MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING FOR THE 1990s

This study of materials science and engineering has produced a picture of remarkable contrasts. On the one hand, the study has revealed a field of great vitality—rapidly emerging scientific discoveries, stunning new capabilities for understanding and prediction, and applications that are essential for the health of every U.S. industry. On the other hand, several troubling developments have come to light. Despite growing opportunities in the field, a shortage of educated personnel is foreseen. Limitations on resources are constraining progress. And our national effort needs greater focus and coordination in order to meet the challenge of international competition.

This picture evolved as a result of the work of five panels that addressed research opportunities and needs, exploitation of materials science and engineering for the national welfare, international cooperation and competition, research resources, and education. Each of the panels submitted detailed reports to the Committee on Materials Science and Engineering. The charge to the Committee on Materials Science and Engineering was “to present a unified view of recent progress and new directions in materials science and engineering and to assess future opportunities and needs.” The committee conducted this study with a view to developing the consensus implied by the phrase “unified view.” The objective of cultivating this consensus in the very diverse materials science and engineering community was taken no less seriously than that of carrying out the scientific and engineering assessment contained in this report. The main conclusions are described in the seven chapters of this volume.