } if pop pop } forall end end Adobe_IllustratorA_AI3 begin Adobe_IllustratorA_AI3_vars begin newpath } def /terminate % - terminate - { end end } def % definition operators /_ % - _ null null def /ddef % key value ddef - { Adobe_IllustratorA_AI3_vars 3 1 roll put } def /xput % key value literal xput - { dup load dup length exch maxlength eq { dup dup load dup length 2 mul dict copy def } if load begin def end } def /npop % integer npop - { { pop } repeat } def % marking operators /sw % ax ay string sw x y { dup length exch stringwidth exch 5 -1 roll 3 index 1 sub mul add 4 1 roll 3 1 roll 1 sub mul add } def /swj % cx cy fillchar ax ay string swj x y { dup 4 1 roll dup length exch stringwidth exch 5 -1 roll 3 index 1 sub mul add 4 1 roll 3 1 roll 1 sub mul add 6 2 roll /_cnt 0 ddef {1 index eq {/_cnt _cnt 1 add ddef} if} forall pop exch _cnt mul exch _cnt mul 2 index add 4 1 roll 2 index add 4 1 roll pop pop } def /ss % ax ay string matrix ss - { 4 1 roll { % matrix ax ay char 0 0 {proc} - 2 npop (0) exch 2 copy 0 exch put pop gsave false charpath currentpoint 4 index setmatrix stroke grestore moveto 2 copy rmoveto } exch cshow 3 npop } def /jss % cx cy fillchar ax ay string matrix jss - { 4 1 roll { % cx cy fillchar matrix ax ay char 0 0 {proc} - 2 npop (0) exch 2 copy 0 exch put gsave _sp eq { exch 6 index 6 index 6 index 5 -1 roll widthshow currentpoint } { false charpath currentpoint 4 index setmatrix stroke }ifelse grestore moveto 2 copy rmoveto } exch cshow 6 npop } def % path operators /sp % ax ay string sp - { { 2 npop (0) exch 2 copy 0 exch put pop false charpath 2 copy rmoveto } exch cshow 2 npop } def /jsp % cx cy fillchar ax ay string jsp - { { % cx cy fillchar ax ay char 0 0 {proc} - 2 npop (0) exch 2 copy 0 exch put _sp eq { exch 5 index 5 index 5 index 5 -1 roll widthshow } { false charpath }ifelse 2 copy rmoveto } exch cshow 5 npop } def % path construction operators /pl % x y pl x y { transform 0.25 sub round 0.25 add exch 0.25 sub round 0.25 add exch itransform } def /setstrokeadjust where { pop true setstrokeadjust /c % x1 y1 x2 y2 x3 y3 c - { curveto } def /C /c load def /v % x2 y2 x3 y3 v - { currentpoint 6 2 roll curveto } def /V /v load def /y % x1 y1 x2 y2 y - { 2 copy curveto } def /Y /y load def /l % x y l - { lineto } def /L /l load def /m % x y m - { moveto } def } {%else /c { pl curveto } def /C /c load def /v { currentpoint 6 2 roll pl curveto } def /V /v load def /y { pl 2 copy curveto } def /Y /y load def /l { pl lineto } def /L /l load def /m { pl moveto } def }ifelse % graphic state operators /d % array phase d - { setdash } def /cf {} def % - cf flatness /i % flatness i - { dup 0 eq { pop cf } if setflat } def /j % linejoin j - { setlinejoin } def /J % linecap J - { setlinecap } def /M % miterlimit M - { setmiterlimit } def /w % linewidth w - { setlinewidth } def % path painting operators /H % - H - {} def /h % - h - { closepath } def /N % - N - { _pola 0 eq { _doClip 1 eq {clip /_doClip 0 ddef} if newpath } { /CRender {N} ddef }ifelse } def /n % - n - {N} def /F % - F - { _pola 0 eq { _doClip 1 eq { gsave _pf grestore clip newpath /_lp /none ddef _fc /_doClip 0 ddef } { _pf }ifelse } { /CRender {F} ddef }ifelse } def /f % - f - { closepath F } def /S % - S - { _pola 0 eq { _doClip 1 eq { gsave _ps grestore clip newpath /_lp /none ddef _sc /_doClip 0 ddef } { _ps }ifelse } { /CRender {S} ddef }ifelse } def /s % - s - { closepath S } def /B % - B - { _pola 0 eq { _doClip 1 eq % F clears _doClip gsave F grestore { gsave S grestore clip newpath /_lp /none ddef _sc /_doClip 0 ddef } { S }ifelse } { /CRender {B} ddef }ifelse } def /b % - b - { closepath B } def /W % - W - { /_doClip 1 ddef } def /* % - [string] * - { count 0 ne { dup type (stringtype) eq {pop} if } if _pola 0 eq {newpath} if } def % group operators /u % - u - {} def /U % - U - {} def /q % - q - { _pola 0 eq {gsave} if } def /Q % - Q - { _pola 0 eq {grestore} if } def /*u % - *u - { _pola 1 add /_pola exch ddef } def /*U % - *U - { _pola 1 sub /_pola exch ddef _pola 0 eq {CRender} if } def /D % polarized D - {pop} def /*w % - *w - {} def /*W % - *W - {} def % place operators /` % matrix llx lly urx ury string ` - { /_i save ddef 6 1 roll 4 npop concat pop userdict begin /showpage {} def 0 setgray 0 setlinecap 1 setlinewidth 0 setlinejoin 10 setmiterlimit [] 0 setdash newpath 0 setgray false setoverprint } def /~ % - ~ - { end _i restore } def % color operators /O % flag O - { 0 ne /_of exch ddef /_lp /none ddef } def /R % flag R - { 0 ne /_os exch ddef /_lp /none ddef } def /g % gray g - { /_gf exch ddef /_fc { _lp /fill ne { _of setoverprint _gf setgray /_lp /fill ddef } if } ddef /_pf { _fc fill } ddef /_psf { _fc ashow } ddef /_pjsf { _fc awidthshow } ddef /_lp /none ddef } def /G % gray G - { /_gs exch ddef /_sc { _lp /stroke ne { _os setoverprint _gs setgray /_lp /stroke ddef } if } ddef /_ps { _sc stroke } ddef /_pss { _sc ss } ddef /_pjss { _sc jss } ddef /_lp /none ddef } def /k % cyan magenta yellow black k - { _cf astore pop /_fc { _lp /fill ne { _of setoverprint _cf aload pop setcmykcolor /_lp /fill ddef } if } ddef /_pf { _fc fill } ddef /_psf { _fc ashow } ddef /_pjsf { _fc awidthshow } ddef /_lp /none ddef } def /K % cyan magenta yellow black K - { _cs astore pop /_sc { _lp /stroke ne { _os setoverprint _cs aload pop setcmykcolor /_lp /stroke ddef } if } ddef /_ps { _sc stroke } ddef /_pss { _sc ss } ddef /_pjss { _sc jss } ddef /_lp /none ddef } def /x % cyan magenta yellow black name gray x - { /_gf exch ddef findcmykcustomcolor /_if exch ddef /_fc { _lp /fill ne { _of setoverprint _if _gf 1 exch sub setcustomcolor /_lp /fill ddef } if } ddef /_pf { _fc fill } ddef /_psf { _fc ashow } ddef /_pjsf { _fc awidthshow } ddef /_lp /none ddef } def /X % cyan magenta yellow black name gray X - { /_gs exch ddef findcmykcustomcolor /_is exch ddef /_sc { _lp /stroke ne { _os setoverprint _is _gs 1 exch sub setcustomcolor /_lp /stroke ddef } if } ddef /_ps { _sc stroke } ddef /_pss { _sc ss } ddef /_pjss { _sc jss } ddef /_lp /none ddef } def % locked object operator /A % value A - { pop } def currentdict readonly pop end setpacking % annotate page operator /annotatepage { } def %%EndResource %%EndProlog %%BeginSetup %%IncludeFont: Helvetica %%IncludeFont: Helvetica-Compressed %%IncludeFont: Helvetica-Oblique Adobe_cmykcolor /initialize get exec Adobe_cshow /initialize get exec Adobe_customcolor /initialize get exec Adobe_typography_AI3 /initialize get exec Adobe_IllustratorA_AI3 /initialize get exec [ 39/quotesingle 96/grave 128/Adieresis/Aring/Ccedilla/Eacute/Ntilde/Odieresis /Udieresis/aacute/agrave/acircumflex/adieresis/atilde/aring/ccedilla/eacute /egrave/ecircumflex/edieresis/iacute/igrave/icircumflex/idieresis/ntilde /oacute/ograve/ocircumflex/odieresis/otilde/uacute/ugrave/ucircumflex /udieresis/dagger/degree/cent/sterling/section/bullet/paragraph/germandbls /registered/copyright/trademark/acute/dieresis/.notdef/AE/Oslash /.notdef/plusminus/.notdef/.notdef/yen/mu/.notdef/.notdef /.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/ordfeminine/ordmasculine/.notdef/ae/oslash /questiondown/exclamdown/logicalnot/.notdef/florin/.notdef/.notdef /guillemotleft/guillemotright/ellipsis/.notdef/Agrave/Atilde/Otilde/OE/oe /endash/emdash/quotedblleft/quotedblright/quoteleft/quoteright/divide /.notdef/ydieresis/Ydieresis/fraction/currency/guilsinglleft/guilsinglright /fi/fl/daggerdbl/periodcentered/quotesinglbase/quotedblbase/perthousand /Acircumflex/Ecircumflex/Aacute/Edieresis/Egrave/Iacute/Icircumflex /Idieresis/Igrave/Oacute/Ocircumflex/.notdef/Ograve/Uacute/Ucircumflex /Ugrave/dotlessi/circumflex/tilde/macron/breve/dotaccent/ring/cedilla /hungarumlaut/ogonek/caron TE %AI3_BeginEncoding: _Helvetica Helvetica [/_Helvetica/Helvetica 0 0 1 TZ %AI3_EndEncoding AdobeType %AI3_BeginEncoding: _Helvetica-Compressed Helvetica-Compressed [/_Helvetica-Compressed/Helvetica-Compressed 0 0 1 TZ %AI3_EndEncoding AdobeType %AI3_BeginEncoding: _Helvetica-Oblique Helvetica-Oblique [/_Helvetica-Oblique/Helvetica-Oblique 0 0 1 TZ %AI3_EndEncoding AdobeType %%EndSetup 0 A 0 To 0.8574 0 0 0.8574 341.7735 451.0724 0 Tp TP -65.3179 0 Td 0 Tr 0 O 0 g 0 i 0 J 0 j 1 w 4 M []0 d %AI3_Note: 0 D /_Helvetica-Oblique 9.3308 Tf 0 Ts 100 Tz 0 Tt 0 TA 0 0 5 TC 100 100 200 TW 0 0 0 Ti 2 Ta 0 Tq 10.4971 0 Tl 0 Tc 0 Tw (To all recipients) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 To 0 0.8574 -0.8574 0 136.7187 403.6351 0 Tp TP -62.4008 0 Td 0 Tr /_Helvetica 10.4971 Tf 1 Ta 11.6635 0 Tl (Millions of FY 1992 Dollars) Tx (\r) TX TO u 0 R 0 G 0.5 w 461.0025 314.0392 m 461.0025 511.0997 L 171.8098 511.0997 L 171.8098 314.0392 L 461.0025 314.0392 L s 316.4062 412.5694 m S U 172.0231 472.7113 m 179.061 472.7113 l S 172.0231 432.6167 m 179.061 432.6167 l S 172.0231 393.3752 m 179.061 393.3752 l S 172.0231 354.1337 m 179.061 354.1337 l S 171.8098 369.0625 m 191.8571 371.1952 l 210.1982 372.4748 l 229.819 375.0341 l 248.5867 386.124 l 267.3543 381.4321 l 305.7427 408.7306 l 326.2165 401.0529 l 344.1311 438.5882 l 363.3254 453.9436 l 382.9461 444.9863 l 402.1403 443.2801 l 420.908 460.3416 l 440.5287 476.9128 l 461.0025 485.9339 l S [7 2 ]0 d 171.8098 325.1292 m 190.5775 328.968 l 210.6248 330.2476 l 229.3925 334.513 l 249.0132 328.5415 l 266.9278 334.9395 l 286.9751 338.3518 l 306.1693 348.1622 l 324.9369 348.1622 l 344.1311 363.9441 l 363.3254 370.7687 l 382.5196 365.2237 l 402.9934 367.3564 l 421.3345 375.8872 l 441.1318 380.8498 l 461.0025 384.4179 l S []0 d 190.8029 314.038 m 190.8029 319.1822 l S 210.2008 314.038 m 210.2008 317.0572 l S 0 To 0.8574 0 0 0.8574 189.7008 304.3926 0 Tp TP -10.3741 0 Td 0 Tr 0 O 0 g 1 w /_Helvetica 9.3308 Tf 10.4971 0 Tl (1977) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 R 0 G 0.5 w 229.5987 314.038 m 229.5987 319.1822 l S 248.9967 314.038 m 248.9967 317.0572 l S 0 To 0.8574 0 0 0.8574 229.4967 304.3926 0 Tp TP -10.3741 0 Td 0 Tr 0 O 0 g 1 w (1979) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 R 0 G 0.5 w 267.9659 314.038 m 267.9659 319.1822 l S 286.9351 314.038 m 286.9351 317.0572 l S 0 To 0.8574 0 0 0.8574 267.4351 304.3926 0 Tp TP -10.3741 0 Td 0 Tr 0 O 0 g 1 w (1981) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 R 0 G 0.5 w 306.2259 314.038 m 306.2259 319.1822 l S 325.8382 314.038 m 325.8382 317.0572 l S 345.2361 314.038 m 345.2361 319.1822 l S 364.634 314.038 m 364.634 317.0572 l S 0 To 0.8574 0 0 0.8574 345.134 304.3926 0 Tp TP -10.3741 0 Td 0 Tr 0 O 0 g 1 w (1985) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 R 0 G 0.5 w 384.0319 314.038 m 384.0319 319.1822 l S 403.4299 314.038 m 403.4299 317.0572 l S 0 To 0.8574 0 0 0.8574 383.9299 304.3926 0 Tp TP -10.3741 0 Td 0 Tr 0 O 0 g 1 w (1987) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 R 0 G 0.5 w 422.8278 314.038 m 422.8278 319.1822 l S 442.2257 314.038 m 442.2257 317.0572 l S 0 To 0.8574 0 0 0.8574 423.2257 304.3926 0 Tp TP -10.3741 0 Td 0 Tr 0 O 0 g 1 w (1989) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 To 0.8574 0 0 0.8574 460.8736 304.3926 0 Tp TP -10.3741 0 Td 0 Tr (1991) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 To 0.8574 0 0 0.8574 315.7992 285.9114 0 Tp TP -26.2427 0 Td 0 Tr /_Helvetica 10.4971 Tf 11.6635 0 Tl (Fiscal Year) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 To 0.8574 0 0 0.8574 306.634 304.3926 0 Tp TP -10.3741 0 Td 0 Tr /_Helvetica 9.3308 Tf 10.4971 0 Tl (1983) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 To 0.8574 0 0 0.8574 167.4397 310.3946 0 Tp TP -5.1871 0 Td 0 Tr 2 Ta (0) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 To 0.8574 0 0 0.8574 167.4397 350.8946 0 Tp TP -15.5612 0 Td 0 Tr (100) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 To 0.8574 0 0 0.8574 167.4397 389.8946 0 Tp TP -15.5612 0 Td 0 Tr (200) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 To 0.8574 0 0 0.8574 167.4397 429.3946 0 Tp TP -15.5612 0 Td 0 Tr (300) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 To 0.8574 0 0 0.8574 167.4397 468.8946 0 Tp TP -15.5612 0 Td 0 Tr (400) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 To 0.8574 0 0 0.8574 167.4397 507.8946 0 Tp TP -15.5612 0 Td 0 Tr (500) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 To 0.8574 0 0 0.8574 330.7892 359.8401 0 Tp TP -53.9209 0 Td 0 Tr /_Helvetica-Oblique 9.3308 Tf (To academia) Tx (\r) TX TO u 171.8567 370.6876 m 170.9778 370.6876 170.2652 369.975 170.2652 369.0962 c 170.2652 368.2173 170.9778 367.5047 171.8567 367.5047 c 172.7356 367.5047 173.4481 368.2173 173.4481 369.0962 c 173.4481 369.975 172.7356 370.6876 171.8567 370.6876 c f 171.8567 369.0962 m F U u 1 g 0 R 0 G 0.5 w 170.1718 326.8608 m 170.1718 323.3992 L 173.6334 323.3992 L 173.6334 326.8608 L 170.1718 326.8608 L b 171.9026 325.13 m B U u 0 g 1 w 191.9192 372.6876 m 191.0403 372.6876 190.3277 371.975 190.3277 371.0962 c 190.3277 370.2173 191.0403 369.5047 191.9192 369.5047 c 192.7981 369.5047 193.5106 370.2173 193.5106 371.0962 c 193.5106 371.975 192.7981 372.6876 191.9192 372.6876 c f 191.9192 371.0962 m F U u 210.9817 374.1251 m 210.1028 374.1251 209.3902 373.4125 209.3902 372.5337 c 209.3902 371.6548 210.1028 370.9422 210.9817 370.9422 c 211.8606 370.9422 212.5731 371.6548 212.5731 372.5337 c 212.5731 373.4125 211.8606 374.1251 210.9817 374.1251 c f 210.9817 372.5337 m F U u 230.2942 376.9376 m 229.4153 376.9376 228.7027 376.225 228.7027 375.3462 c 228.7027 374.4673 229.4153 373.7547 230.2942 373.7547 c 231.1731 373.7547 231.8856 374.4673 231.8856 375.3462 c 231.8856 376.225 231.1731 376.9376 230.2942 376.9376 c f 230.2942 375.3462 m F U u 248.5442 387.6251 m 247.6653 387.6251 246.9527 386.9125 246.9527 386.0337 c 246.9527 385.1548 247.6653 384.4422 248.5442 384.4422 c 249.4231 384.4422 250.1356 385.1548 250.1356 386.0337 c 250.1356 386.9125 249.4231 387.6251 248.5442 387.6251 c f 248.5442 386.0337 m F U u 267.6692 383.1251 m 266.7903 383.1251 266.0777 382.4125 266.0777 381.5337 c 266.0777 380.6548 266.7903 379.9422 267.6692 379.9422 c 268.5481 379.9422 269.2606 380.6548 269.2606 381.5337 c 269.2606 382.4125 268.5481 383.1251 267.6692 383.1251 c f 267.6692 381.5337 m F U u 287.3567 397.0626 m 286.4778 397.0626 285.7652 396.35 285.7652 395.4712 c 285.7652 394.5923 286.4778 393.8797 287.3567 393.8797 c 288.2356 393.8797 288.9481 394.5923 288.9481 395.4712 c 288.9481 396.35 288.2356 397.0626 287.3567 397.0626 c f 287.3567 395.4712 m F U u 305.8567 410.2501 m 304.9778 410.2501 304.2652 409.5375 304.2652 408.6587 c 304.2652 407.7798 304.9778 407.0672 305.8567 407.0672 c 306.7356 407.0672 307.4481 407.7798 307.4481 408.6587 c 307.4481 409.5375 306.7356 410.2501 305.8567 410.2501 c f 305.8567 408.6587 m F U u 326.1692 402.6876 m 325.2903 402.6876 324.5777 401.975 324.5777 401.0962 c 324.5777 400.2173 325.2903 399.5047 326.1692 399.5047 c 327.0481 399.5047 327.7606 400.2173 327.7606 401.0962 c 327.7606 401.975 327.0481 402.6876 326.1692 402.6876 c f 326.1692 401.0962 m F U u 344.2942 440.2501 m 343.4153 440.2501 342.7027 439.5375 342.7027 438.6587 c 342.7027 437.7798 343.4153 437.0672 344.2942 437.0672 c 345.1731 437.0672 345.8856 437.7798 345.8856 438.6587 c 345.8856 439.5375 345.1731 440.2501 344.2942 440.2501 c f 344.2942 438.6587 m F U u 363.4192 455.4376 m 362.5403 455.4376 361.8277 454.725 361.8277 453.8462 c 361.8277 452.9673 362.5403 452.2547 363.4192 452.2547 c 364.2981 452.2547 365.0106 452.9673 365.0106 453.8462 c 365.0106 454.725 364.2981 455.4376 363.4192 455.4376 c f 363.4192 453.8462 m F U u 383.2317 446.5626 m 382.3528 446.5626 381.6402 445.85 381.6402 444.9712 c 381.6402 444.0923 382.3528 443.3797 383.2317 443.3797 c 384.1106 443.3797 384.8231 444.0923 384.8231 444.9712 c 384.8231 445.85 384.1106 446.5626 383.2317 446.5626 c f 383.2317 444.9712 m F U u 402.1067 444.8126 m 401.2278 444.8126 400.5152 444.1 400.5152 443.2212 c 400.5152 442.3423 401.2278 441.6297 402.1067 441.6297 c 402.9856 441.6297 403.6981 442.3423 403.6981 443.2212 c 403.6981 444.1 402.9856 444.8126 402.1067 444.8126 c f 402.1067 443.2212 m F U u 421.0442 461.6876 m 420.1653 461.6876 419.4527 460.975 419.4527 460.0962 c 419.4527 459.2173 420.1653 458.5047 421.0442 458.5047 c 421.9231 458.5047 422.6356 459.2173 422.6356 460.0962 c 422.6356 460.975 421.9231 461.6876 421.0442 461.6876 c f 421.0442 460.0962 m F U u 440.5442 478.5626 m 439.6653 478.5626 438.9527 477.85 438.9527 476.9712 c 438.9527 476.0923 439.6653 475.3797 440.5442 475.3797 c 441.4231 475.3797 442.1356 476.0923 442.1356 476.9712 c 442.1356 477.85 441.4231 478.5626 440.5442 478.5626 c f 440.5442 476.9712 m F U u 460.7942 487.2501 m 459.9153 487.2501 459.2027 486.5375 459.2027 485.6587 c 459.2027 484.7798 459.9153 484.0672 460.7942 484.0672 c 461.6731 484.0672 462.3856 484.7798 462.3856 485.6587 c 462.3856 486.5375 461.6731 487.2501 460.7942 487.2501 c f 460.7942 485.6587 m F U u 1 g 0 R 0 G 0.5 w 189.7343 330.7358 m 189.7343 327.2742 L 193.1959 327.2742 L 193.1959 330.7358 L 189.7343 330.7358 L b 191.4651 329.005 m B U u 209.1093 331.9233 m 209.1093 328.4617 L 212.5709 328.4617 L 212.5709 331.9233 L 209.1093 331.9233 L b 210.8401 330.1925 m B U u 227.7343 336.1733 m 227.7343 332.7117 L 231.1959 332.7117 L 231.1959 336.1733 L 227.7343 336.1733 L b 229.4651 334.4425 m B U u 247.3593 330.2983 m 247.3593 326.8367 L 250.8209 326.8367 L 250.8209 330.2983 L 247.3593 330.2983 L b 249.0901 328.5675 m B U u 265.6718 336.7358 m 265.6718 333.2742 L 269.1334 333.2742 L 269.1334 336.7358 L 265.6718 336.7358 L b 267.4026 335.005 m B U u 285.4843 340.1733 m 285.4843 336.7117 L 288.9459 336.7117 L 288.9459 340.1733 L 285.4843 340.1733 L b 287.2151 338.4425 m B U u 304.5468 349.9858 m 304.5468 346.5242 L 308.0084 346.5242 L 308.0084 349.9858 L 304.5468 349.9858 L b 306.2776 348.255 m B U u 323.4843 349.9858 m 323.4843 346.5242 L 326.9459 346.5242 L 326.9459 349.9858 L 323.4843 349.9858 L b 325.2151 348.255 m B U u 343.0468 365.9233 m 343.0468 362.4617 L 346.5084 362.4617 L 346.5084 365.9233 L 343.0468 365.9233 L b 344.7776 364.1925 m B U u 361.7343 372.4858 m 361.7343 369.0242 L 365.1959 369.0242 L 365.1959 372.4858 L 361.7343 372.4858 L b 363.4651 370.755 m B U u 381.1093 366.9233 m 381.1093 363.4617 L 384.5709 363.4617 L 384.5709 366.9233 L 381.1093 366.9233 L b 382.8401 365.1925 m B U u 401.0468 369.0483 m 401.0468 365.5867 L 404.5084 365.5867 L 404.5084 369.0483 L 401.0468 369.0483 L b 402.7776 367.3175 m B U u 419.6718 377.6108 m 419.6718 374.1492 L 423.1334 374.1492 L 423.1334 377.6108 L 419.6718 377.6108 L b 421.4026 375.88 m B U u 439.4843 382.6733 m 439.4843 379.2117 L 442.9459 379.2117 L 442.9459 382.6733 L 439.4843 382.6733 L b 441.2151 380.9425 m B U u 459.1718 386.0483 m 459.1718 382.5867 L 462.6334 382.5867 L 462.6334 386.0483 L 459.1718 386.0483 L b 460.9026 384.3175 m B U 0 To 1 0 0 1 574.1035 40.5234 0 Tp TP -163.3828 0 Td 0 Tr 0 g 1 w /_Helvetica-Compressed 12 Tf 13 0 Tl (#5722 \245 Fig. 1-3 & 6-1 \245 2nd Proof) Tx (\r) TX TO %%PageTrailer gsave annotatepage grestore showpage %%Trailer Adobe_IllustratorA_AI3 /terminate get exec Adobe_typography_AI3 /terminate get exec Adobe_customcolor /terminate get exec Adobe_cshow /terminate get exec Adobe_cmykcolor /terminate get exec Adobe_packedarray /terminate get exec %%EOF clear userdict /PMSAVE get restore S_PSCRIPT %%EndDocument SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Roman 90 100 mul 1000 div 3000 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 2539 8226 22.6894 3.9685 (FIGURE 7.1) 10 1 890 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Roman 90 100 mul 1000 div 3000 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 3588 8226 22.6894 3.9683 (Department of Defense obligations for research for computer) 59 7 4666 OUT 2539 8420 9.9792 3.9683 (science \(basic and applied\), FY 1976 to FY 1991, in constant FY 1992 dollars.) 77 13 5715 OUT 2539 8614 9.2735 3.9683 (SOURCE: Basic data \(in then-year dollars\) for all recipients taken from ) 73 12 5421 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Italic 90 100 mul 1000 div 3000 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 7960 8614 0.0000 3.9684 (Fed-) 4 0 294 OUT 2539 8808 37.9226 3.9683 (eral Funds for Research and Development \(Federal Obligations for Research by) 76 10 5715 OUT 2539 9002 7.7889 3.9683 (Agency and Detailed Field of Science/Engineering: Fiscal Years 1969-1990\)) 74 9 5246 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Roman 90 100 mul 1000 div 3000 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 7785 9002 7.7895 3.9682 (, Divi-) 7 1 469 OUT 2539 9196 11.4828 3.9683 (sion of Science Resource Studies, National Science Foundation. Data for FY) 75 11 5715 OUT 2539 9390 20.6513 3.9683 (1990 taken from ) 16 3 1292 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Italic 90 100 mul 1000 div 3000 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 3831 9390 20.6513 3.9683 (Federal Funds for Research and Development: FY 1989, 1990,) 59 9 4423 OUT 2539 9584 26.6027 3.9682 (and 1991,) 9 1 697 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Roman 90 100 mul 1000 div 3000 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 3236 9584 26.6045 3.9684 ( National Science Foundation, NSF 90-327. Data for FY 1991 are) 63 11 5018 OUT 2539 9778 16.1153 3.9683 (preliminary and were supplied to the committee by the Division of Science) 73 11 5715 OUT 2539 9973 2.1171 3.9683 (Resource Studies, National Science Foundation. Basic data \(in then-year dol-) 77 10 5715 OUT 2539 10167 2.5398 3.9684 (lars\) for academia taken from ) 30 5 2239 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Italic 90 100 mul 1000 div 3000 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 4778 10167 2.5398 3.9683 (Federal Funds for Research and Development \(Fed-) 48 6 3476 OUT 2539 10361 12.2462 3.9683 (eral Obligations for Research to Universities and Colleges by Agency and Detailed) 81 11 5715 OUT 2539 10555 22.0937 3.9683 (Field of Science/Engineering: Fiscal Years 1969-1990\),) 55 6 3890 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Roman 90 100 mul 1000 div 3000 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 6429 10555 22.0931 3.9684 ( Division of Science Re-) 24 4 1825 OUT 2539 10749 2.7949 3.9683 (source Studies, National Science Foundation. Figures include both �comput-) 75 9 5715 OUT 2539 10943 29.4823 3.9683 (er science� and �mathematics and computer science, not elsewhere classi-) 72 9 5715 OUT 2539 11137 0.0000 1.8185 (fied.� Constant dollars calculated from GNP deflators used in National Science) 79 11 5715 OUT 2539 11331 12.8463 3.9684 (Foundation, ) 12 1 956 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Italic 90 100 mul 1000 div 3000 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 3495 11331 12.8463 3.9683 (Science and Engineering Indicators, 1991,) 41 4 2921 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Roman 90 100 mul 1000 div 3000 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 6416 11331 12.8463 3.9683 ( NSF, Washington, D.C.,) 23 3 1838 OUT 2539 11525 8.0446 3.9683 (1991, Table 4-1.) 16 2 1150 OUT ENDPAGE %%Page: 219 3 BEGPAGE SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Italic 80 100 mul 1000 div 2660 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 2540 2134 6.9905 3.5273 (INSTITUTIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE OF ACADEMIC CS&E) 45 4 4016 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Italic 100 100 mul 1000 div 3320 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 7991 2134 0.0000 -0.0787 (219) 3 0 264 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Roman 100 100 mul 1000 div 3340 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 2540 2540 16.3935 4.4092 (CS&E research. Other important roles are played by the science of-) 67 11 5715 OUT 2540 2752 24.4770 4.4092 (fices of the various services, the Office of the Secretary of Defense,) 70 11 5715 OUT 2540 2963 8.7461 4.4092 (and the National Security Agency.) 33 4 2858 OUT 2857 3175 9.3912 4.4092 (The influence of DARPA on CS&E has been pervasive. Founded) 59 10 5397 OUT 2540 3387 5.8751 4.4092 (in 1958 to promote research in fields of military interest, DARPA has) 69 11 5715 OUT 2540 3598 16.9270 4.4092 (been directly involved in supporting time-sharing \(1960s\), networks) 67 7 5715 OUT 2540 3810 14.4653 4.4092 (\(late 1960s to mid-1980s\), artificial intelligence \(1970 to present\), ad-) 73 9 5715 OUT 2540 4022 34.6274 4.4092 (vanced computer architectures and very-large-scale-integration cir-) 67 5 5715 OUT 2540 4233 8.7696 4.4092 (cuitry \(1970 to present\), and graphics \(mid-1960s\).) 51 6 4176 OUT 2857 4445 4.6141 4.4092 (In recent years, the major areas of CS&E concern to DARPA have) 62 11 5397 OUT 2540 4657 13.9053 4.4092 (included high-performance computing, networks, software, artificial) 67 5 5715 OUT 2540 4868 6.0131 4.4092 (intelligence \(AI\), and applications of these areas. DARPA divides its) 70 10 5715 OUT 2540 5080 17.0402 4.4092 (overall computing program into science \(including machine transla-) 66 7 5715 OUT 2540 5292 0.0000 4.4082 (t) 1 0 62 OUT 2602 5292 24.9277 1.0584 (ion, scalable software libraries for high-performance computing, soft-) 70 7 5653 OUT 2540 5503 0.0000 1.0588 (ware) 4 0 394 OUT 2934 5503 1.3208 4.4092 ( understanding for the future\), technology \(including speech un-) 64 8 5321 OUT 2540 5715 0.0000 2.4607 (derstanding, knowledge representation, embedded microsystems\), and) 66 5 5715 OUT 2540 5927 19.5142 4.4092 (applications \(including image understanding, natural language pro-) 66 6 5715 OUT 2540 6138 8.9872 4.4092 (cessing, transportation planning\).) 34 2 2783 OUT 2857 6350 1.5848 4.4092 (DARPA has long had a reputation for supporting high-risk, high-) 63 9 5397 OUT 2540 6562 5.1056 4.4092 (gain research in pursuit of military applications. Its style of research) 73 11 5715 OUT 2540 6773 11.6190 4.4092 (support is highly proactive in that DARPA identifies areas of poten-) 68 10 5715 OUT 2540 6985 0.8249 4.4092 (tial interest for military needs and orients its research support mostly) 72 10 5715 OUT 2540 7197 2.2718 4.4092 (toward experimental and prototype system development. Individual) 65 7 5715 OUT 2540 7408 15.0695 4.4092 (program managers have been highly influential, both in articulating) 67 8 5715 OUT 2540 7620 6.0817 4.4092 (areas of need and in stimulating the CS&E community to be interest-) 67 11 5715 OUT 2540 7832 6.2415 4.4092 (ed in these areas. Thus DARPA has often played a key role in defin-) 68 14 5715 OUT 2540 8043 8.8979 4.4092 (ing research agendas for the CS&E field.) 40 6 3367 OUT 2857 8255 27.7367 4.4092 (In the past, DARPA tended to concentrate its support in a few) 61 11 5397 OUT 2540 8467 18.9153 4.4092 (selected institutions, thereby creating an infrastructure of centers of) 71 8 5715 OUT 2540 8678 27.8390 4.4092 (excellence with critical masses of interested and active researchers.) 69 8 5715 OUT 2540 8890 20.9023 4.4092 (However, since the mid-1980s DARPA has been required to engage) 62 9 5715 OUT 2540 9102 43.1815 4.4092 (in competitive procurement practices, even for the award of con-) 64 9 5715 OUT 2540 9313 8.6725 4.4092 (tracts for basic research. This requirement has broadened somewhat) 67 9 5715 OUT 2540 9525 32.1658 4.4092 (the number of institutions receiving DARPA funding in CS&E but) 62 9 5715 OUT 2540 9737 27.2884 4.4092 (has also increased the administrative burdens \(e.g., by insisting on) 68 9 5715 OUT 2540 9948 34.8303 4.4092 (more precise definition of deliverables than before\) on established) 67 8 5715 OUT 2540 10160 24.8987 4.4092 (centers even though they may have demonstrated records of excel-) 64 9 5715 OUT 2540 10372 8.6190 4.4092 (lence and success.) 18 2 1496 OUT 2857 10583 20.7081 4.4092 (Other agencies within the Department of Defense fill somewhat) 61 8 5397 OUT 2540 10795 16.0088 4.4092 (more specialized niches. For example, the Office of Naval Research) 67 10 5715 OUT 2540 11007 16.8744 4.4092 (\(ONR\), the Air Force Office of Scientific Research \(AFOSR\), and the) 67 10 5715 OUT 2540 11218 7.6380 4.4092 (Army Research Office \(ARO\) fund small but important research pro-) 65 9 5715 OUT 2540 11430 19.0903 4.4092 (grams in CS&E. In contrast to DARPA�s emphasis on experimental) 63 10 5715 OUT ENDPAGE %%Page: 220 4 BEGPAGE SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Italic 100 100 mul 1000 div 3320 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 2557 2134 0.0000 -0.0787 (220) 3 0 264 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Italic 80 100 mul 1000 div 2660 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 6396 2134 6.9510 3.5273 (COMPUTING THE FUTURE) 20 2 1876 OUT 0. 0. 10795. 13970. true PBEGIN 0. 0. LW 90. PTINT 2548. 6430. 8245. 11527. PRECT 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) PCOLOR PPAINT PRESETTINT 9. 9. LW 2539. 6421. 8254. 11536. PRECT 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) PCOLOR PFRAME PRESETTINT PEND SURSTR true S_LOADFONT %%IncludeFont: Optima (Optima) FTRECODE SUSAVE /|______Optima 90 100 mul 1000 div 2820 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 3548 6815 8.7942 4.4101 (BOX 7.1 EARLY CATALYSTS FOR COMPUTING:) 40 7 3700 OUT 3323 7009 8.8039 4.4101 (A HISTORIC ASIDE ABOUT ONR AND THE AIR FORCE) 44 8 4150 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Optima 90 100 mul 1000 div 2820 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 3016 7397 1.8168 4.4101 (The Office of Naval Research \(ONR\) played a key role in the devel-) 66 12 4921 OUT 2857 7591 17.0942 4.4101 (opment of the stored-program electronic computer in the late 1940s) 66 9 5080 OUT 2857 7785 27.1719 4.4101 (and early 1950s. Indeed, the Whirlwind computer was one of the) 63 11 5080 OUT 2857 7979 8.4373 4.4101 (first computers to operate in real time, and it became a forerunner of) 70 12 5080 OUT 2857 8173 13.1479 4.4101 (modern process control and embedded computing systems. Another) 63 8 5080 OUT 2857 8367 9.7510 4.4101 (ONR-sponsored project, the IAS program, directed by John von Neu-) 65 9 5080 OUT 2857 8561 36.4501 4.4101 (mann, developed the foundations for serial computer architectures) 65 7 5080 OUT 2857 8755 8.7512 4.4101 (that remain in wide use today.) 30 5 2245 OUT 3016 8949 27.5146 4.4101 (The Air Force also played an important role in the early days of) 64 12 4921 OUT 2857 9143 34.6029 4.4101 (computing. For example, its Semi-Automatic Ground Environment) 62 7 5080 OUT 2857 9338 44.0829 4.4101 (\(SAGE\) system for air defense was the first large-scale distributed) 67 9 5080 OUT 2857 9532 7.3210 4.4101 (computer system and one of the first to make use of computer graph-) 67 12 5080 OUT 2857 9726 0.3697 4.4101 (ics, data communications, and timesharing. In addition, the Air Force) 70 10 5080 OUT 2857 9920 32.9701 4.4101 (has been instrumental in supporting computer-aided manufacturing) 64 6 5080 OUT 2857 10114 0.0000 4.3881 (technologies.) 13 0 961 OUT 2857 10502 36.5761 4.4101 (SOURCES: Mina Rees, �The Computing Program of the Office of) 60 10 5080 OUT 2857 10696 17.5265 4.4100 (Naval Research, 1946-1953,� ) 28 3 2249 OUT SURSTR true S_LOADFONT %%IncludeFont: Optima-Oblique (Optima-Oblique) FTRECODE SUSAVE /|______Optima-Oblique 90 100 mul 1000 div 2820 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 5106 10696 17.5265 4.4101 (Communications of the ACM,) 26 3 2205 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Optima 90 100 mul 1000 div 2820 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 7311 10696 17.5259 4.4104 ( Volume) 7 1 626 OUT 2857 10890 24.1307 4.4101 (30\(10\), October 1987, pp. 830-848; and Kenneth Flamm, ) 54 8 4410 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Optima-Oblique 90 100 mul 1000 div 2820 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 7267 10890 0.0000 4.4100 (Targeting) 9 0 670 OUT 2857 11084 10.8653 4.4102 (the Computer, ) 14 2 1107 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Optima 90 100 mul 1000 div 2820 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 3964 11084 10.8653 4.4101 (The Brookings Institution, Washington, D.C., 1987, p.) 53 6 3973 OUT 2857 11278 0.0000 4.3415 (49.) 3 0 229 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Roman 100 100 mul 1000 div 3340 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 2539 2540 3.2476 4.4092 (and prototype work, these offices tend to emphasize relatively small-) 69 9 5715 OUT 2539 2752 1.0922 4.4092 (scale concept and algorithm development oriented toward the funda-) 66 8 5715 OUT 2539 2963 3.2438 4.4092 (mental science that will underlie future military applications. Rather) 71 9 5715 OUT 2539 3175 17.9445 4.4092 (than covering CS&E comprehensively, their research portfolios thus) 66 7 5715 OUT 2539 3387 16.4948 4.4092 (depend strongly on judgments about what these future applications) 65 8 5715 OUT 2539 3598 3.5753 4.4092 (will entail. The early ONR and the AFOSR had a tremendous impact) 65 12 5715 OUT 2539 3810 8.8263 4.4092 (on the development of computers in the 1940s and 1950s \(Box 7.1\).) 65 11 5551 OUT 2857 4022 12.1589 4.4092 (Budgets for CS&E research within these offices are about 5 to 10) 64 11 5397 OUT 2539 4233 9.3503 4.4092 (percent that of DARPA. The ONR research program includes activi-) 65 10 5715 OUT 2539 4445 1.9041 4.4092 (ties in software design and construction, distributed and parallel sys-) 71 9 5715 OUT 2539 4657 22.9824 4.4092 (tems, database systems, AI and robotics, real-time computing, fault) 67 8 5715 OUT 2539 4868 30.5300 4.4092 (tolerance, high-performance computing, and secure computing. In) 64 7 5715 OUT 2539 5080 9.1452 4.4092 (the near future, ONR expects to focus on dependable multicomputer) 65 9 5715 OUT 2539 5292 0.3222 4.4092 (systems, mathematical logics for programming languages, case-based) 66 6 5715 OUT 2539 5503 42.0785 4.4092 (reasoning, massively parallel computing for the physical sciences,) 66 7 5715 OUT 2539 5715 26.8402 4.4092 (algorithmic structural complexity, and visual processing. AFOSR�s) 66 7 5715 OUT 2539 5927 17.1475 4.4092 (scientific program includes a variety of mathematical areas of inter-) 69 9 5715 OUT ENDPAGE %%Page: 221 5 BEGPAGE SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Italic 80 100 mul 1000 div 2660 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 2540 2134 6.9905 3.5273 (INSTITUTIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE OF ACADEMIC CS&E) 45 4 4016 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Italic 100 100 mul 1000 div 3320 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 7991 2134 0.0000 -0.0787 (221) 3 0 264 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Roman 100 100 mul 1000 div 3340 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 2540 2540 23.5769 4.4092 (est \(e.g., dynamics, control theory, statistics, and signal processing\)) 71 8 5715 OUT 2540 2752 5.3772 4.4092 (and fundamental computer science as well. The ARO supports work) 64 10 5715 OUT 2540 2963 4.8371 4.4092 (on high-performance computing, intelligent systems, artificial intelli-) 71 6 5715 OUT 2540 3175 9.0292 4.4092 (gence, and software.) 20 2 1701 OUT 2857 3387 15.1185 4.4092 (The Office of the Secretary of Defense \(OSD\) is the umbrella su-) 64 11 5397 OUT 2540 3598 11.2041 4.4092 (pervisory body for projects that do not fall within the jurisdiction of) 71 11 5715 OUT 2540 3810 35.6929 4.4092 (any existing body within the Department of Defense \(DOD\). The) 62 10 5715 OUT 2540 4022 24.1737 4.4092 (OSD \(or its historical predecessor\) has supported a variety of com-) 67 10 5715 OUT 2540 4233 12.7807 4.4092 (puter-related R&D efforts over the last several decades.) 56 7 4651 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Roman 70 100 mul 1000 div 2340 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 7191 4174 0.0000 3.0876 (1) 1 0 65 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Roman 100 100 mul 1000 div 3340 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 7287 4233 12.7805 4.4091 ( In the late) 13 4 968 OUT 2540 4445 7.4849 4.4092 (1950s, a DOD task force designed the specifications for Cobol, which) 68 10 5715 OUT 2540 4657 18.4563 4.4092 (ultimately became the standard language for business and commer-) 64 8 5715 OUT 2540 4868 29.3209 4.4092 (cial applications. More recently, the DOD initiated and supported) 66 9 5715 OUT 2540 5080 31.9398 4.4092 (the development of Ada, a programming language prompted by a) 60 9 5715 OUT 2540 5292 5.4815 4.4092 (defense-establishment-wide concern about the proliferation of differ-) 69 6 5715 OUT 2540 5503 27.2289 4.4092 (ent computer languages and the increasing dependence of the U.S.) 64 9 5715 OUT 2540 5715 26.8254 4.4092 (military on computers. In 1984, the DOD established the Software) 65 10 5715 OUT 2540 5927 2.9514 4.4092 (Technology for Adaptable Reliable Systems \(STARS\) program to pro-) 65 8 5715 OUT 2540 6138 37.7059 4.4092 (mote better software practice in both the military and the private) 66 10 5715 OUT 2540 6350 0.0000 4.3613 (sectors.) 8 0 610 OUT 2857 6562 2.3058 4.4092 (Currently, the OSD \(through the Office of the Director of Defense) 65 10 5397 OUT 2540 6773 28.0997 4.4092 (Research and Engineering\) has begun to develop a software action) 64 9 5715 OUT 2540 6985 9.4561 4.4092 (plan to �develop and implement integrated technology and manage-) 64 8 5715 OUT 2540 7197 3.1438 4.4092 (ment plans to ensure more cost-effective software support.�) 59 7 4944 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Roman 70 100 mul 1000 div 2340 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 7484 7138 0.0000 3.0882 (2) 1 0 65 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Roman 100 100 mul 1000 div 3340 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 7580 7197 3.1439 4.4091 ( In con-) 9 3 675 OUT 2540 7408 25.3620 4.4092 (junction with the management initiatives of this plan, the Software) 67 9 5715 OUT 2540 7620 24.3228 4.4092 (Technology Strategy is intended to reduce equivalent software life-) 67 8 5715 OUT 2540 7832 19.9473 4.4092 (cycle costs by a factor of two and to reduce software problem rates) 67 12 5715 OUT 2540 8043 3.0832 4.4092 (by a factor of ten by the year 2000, as well as to achieve new levels of) 72 16 5715 OUT 2540 8255 9.0187 4.4092 (mission capability.) 19 1 1555 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Roman 70 100 mul 1000 div 2340 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 4095 8196 0.0000 3.0876 (3) 1 0 65 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Roman 100 100 mul 1000 div 3340 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 4191 8255 9.0184 4.4092 ( This strategy is based on five themes: software) 50 10 4064 OUT 2540 8467 19.7040 4.4092 (reuse, software reengineering to support already deployed systems,) 66 7 5715 OUT 2540 8678 32.5970 4.4092 (process support for software development, leverage of commercial) 64 7 5715 OUT 2540 8890 10.7156 4.4092 (technology for Defense Department needs, and the integration of ar-) 67 9 5715 OUT 2540 9102 8.8592 4.4092 (tificial intelligence and software engineering technology.) 58 5 4716 OUT 2857 9313 0.0000 3.9521 (Finally, over the last 40 years the National Security Agency \(NSA\)) 66 10 5397 OUT 2540 9525 28.0379 4.4092 (has played important roles in the development of supercomputers,) 64 8 5715 OUT 2540 9737 26.1939 4.4092 (primarily in support of its intelligence-gathering mission. NSA-re-) 68 8 5715 OUT 2540 9948 5.9927 4.4092 (lated research in CS&E has focused on high-performance computing,) 65 8 5715 OUT 2540 10160 11.8159 4.4092 (language processing, cryptography, and secure computing and com-) 64 7 5715 OUT 2540 10372 0.0000 4.4054 (munications.) 12 0 1057 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Bold 100 100 mul 1000 div 3520 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 4166 10901 8.6908 4.4092 (National Science Foundation) 27 2 2463 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Roman 100 100 mul 1000 div 3340 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 2857 11218 43.5063 4.4092 (Now the primary supporter of academic research in CS&E as) 57 9 5397 OUT 2540 11430 22.0823 4.4092 (measured by the number of individual investigators supported, the) 65 8 5715 OUT ENDPAGE %%Page: 222 6 BEGPAGE SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Italic 100 100 mul 1000 div 3320 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 2557 2134 0.0000 -0.0787 (222) 3 0 264 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Italic 80 100 mul 1000 div 2660 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 6396 2134 6.9510 3.5273 (COMPUTING THE FUTURE) 20 2 1876 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Roman 100 100 mul 1000 div 3340 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 2539 2540 0.0000 2.8728 (National Science Foundation \(NSF\) became a major supporter of CS&E) 66 9 5715 OUT 2539 2752 21.3626 4.4092 (research in the mid-1970s, when it shifted support for scientific ap-) 69 10 5715 OUT 2539 2963 21.1042 4.4092 (plications of computers to their parent sciences but left funding for) 69 10 5715 OUT 2539 3175 2.0543 4.4092 (the computer area unchanged, so that essentially the entire allocation) 70 9 5715 OUT 2539 3387 12.3913 4.4092 (became available for research in CS&E.) 38 5 3276 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Roman 70 100 mul 1000 div 2340 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 5815 3328 0.0000 3.0863 (4) 1 0 65 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Roman 100 100 mul 1000 div 3340 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 5911 3387 12.3914 4.4092 ( By dollar volume, the NSF) 27 6 2343 OUT 2539 3598 4.4908 4.4092 (is now the second largest funder of CS&E research within the federal) 68 11 5715 OUT 2539 3810 0.0000 4.1640 (government. Figure 7.2 illustrates the NSF�s history of funding CS&E) 69 10 5715 OUT 2539 4022 32.4483 4.4092 (research for the last 15 years. The budget for CS&E is the fastest) 67 13 5715 OUT 2539 4233 6.9569 4.4092 (growing budget category at NSF, although the budgets for other dis-) 67 10 5715 OUT 2539 4445 8.8038 4.4092 (ciplines start at much higher levels.) 37 5 2958 OUT 2857 4657 36.4015 4.4092 (Another major turning point in the relationship of the NSF to) 61 10 5397 OUT 2539 4868 6.6178 4.4092 (CS&E was the formation of the CISE Directorate in April 1986. Prior) 68 12 5715 OUT 2539 5080 27.0164 4.4092 (to 1986, CS&E received funding through several directorates \(engi-) 66 8 5715 OUT 2539 5292 28.0714 4.4092 (neering, mathematics and physical sciences, and biological and be-) 66 8 5715 OUT 2539 5503 34.4218 4.4092 (havioral sciences\). A memo to NSF staff from then-director Erich) 65 10 5715 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Roman 90 100 mul 1000 div 3000 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 2539 10502 13.5776 3.9682 (FIGURE 7.2) 10 1 881 OUT SURSTR SUSAVE /|______Palatino-Roman 90 100 mul 1000 div 3000 16 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 (Black) false SET 3578 10502 13.5776 3.9683 (National Science Foundation obligations for research for com-) 61 7 4676 OUT 2539 10696 21.9319 3.9683 (puter science \(basic and applied\), FY 1976 to FY 1991, in constant FY 1992) 74 13 5715 OUT 2539 10890 28.1476 3.9683 (dollars. SOURCE: Basic data \(in then-year dollars\) for all recipients and) 75 12 5715 OUT 2539 11084 4.1365 3.9683 (academia were taken from the corresponding sources cited in the caption for) 75 11 5715 OUT 2539 11278 7.7548 3.9683 (Figure 7.1.) 11 1 782 OUT AD_SomethingOnPage SUsv restore true S_LOADFONT true S_LOADFONT %%IncludeFont: Helvetica-Compressed save /SUsv exch def /AD_SomethingOnPage exch def userdict /PMSAVE save put AD_PrevMatrix setmatrix %%BeginDocument: /showpage {} def 0.0025 dup scale 100 100 div dup scale 100 100 div 1440 mul 1270 div 20 mul dup 2539 mul exch 3810 mul translate 20 20 scale 1 6480 mul 334 div neg 251 4637 mul 239 div neg translate 6480 334 div 4637 239 div scale 1 251 moveto 1 490 lineto 335 490 lineto 335 251 lineto closepath clip newpath %!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0 %%Creator: Adobe Illustrator(TM) 3.2 %%For: (Station LC) (National Academy Press) %%Title: (Fig. 1-4 & 7-2) %%CreationDate: (5/5/92) (1:49 PM) -141.000000 -34.000000 translate %%BoundingBox: 141 34 585 524 %%DocumentProcessColors: Black %%PageFonts: Helvetica %%+ Helvetica-Compressed %%+ Helvetica-Oblique %%DocumentSuppliedResources: procset Adobe_packedarray 2.0 0 %%+ procset Adobe_cmykcolor 1.1 0 %%+ procset Adobe_cshow 1.1 0 %%+ procset Adobe_customcolor 1.0 0 %%+ procset Adobe_typography_AI3 1.0 1 %%+ procset Adobe_IllustratorA_AI3 1.0 1 %AI3_ColorUsage: Black&White %AI3_TemplateBox: 306 396 306 396 %AI3_TileBox: 30 31 582 761 %AI3_DocumentPreview: Macintosh_Pic %%EndComments %%BeginProlog %%BeginResource: procset Adobe_packedarray 2.0 0 %%Title: (Packed Array Operators) %%Version: 2.0 %%CreationDate: (8/2/90) () %%Copyright: ((C) 1987-1990 Adobe Systems Incorporated All Rights Reserved) userdict /Adobe_packedarray 5 dict dup begin put /initialize % - initialize - { /packedarray where { pop } { Adobe_packedarray begin Adobe_packedarray { dup xcheck { bind } if userdict 3 1 roll put } forall end } ifelse } def /terminate % - terminate - { } def /packedarray % arguments count packedarray array { array astore readonly } def /setpacking % boolean setpacking - { pop } def /currentpacking % - setpacking boolean { false } def currentdict readonly pop end %%EndResource Adobe_packedarray /initialize get exec %%BeginResource: procset Adobe_cmykcolor 1.1 0 %%Title: (CMYK Color Operators) %%Version: 1.1 %%CreationDate: (1/23/89) () %%Copyright: ((C) 1987-1990 Adobe Systems Incorporated All Rights Reserved) currentpacking true setpacking userdict /Adobe_cmykcolor 4 dict dup begin put /initialize % - initialize - { /setcmykcolor where { pop } { userdict /Adobe_cmykcolor_vars 2 dict dup begin put /_setrgbcolor /setrgbcolor load def /_currentrgbcolor /currentrgbcolor load def Adobe_cmykcolor begin Adobe_cmykcolor { dup xcheck { bind } if pop pop } forall end end Adobe_cmykcolor begin } ifelse } def /terminate % - terminate - { currentdict Adobe_cmykcolor eq { end } if } def /setcmykcolor % cyan magenta yellow black setcmykcolor - { 1 sub 4 1 roll 3 { 3 index add neg dup 0 lt { pop 0 } if 3 1 roll } repeat Adobe_cmykcolor_vars /_setrgbcolor get exec pop } def /currentcmykcolor % - currentcmykcolor cyan magenta yellow black { Adobe_cmykcolor_vars /_currentrgbcolor get exec 3 { 1 sub neg 3 1 roll } repeat 0 } def currentdict readonly pop end setpacking %%EndResource %%BeginResource: procset Adobe_cshow 1.1 0 %%Title: (cshow Operator) %%Version: 1.1 %%CreationDate: (1/23/89) () %%Copyright: ((C) 1987-1990 Adobe Systems Incorporated All Rights Reserved) currentpacking true setpacking userdict /Adobe_cshow 3 dict dup begin put /initialize % - initialize - { /cshow where { pop } { userdict /Adobe_cshow_vars 1 dict dup begin put /_cshow % - _cshow proc {} def Adobe_cshow begin Adobe_cshow { dup xcheck { bind } if userdict 3 1 roll put } forall end end } ifelse } def /terminate % - terminate - { } def /cshow % proc string cshow - { exch Adobe_cshow_vars exch /_cshow exch put { 0 0 Adobe_cshow_vars /_cshow get exec } forall } def currentdict readonly pop end setpacking %%EndResource %%BeginResource: procset Adobe_customcolor 1.0 0 %%Title: (Custom Color Operators) %%Version: 1.0 %%CreationDate: (5/9/88) () %%Copyright: ((C) 1987-1990 Adobe Systems Incorporated All Rights Reserved) currentpacking true setpacking userdict /Adobe_customcolor 5 dict dup begin put /initialize % - initialize - { /setcustomcolor where { pop } { Adobe_customcolor begin Adobe_customcolor { dup xcheck { bind } if pop pop } forall end Adobe_customcolor begin } ifelse } def /terminate % - terminate - { currentdict Adobe_customcolor eq { end } if } def /findcmykcustomcolor % cyan magenta yellow black name findcmykcustomcolor object { 5 packedarray } def /setcustomcolor % object tint setcustomcolor - { exch aload pop pop 4 { 4 index mul 4 1 roll } repeat 5 -1 roll pop setcmykcolor } def /setoverprint % boolean setoverprint - { pop } def currentdict readonly pop end setpacking %%EndResource %%BeginResource: procset Adobe_typography_AI3 1.1 0 %%Title: (Typography Operators) %%Version: 1.0 %%CreationDate:(5/31/90) () %%Copyright: ((C) 1987-1990 Adobe Systems Incorporated All Rights Reserved) currentpacking true setpacking userdict /Adobe_typography_AI3 47 dict dup begin put /initialize % - initialize - { /TZ where { pop } { Adobe_typography_AI3 begin Adobe_typography_AI3 { dup xcheck { bind } if pop pop } forall end Adobe_typography_AI3 begin } ifelse } def /terminate % - terminate - { currentdict Adobe_typography_AI3 eq { end } if } def % [ number value stream [ array for encoding modification ] modifyEncoding ==> [ modified array ] /modifyEncoding { /_tempEncode exch ddef % pointer for sequential encodings /_pntr 0 ddef { % get bottom object counttomark -1 roll % is it a mark ? dup type dup /marktype eq { % exit pop pop exit } { % ... object ... type .... % insert if a nametype /nametype eq { % insert the name at _pntr and increment pointer _tempEncode /_pntr dup load dup 3 1 roll 1 add ddef 3 -1 roll put } { % reset _pntr if it's a number /_pntr exch ddef } ifelse } ifelse } loop % return the modified encoding _tempEncode } def /TE % Set std platform encoding % (encoding pairs) TE - { StandardEncoding 256 array copy modifyEncoding /_nativeEncoding exch def } def % re-define font % expected arguments % for 'normal fonts : % [ /_Helvetica-Bold/Helvetica-Bold direction fontScript defaultEncoding TZ % % for cartographic, pictographic, and expert fonts : % [ ... number value stream ... /_Symbol/Symbol % direction fontScript defaultEncoding TZ % for blended fonts w/ default encoding : % [ /_AdobeSans_20ULig1XCond-Bold/AdobeSans % direction fontScript defaultEncoding [ w0 w1 ... wn ] TZ % for blended fonts w/ special encoding : % [ ... number value stream ... /_AdobeSans_20ULig1XCond/AdobeSans % direction fontScript defaultEncoding [ w0 w1 ... wn ] TZ /TZ { % set weight vector (if present) dup type /arraytype eq {/_wv exch def} {/_wv 0 def} ifelse % platform dependent coding flag /_useNativeEncoding exch def % pop fontScript & direction pop pop % create a new dictionary with length % equal to original dictionary length + 2 % copy all the key/value pairs except FID % call makeblended font with the weight values if _wv is an array findfont _wv type /arraytype eq {_wv makeblendedfont} if dup length 2 add dict begin % copy all the values but the FID % into the new dictionary mark exch { 1 index /FID ne { def } if cleartomark mark } forall % discard last mark pop % define FontName /FontName exch def % if no re-encoding stream is present % then if the base encoding vector of the font % is the same as StandardEncoding % and the use platform encoding flag is true % then install AI platform encoding % else leave the base encoding in effect counttomark 0 eq { 1 _useNativeEncoding eq { /Encoding _nativeEncoding def } if % clean up cleartomark } { % custom encoding to be done % start off with a copy of the font's standard encoding /Encoding load 256 array copy modifyEncoding /Encoding exch def } ifelse FontName currentdict end % register the new font definefont pop } def % text painting operators /tr % string tr ax ay string { _ax _ay 3 2 roll } def /trj % string trj cx cy fillchar ax ay string { _cx _cy _sp _ax _ay 6 5 roll } def /a0 { /Tx % text % textString Tx - { dup currentpoint 3 2 roll tr _psf newpath moveto tr _ctm _pss } ddef /Tj % justified text % textString Tj - { dup currentpoint 3 2 roll trj _pjsf newpath moveto trj _ctm _pjss } ddef } def /a1 { /Tx % text % textString Tx - { dup currentpoint 4 2 roll gsave dup currentpoint 3 2 roll tr _psf newpath moveto tr _ctm _pss grestore 3 1 roll moveto tr sp } ddef /Tj % justified text % textString Tj - { dup currentpoint 4 2 roll gsave dup currentpoint 3 2 roll trj _pjsf newpath moveto trj _ctm _pjss grestore 3 1 roll moveto tr sp } ddef } def /e0 { /Tx % text % textString Tx - { tr _psf } ddef /Tj % justified text % textString Tj - { trj _pjsf } ddef } def /e1 { /Tx % text % textString Tx - { dup currentpoint 4 2 roll gsave tr _psf grestore 3 1 roll moveto tr sp } ddef /Tj % justified text % textString Tj - { dup currentpoint 4 2 roll gsave trj _pjsf grestore 3 1 roll moveto tr sp } ddef } def /i0 { /Tx % text % textString Tx - { tr sp } ddef /Tj % justified text % textString Tj - { trj jsp } ddef } def /i1 { W N } def /o0 { /Tx % text % textString Tx - { tr sw rmoveto } ddef /Tj % justified text % textString Tj - { trj swj rmoveto } ddef } def /r0 { /Tx % text % textString Tx - { tr _ctm _pss } ddef /Tj % justified text % textString Tj - { trj _ctm _pjss } ddef } def /r1 { /Tx % text % textString Tx - { dup currentpoint 4 2 roll currentpoint gsave newpath moveto tr _ctm _pss grestore 3 1 roll moveto tr sp } ddef /Tj % justified text % textString Tj - { dup currentpoint 4 2 roll currentpoint gsave newpath moveto trj _ctm _pjss grestore 3 1 roll moveto tr sp } ddef } def % font operators % Binding /To % begin text % bindType To - { pop _ctm currentmatrix pop } def /TO % end text % TO - { Te _ctm setmatrix newpath } def % Text paths /Tp % begin text path % a b c d tx ty startPt Tp - { pop _tm astore pop _ctm setmatrix _tDict begin /W {} def /h {} def } def /TP % end text path % TP - { end iTm 0 0 moveto } def % Render mode & matrix operators /Tr % begin render % render Tr - { _render 3 le {currentpoint newpath moveto} if dup 8 eq {pop 0} {dup 9 eq {pop 1} if} ifelse dup /_render exch ddef _renderStart exch get load exec } def /iTm % internal set text matrix % - iTm - (uses _tm as implicit argument) { _ctm setmatrix _tm concat 0 _rise translate _hs 1 scale } def /Tm % set text matrix % a b c d tx ty Tm - { _tm astore pop iTm 0 0 moveto } def /Td % translate text matrix % tx ty Td - { _mtx translate _tm _tm concatmatrix pop iTm 0 0 moveto } def /Te % end render % - Te - { _render -1 eq {} {_renderEnd _render get dup null ne {load exec} {pop} ifelse} ifelse /_render -1 ddef } def % Attributes /Ta % set alignment % alignment Ta - { pop } def /Tf % set font name and size % fontname size Tf - { dup 1000 div /_fScl exch ddef exch findfont exch scalefont setfont } def /Tl % set leading % leading paragraphLeading Tl - { pop 0 exch _leading astore pop } def /Tt % set user tracking % userTracking Tt - { pop } def /TW % set word spacing % minSpace optSpace maxSpace TW - { 3 npop } def /Tw % set computed word spacing % wordSpace Tw { /_cx exch ddef } def /TC % set character spacing % minSpace optSpace maxSpace TC - { 3 npop } def /Tc % set computed char spacing % charSpace Tc - { /_ax exch ddef } def /Ts % set super/subscripting (rise) % rise Ts - { /_rise exch ddef currentpoint iTm moveto } def /Ti % set indentation % firstStartIndent otherStartIndent stopIndent Ti - { 3 npop } def /Tz % set horizontal scaling % scalePercent Tz - { 100 div /_hs exch ddef iTm } def /TA % set pairwise kerning % autoKern TA - % autoKern = 0 -> no pair kerning % = 1 -> automatic pair kerning { pop } def /Tq % set hanging quotes % hangingQuotes Tq - % hangingQuotes = 0 -> no hanging quotes % = 1 -> hanging quotes { pop } def % Text Bodies /TX {pop} def %/Tx % non-justified text % textString Tx - %/Tj % justified text % textString Tj - /Tk % kern % autoKern kernValue Tk - % autoKern = 0 -> manual kern, = 1 -> auto kern % kernValue = kern value in em/1000 space { exch pop _fScl mul neg 0 rmoveto } def /TK % non-printing kern % autoKern kernValue TK - { 2 npop } def /T* % carriage return & line feed % - T* - { _leading aload pop neg Td } def /T*- % carriage return & negative line feed % - T*- - { _leading aload pop Td } def /T- % print a discretionary hyphen % - T- - { _hyphen Tx } def /T+ % discretionary hyphen hyphen % - T+ - {} def /TR % reset pattern matrix % a b c d tx ty TR - { _ctm currentmatrix pop _tm astore pop iTm 0 0 moveto } def /TS % special chars % textString justified TS - { 0 eq {Tx} {Tj} ifelse } def currentdict readonly pop end setpacking %%EndResource %%BeginResource: procset Adobe_IllustratorA_AI3 1.0 2 %%Title: (Adobe Illustrator (R) Version 3.0 Abbreviated Prolog) %%Version: 1.0 %%CreationDate: (7/22/89) () %%Copyright: ((C) 1987-1990 Adobe Systems Incorporated All Rights Reserved) currentpacking true setpacking userdict /Adobe_IllustratorA_AI3 61 dict dup begin put % initialization /initialize % - initialize - { % 47 vars, but leave slack of 10 entries for custom Postscript fragments userdict /Adobe_IllustratorA_AI3_vars 57 dict dup begin put % paint operands /_lp /none def /_pf {} def /_ps {} def /_psf {} def /_pss {} def /_pjsf {} def /_pjss {} def /_pola 0 def /_doClip 0 def % paint operators /cf currentflat def % - cf flatness % typography operands /_tm matrix def /_renderStart [/e0 /r0 /a0 /o0 /e1 /r1 /a1 /i0] def /_renderEnd [null null null null /i1 /i1 /i1 /i1] def /_render -1 def /_rise 0 def /_ax 0 def % x character spacing (_ax, _ay, _cx, _cy follows awidthshow naming convention) /_ay 0 def % y character spacing /_cx 0 def % x word spacing /_cy 0 def % y word spacing /_leading [0 0] def /_ctm matrix def /_mtx matrix def /_sp 16#020 def /_hyphen (-) def /_fScl 0 def /_cnt 0 def /_hs 1 def /_nativeEncoding 0 def /_useNativeEncoding 0 def /_tempEncode 0 def /_pntr 0 def /_tDict 2 dict def % typography operators /Tx {} def /Tj {} def % compound path operators /CRender {} def % printing /_AI3_savepage {} def % color operands /_gf null def /_cf 4 array def /_if null def /_of false def /_fc {} def /_gs null def /_cs 4 array def /_is null def /_os false def /_sc {} def /_i null def Adobe_IllustratorA_AI3 begin Adobe_IllustratorA_AI3 { dup xcheck { bind } if pop pop } forall end end Adobe_IllustratorA_AI3 begin Adobe_IllustratorA_AI3_vars begin newpath } def /terminate % - terminate - { end end } def % definition operators /_ % - _ null null def /ddef % key value ddef - { Adobe_IllustratorA_AI3_vars 3 1 roll put } def /xput % key value literal xput - { dup load dup length exch maxlength eq { dup dup load dup length 2 mul dict copy def } if load begin def end } def /npop % integer npop - { { pop } repeat } def % marking operators /sw % ax ay string sw x y { dup length exch stringwidth exch 5 -1 roll 3 index 1 sub mul add 4 1 roll 3 1 roll 1 sub mul add } def /swj % cx cy fillchar ax ay string swj x y { dup 4 1 roll dup length exch stringwidth exch 5 -1 roll 3 index 1 sub mul add 4 1 roll 3 1 roll 1 sub mul add 6 2 roll /_cnt 0 ddef {1 index eq {/_cnt _cnt 1 add ddef} if} forall pop exch _cnt mul exch _cnt mul 2 index add 4 1 roll 2 index add 4 1 roll pop pop } def /ss % ax ay string matrix ss - { 4 1 roll { % matrix ax ay char 0 0 {proc} - 2 npop (0) exch 2 copy 0 exch put pop gsave false charpath currentpoint 4 index setmatrix stroke grestore moveto 2 copy rmoveto } exch cshow 3 npop } def /jss % cx cy fillchar ax ay string matrix jss - { 4 1 roll { % cx cy fillchar matrix ax ay char 0 0 {proc} - 2 npop (0) exch 2 copy 0 exch put gsave _sp eq { exch 6 index 6 index 6 index 5 -1 roll widthshow currentpoint } { false charpath currentpoint 4 index setmatrix stroke }ifelse grestore moveto 2 copy rmoveto } exch cshow 6 npop } def % path operators /sp % ax ay string sp - { { 2 npop (0) exch 2 copy 0 exch put pop false charpath 2 copy rmoveto } exch cshow 2 npop } def /jsp % cx cy fillchar ax ay string jsp - { { % cx cy fillchar ax ay char 0 0 {proc} - 2 npop (0) exch 2 copy 0 exch put _sp eq { exch 5 index 5 index 5 index 5 -1 roll widthshow } { false charpath }ifelse 2 copy rmoveto } exch cshow 5 npop } def % path construction operators /pl % x y pl x y { transform 0.25 sub round 0.25 add exch 0.25 sub round 0.25 add exch itransform } def /setstrokeadjust where { pop true setstrokeadjust /c % x1 y1 x2 y2 x3 y3 c - { curveto } def /C /c load def /v % x2 y2 x3 y3 v - { currentpoint 6 2 roll curveto } def /V /v load def /y % x1 y1 x2 y2 y - { 2 copy curveto } def /Y /y load def /l % x y l - { lineto } def /L /l load def /m % x y m - { moveto } def } {%else /c { pl curveto } def /C /c load def /v { currentpoint 6 2 roll pl curveto } def /V /v load def /y { pl 2 copy curveto } def /Y /y load def /l { pl lineto } def /L /l load def /m { pl moveto } def }ifelse % graphic state operators /d % array phase d - { setdash } def /cf {} def % - cf flatness /i % flatness i - { dup 0 eq { pop cf } if setflat } def /j % linejoin j - { setlinejoin } def /J % linecap J - { setlinecap } def /M % miterlimit M - { setmiterlimit } def /w % linewidth w - { setlinewidth } def % path painting operators /H % - H - {} def /h % - h - { closepath } def /N % - N - { _pola 0 eq { _doClip 1 eq {clip /_doClip 0 ddef} if newpath } { /CRender {N} ddef }ifelse } def /n % - n - {N} def /F % - F - { _pola 0 eq { _doClip 1 eq { gsave _pf grestore clip newpath /_lp /none ddef _fc /_doClip 0 ddef } { _pf }ifelse } { /CRender {F} ddef }ifelse } def /f % - f - { closepath F } def /S % - S - { _pola 0 eq { _doClip 1 eq { gsave _ps grestore clip newpath /_lp /none ddef _sc /_doClip 0 ddef } { _ps }ifelse } { /CRender {S} ddef }ifelse } def /s % - s - { closepath S } def /B % - B - { _pola 0 eq { _doClip 1 eq % F clears _doClip gsave F grestore { gsave S grestore clip newpath /_lp /none ddef _sc /_doClip 0 ddef } { S }ifelse } { /CRender {B} ddef }ifelse } def /b % - b - { closepath B } def /W % - W - { /_doClip 1 ddef } def /* % - [string] * - { count 0 ne { dup type (stringtype) eq {pop} if } if _pola 0 eq {newpath} if } def % group operators /u % - u - {} def /U % - U - {} def /q % - q - { _pola 0 eq {gsave} if } def /Q % - Q - { _pola 0 eq {grestore} if } def /*u % - *u - { _pola 1 add /_pola exch ddef } def /*U % - *U - { _pola 1 sub /_pola exch ddef _pola 0 eq {CRender} if } def /D % polarized D - {pop} def /*w % - *w - {} def /*W % - *W - {} def % place operators /` % matrix llx lly urx ury string ` - { /_i save ddef 6 1 roll 4 npop concat pop userdict begin /showpage {} def 0 setgray 0 setlinecap 1 setlinewidth 0 setlinejoin 10 setmiterlimit [] 0 setdash newpath 0 setgray false setoverprint } def /~ % - ~ - { end _i restore } def % color operators /O % flag O - { 0 ne /_of exch ddef /_lp /none ddef } def /R % flag R - { 0 ne /_os exch ddef /_lp /none ddef } def /g % gray g - { /_gf exch ddef /_fc { _lp /fill ne { _of setoverprint _gf setgray /_lp /fill ddef } if } ddef /_pf { _fc fill } ddef /_psf { _fc ashow } ddef /_pjsf { _fc awidthshow } ddef /_lp /none ddef } def /G % gray G - { /_gs exch ddef /_sc { _lp /stroke ne { _os setoverprint _gs setgray /_lp /stroke ddef } if } ddef /_ps { _sc stroke } ddef /_pss { _sc ss } ddef /_pjss { _sc jss } ddef /_lp /none ddef } def /k % cyan magenta yellow black k - { _cf astore pop /_fc { _lp /fill ne { _of setoverprint _cf aload pop setcmykcolor /_lp /fill ddef } if } ddef /_pf { _fc fill } ddef /_psf { _fc ashow } ddef /_pjsf { _fc awidthshow } ddef /_lp /none ddef } def /K % cyan magenta yellow black K - { _cs astore pop /_sc { _lp /stroke ne { _os setoverprint _cs aload pop setcmykcolor /_lp /stroke ddef } if } ddef /_ps { _sc stroke } ddef /_pss { _sc ss } ddef /_pjss { _sc jss } ddef /_lp /none ddef } def /x % cyan magenta yellow black name gray x - { /_gf exch ddef findcmykcustomcolor /_if exch ddef /_fc { _lp /fill ne { _of setoverprint _if _gf 1 exch sub setcustomcolor /_lp /fill ddef } if } ddef /_pf { _fc fill } ddef /_psf { _fc ashow } ddef /_pjsf { _fc awidthshow } ddef /_lp /none ddef } def /X % cyan magenta yellow black name gray X - { /_gs exch ddef findcmykcustomcolor /_is exch ddef /_sc { _lp /stroke ne { _os setoverprint _is _gs 1 exch sub setcustomcolor /_lp /stroke ddef } if } ddef /_ps { _sc stroke } ddef /_pss { _sc ss } ddef /_pjss { _sc jss } ddef /_lp /none ddef } def % locked object operator /A % value A - { pop } def currentdict readonly pop end setpacking % annotate page operator /annotatepage { } def %%EndResource %%EndProlog %%BeginSetup %%IncludeFont: Helvetica %%IncludeFont: Helvetica-Compressed %%IncludeFont: Helvetica-Oblique Adobe_cmykcolor /initialize get exec Adobe_cshow /initialize get exec Adobe_customcolor /initialize get exec Adobe_typography_AI3 /initialize get exec Adobe_IllustratorA_AI3 /initialize get exec [ 39/quotesingle 96/grave 128/Adieresis/Aring/Ccedilla/Eacute/Ntilde/Odieresis /Udieresis/aacute/agrave/acircumflex/adieresis/atilde/aring/ccedilla/eacute /egrave/ecircumflex/edieresis/iacute/igrave/icircumflex/idieresis/ntilde /oacute/ograve/ocircumflex/odieresis/otilde/uacute/ugrave/ucircumflex /udieresis/dagger/degree/cent/sterling/section/bullet/paragraph/germandbls /registered/copyright/trademark/acute/dieresis/.notdef/AE/Oslash /.notdef/plusminus/.notdef/.notdef/yen/mu/.notdef/.notdef /.notdef/.notdef/.notdef/ordfeminine/ordmasculine/.notdef/ae/oslash /questiondown/exclamdown/logicalnot/.notdef/florin/.notdef/.notdef /guillemotleft/guillemotright/ellipsis/.notdef/Agrave/Atilde/Otilde/OE/oe /endash/emdash/quotedblleft/quotedblright/quoteleft/quoteright/divide /.notdef/ydieresis/Ydieresis/fraction/currency/guilsinglleft/guilsinglright /fi/fl/daggerdbl/periodcentered/quotesinglbase/quotedblbase/perthousand /Acircumflex/Ecircumflex/Aacute/Edieresis/Egrave/Iacute/Icircumflex /Idieresis/Igrave/Oacute/Ocircumflex/.notdef/Ograve/Uacute/Ucircumflex /Ugrave/dotlessi/circumflex/tilde/macron/breve/dotaccent/ring/cedilla /hungarumlaut/ogonek/caron TE %AI3_BeginEncoding: _Helvetica Helvetica [/_Helvetica/Helvetica 0 0 1 TZ %AI3_EndEncoding AdobeType %AI3_BeginEncoding: _Helvetica-Compressed Helvetica-Compressed [/_Helvetica-Compressed/Helvetica-Compressed 0 0 1 TZ %AI3_EndEncoding AdobeType %AI3_BeginEncoding: _Helvetica-Oblique Helvetica-Oblique [/_Helvetica-Oblique/Helvetica-Oblique 0 0 1 TZ %AI3_EndEncoding AdobeType %%EndSetup 0 A u 0 R 0 G 0 i 0 J 0 j 0.5 w 4 M []0 d %AI3_Note: 0 D 467.9137 313.9826 m 467.9137 517.086 L 178.3832 517.086 L 178.3832 313.9826 L 467.9137 313.9826 L s 323.1484 415.5343 m S U 0 To 0 0.8574 -0.8574 0 150.055 415.114 0 Tp TP -62.4008 0 Td 0 Tr 0 O 0 g 1 w /_Helvetica 10.4971 Tf 0 Ts 100 Tz 0 Tt 0 TA 0 0 5 TC 100 100 200 TW 0 0 0 Ti 1 Ta 0 Tq 11.6635 0 Tl 0 Tc 0 Tw (Millions of FY 1992 Dollars) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 To 1 0 0 1 572.4398 37.5023 0 Tp TP -163.3828 0 Td 0 Tr /_Helvetica-Compressed 12 Tf 2 Ta 13 0 Tl (#5722 \245 Fig. 1-4 & 6-2 \245 2nd Proof) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 R 0 G 0.5 w 178.3832 367.5673 m 197.1811 374.6975 l 215.5468 372.7529 l 235.425 366.7031 l 254.8711 372.7529 l 274.1011 376.6422 l 293.3311 376.6422 l 313.4254 377.5064 l 332.8715 372.969 l 352.7497 390.9026 l 371.5476 390.9026 l 390.9936 411.2129 l 410.6558 400.1935 l 430.3179 420.7199 l 450.4461 476.6574 l 467.9137 487.51 l S [7 2 ]0 d 178.5993 359.5728 m 197.4079 359.5728 l 215.979 361.3014 l 234.9929 356.5479 l 254.8711 361.0853 l 274.1011 363.0299 l 293.7633 366.7031 l 313.2093 371.8887 l 333.1554 365.4066 l 352.7265 382.9081 l 372.4226 376.9261 l 391.2097 398.8971 l 410.6558 390.0383 l 431.5108 405.1631 l 450.1444 457.4023 l 467.9137 469.8853 l S []0 d 178.3813 503.9886 m 184.4639 503.9886 l S 0 To 0.741 0 0 0.741 174.7325 501.2038 0 Tp TP -18.0044 0 Td 0 Tr 0 O 0 g 1 w /_Helvetica 10.7958 Tf 12.1453 0 Tl (140) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 R 0 G 0.5 w 178.3813 490.3763 m 184.4639 490.3763 l S 0 To 0.741 0 0 0.741 174.7325 487.5915 0 Tp TP -18.0044 0 Td 0 Tr 0 O 0 g 1 w (130) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 R 0 G 0.5 w 178.3813 477.1962 m 184.4639 477.1962 l S 0 To 0.741 0 0 0.741 174.7325 474.4114 0 Tp TP -18.0044 0 Td 0 Tr 0 O 0 g 1 w (120) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 R 0 G 0.5 w 178.3813 464.2321 m 184.4639 464.2321 l S 0 To 0.741 0 0 0.741 174.7325 461.4474 0 Tp TP -18.0044 0 Td 0 Tr 0 O 0 g 1 w (110) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 To 0.741 0 0 0.741 174.7325 515.4642 0 Tp TP -18.0044 0 Td 0 Tr (150) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 R 0 G 0.5 w 178.3813 450.6199 m 184.4639 450.6199 l S 0 To 0.741 0 0 0.741 174.7325 447.8351 0 Tp TP -18.0044 0 Td 0 Tr 0 O 0 g 1 w (100) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 R 0 G 0.5 w 178.3813 437.0076 m 184.4639 437.0076 l S 0 To 0.741 0 0 0.741 174.7325 434.2229 0 Tp TP -12.0029 0 Td 0 Tr 0 O 0 g 1 w (90) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 R 0 G 0.5 w 178.3813 424.0436 m 184.4639 424.0436 l S 0 To 0.741 0 0 0.741 174.7325 421.2588 0 Tp TP -12.0029 0 Td 0 Tr 0 O 0 g 1 w (80) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 R 0 G 0.5 w 178.3813 410.8635 m 184.4639 410.8635 l S 0 To 0.741 0 0 0.741 174.7325 408.0787 0 Tp TP -12.0029 0 Td 0 Tr 0 O 0 g 1 w (70) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 R 0 G 0.5 w 178.3813 397.6834 m 184.4639 397.6834 l S 0 To 0.741 0 0 0.741 174.7325 394.8986 0 Tp TP -12.0029 0 Td 0 Tr 0 O 0 g 1 w (60) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 R 0 G 0.5 w 178.3813 384.2872 m 184.4639 384.2872 l S 0 To 0.741 0 0 0.741 174.7325 381.5024 0 Tp TP -12.0029 0 Td 0 Tr 0 O 0 g 1 w (50) Tx (\r) TX TO 0 R 0 G 0.5 w 178.3813 370.6749 m 184.4639 370.6749 l S 0 To 0.741 0 0 0.741 174.7325 367.8901 0 Tp TP -12.0029 0 Td 0 Tr 0 O 0 g 1