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Biographical Memoirs: Volume 64
NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
The National Academy Press was created by the National Academy of Sciences to publish the reports isssued by the Academy and by the National Academy of Engineering, the Institute of Medicine, and the National Research Council, all operating under the charter granted to the National Academy of Sciences by the Congress of the United States.
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Biographical Memoirs: Volume 64
NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
The National Academy Press was created by the National Academy of Sciences to publish the reports isssued by the Academy and by the National Academy of Engineering, the Institute of Medicine, and the National Research Council, all operating under the charter granted to the National Academy of Sciences by the Congress of the United States.
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Biographical Memoirs: Volume 64
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Biographical Memoirs: Volume 64
Biographical Memoirs
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
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Biographical Memoirs: Volume 64
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Biographical Memoirs: Volume 64
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Biographical Memoirs
VOLUME 64
NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
WASHINGTON, D.C.
1994
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Biographical Memoirs: Volume 64
The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by Act of Congress as a private, nonprofit, self-governing membership corporation for the furtherance of science and technology, required to advise the federal government upon request within its fields of competence. Under its corporate charter the Academy established the National Research Council in 1916, the National Academy of Engineering in 1964, and the Institute of Medicine in 1970.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER 0-309-04978-4
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD SERIAL NUMBER 0077-2933
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARD NUMBER 5-26629
Available from
NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
2101 CONSTITUTION AVENUE, N.W. WASHINGTON, D.C. 20418
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
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Biographical Memoirs: Volume 64
CONTENTS
PREFACE
vii
LIBERTY HYDE BAILEY
BY HARLAN P. BANKS
3
FELIX BLOCH
BY ROBERT HOFSTADTER
35
BART J. BOK
BY J. A. GRAHAM, C. M. WADE, AND R. M. PRICE
73
LEON FESTINGER
BY STANLEY SCHACHTER
99
DAVID TRESSEL GRIGGS
BY IVAN A. GETTING AND JOHN M. CHRISTIE
113
FELIX HAUROWITZ
BY FRANK W. PUTNAM
135
COLUMBUS O'DONNELL ISELIN
BY HENRY M. STOMMEL
165
EUGENE MARKLEY LANDIS
BY JOHN R. PAPPENHEIMER
189
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Biographical Memoirs: Volume 64
ABBA PTACHYA LERNER
BY DAVID S. LANDES
209
CARL SHIPP MARVEL
BY NELSON J. LEONARD
233
HENRY WILLIAM MENARD
BY ROBERT L. FISHER AND EDWARD D. GOLDBERG
267
CARL VERNON MOORE
BY OLIVER H. LOWRY
279
GEORGE PETER MURDOCK
BY WARD H. GOODENOUGH
305
THEODORE MEAD NEWCOMB
BY PHILIP E. CONVERSE
321
WILLIAM ALBERT NOYES, JR
BY JOHN M. WHITE WITH PAMELA J. COOK
341
CHARLES H. RAMMELKAMP, JR.
BY FREDERICK C. ROBBINS
355
HERMANN IRVING SCHLESINGER
BY GRANT URRY
369
CALVIN PERRY STONE
BY ERNEST R. HILGARD
397
RALPH H. WETMORE
BY JOHN G. TORREY
421
SEWALL WRIGH
BY JAMES F. CROW
439
CUMULATIVE INDEX
471
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Biographical Memoirs: Volume 64
PREFACE
On March 3, 1863, Abraham Lincoln signed the Act of Incorporation that brought the National Academy of Sciences into being. In accordance with that original charter, the Academy is a private, honorary organization of scientists, elected for outstanding contributions to knowledge, who can be called upon to advixe the federal government. As an institution the Academy's goal is to work toward increasing scientific knowledge and to further the use of that knowledge for the general good.
The Biographical memoirs, begun in 1877, are a series of volumes containing the life histories and selected bibliographies of deceased members of the Academy. Colleagues familiar with the discipline and the subject's work prepare the essays. These volumes, then, contain a record of the life and work of our most distinguished leaders in the sciences, and witnessed and interpreted by their colleagues and peers. They form a biographical history of science in America—an important part of our nation's contribution to the intellectual heritage of the world.
PETER H. RAVEN
Home Secretary
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