Structure of the Organization

Major Program Units

Study committees and convening activities are typically overseen by continuing or standing committees (often called boards). Examples of standing boards include the Board on Children, Youth and Families and the Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources. Boards meet periodically in open session.

For administrative purposes, the Academies’ standing boards and committees are organized into the following six divisions:

Institutional Organization

The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) was chartered by Congress in 1863 as advisor to the federal government on decisions involving scientific and technological issues. NAS members are dedicated to the use of science and technology research and applications to improve society and human well-being. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the NAS.

The National Academy of Engineering (NAE), established in 1964 as advisor to the federal government, is an invaluable national resource that provides leadership and guidance on the application of engineering resources to social and economic problems. Dr. Wm. A. Wulf is president of the NAE.

The Institute of Medicine (IOM), established in 1970, comprises distinguished professionals drawn from the fields of healthcare, public health, research, and education. The IOM provides policymakers with guidance on matters pertaining to the health of the public. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the IOM.

Each of these organizations consists of members elected by peers in recognition of distinguished achievement in their respective fields.The National Academy of Sciences includes about 1,800 members, the National Academy of Engineering about 1,900, and the Institute of Medicine about 1,200. All three organizations also elect foreign associates.

The National Research Council (NRC), the principal operating agency of the NAS, NAE, and IOM, was organized in 1916 to associate the broader science and technology community with the institution’s charter to further knowledge and to advise the federal government.
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