D

Acronyms and Abbreviations

ACTD Advanced concept technology demonstration

ACTS Advanced Communications Technology Satellite

AEW Airborne early warning

AI Artificial intelligence

AOR Area of responsibility

APD Average pass duration

APPD Average pass per day

ASIM Automated System Intrusion Monitor

ATM Asynchronous transfer mode

ATR Automatic target recognition

ATS Advanced technology satellite

BDA Battle damage assessment

C² Command and control

C²I Command, control, and intelligence

C³ Command, control and communications

C⁴ISR Command, control, communications, computing, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance

CCD Camouflage, concealment, and deception

CDL Common data link

CEC Cooperative engagement capability

CEP Circular error of probability

CNO Chief of Naval Operations

COTS Commercial off the shelf

CVN Nuclear-powered aircraft carrier

DARPA Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency

DBS Direct broadcast satellite

DDS Defense dissemination system

DISA Defense Intelligence Service Agency

DOD Department of Defense

DSCS Defense Satellite Communication System

ECM Electronic countermeasure

EHF Extremely high frequency

ELINT Electronic intelligence

EO/IR Electro-optical, infrared

FAA Federal Aviation Administration

FIWC Fleet Information Warfare Center

FOPEN Foliage penetration

FPA Focal plane array

GCCS Global command-and-control system

GCP Ground control point

GEO Geostationary orbit

GIS Geographic information system

GOPEN Ground penetration

GPS Global Positioning System

HDTV High-definition television

HF High frequency

HMI Human-machine interface

HUMINT Human intelligence

IFF Identification friend or foe

IFOV Instantaneous field of view

IO Information operations

IP Internet protocol

IPB Intelligence preparation of the battlefield

IR Infrared

ISA Intelligent software agent

ISAR Inverse synthetic aperture radar

ISDN Integrated services digital network

ISO International Organization for Standardization

ISR Intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance

IVHS Intelligent vehicle highway system

IW Information warfare

JCS Joint Chiefs of Staff

JTA Joint technical architecture

JTIDS Joint Tactical Information Distribution System

LAN Local area network

LEO Low Earth orbit (satellite)

LES Leading-edge service

LIDAR Light detection and ranging

LOS Line of sight

LPI Low probability of intercept

MCG Mapping, charting, and geodesy

MEO Medium Earth orbit (satellite)

MIDS Multifunction information distribution system

MILSTAR Military strategic and tactical relay

MRC Major regional conflict

MTI Moving target indicator

MWIR Mid-wave infrared

NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration

NCA National Command Authority

NEDT Noise equivalent detection temperature

NIMA National Intelligence Mapping Agency

NIR Near-infrared

NPOI Naval prototype optical instruments

NRL Naval Research Laboratory

NSA National Security Agency

OODA Observe, orient, decide, act

OOTW Operations other than war

OPAM Optical phased-array modulator

PCM Pulse code modulation

PCS Personal communications system

PSK Phase shift keying

PSTN Public switched telephone network

RCA Radio Corporation of America

RCS Radar cross section

R&D Research and development

RF Radio frequency

ROEs Rules of engagement

SAR Synthetic aperture radar

SatCom Satellite communications

SCR Signal-to-clutter ratio

SIGINT Signal intelligence

SINCGARS Single-channel ground-to-air radio system

SNR Signal-to-noise ratio

SPOT Systeme Probatoire d'Observation de la Terre

STAP Space-time adaptive processing

SWIR Short-wave infrared

TacSat Tactical satellite

TDMA Time division multiple access

TDRS Tracking and data relay satellite

TEL Transporter erector launcher

T/R Transmit/receive

TWT Traveling wave tube

UAV Unmanned aerial vehicle

UFO UHF follow-on (satellite)

UHF Ultrahigh frequency

URAV Uninhabited reconnaissance aerial vehicle

VHF Very high frequency

VMF Variable message format

VPN Virtual private network

VSAT Very small aperture terminal