Neutron crystallography, 61

New materials, 8, 22-40

designing, 4-5, 123-147

developing, 8, 191-192

learning to synthesize and manufacture, 8, 191

with predictable properties, 8-9, 192

New transformations, 8, 22-40

News media, 184-185

Nitrogenase, 118

Nobel prizes in chemistry, 3, 25, 28-29, 32, 42, 48-49, 58, 62, 81, 112, 119, 134, 152, 164

Nonbiological polymers

time scales within, 81

Nonprotein enzyme mimics, 32

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), 108

Noyori, Ryoji, 32

Nuclear energy, 164-165

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instruments, 46, 57-58, 98, 118, 184

pulsed, 59

Nuclear structure spectroscopies, 60

Nuclear weapons

and military security, 165, 173, 176

Nucleotide sequences, 112

Nuzzo, Ralph G., 135

O

Odor detection, 57, 65

Olah, George A., 42

Oligomeric materials

tailoring, 140

Oligonucleotide synthesis, 119

Opportunities in Chemistry, 1, 11

Optical fibers, 130

Optical properties

switchable, 127

Optimization, 85-89

advanced discrete-continuous, 91

global, 85

nonlinear algorithms for, 87

Optoelectronic materials, 130-133

Organelles, 65

Organic chemistry, 17

Organisms

detecting and identifying dangerous, 8, 191-192

Organometallic reagents, 52

Organs

developing semisynthetic, 96, 121

Oxidation

partial, 34

performing safely, 26

Oxidation-reduction reactions, 166

Ozone layer

depletion of, 150

P

Paclitaxel, 102

synthesizing, 26

Paints

water-based, 127

Palladium

catalysis by, 27

Parallelizable tasks, 92-93

Particles

used for excitation, 57

Pasteur, Louis, 12-13

Pedersen, Charles J., 32

Penicillin

large-scale production of, 102

synthesizing, 24

Personal security, 173, 177-178

Pharmaceutical products

analytical characterization critical in, 56

controlled release of, 102

Pharmacia-Upjohn, 89

Pharmacokinetic models, 102

Phase transition phenomenon, 49-50

Phases

interfaces between, 125

Photodetachment

of negative ions, 59

Photodissociation, 46

Photoexcitation, 52

Photoionization, 59

Photolithography, 128-129, 136

using UV wavelengths, 138

Photonic materials, 130-133

Photosynthetic reaction center

multimolecular, 119

Photosynthetic systems, 27, 150, 163

Photovoltaics, 164

Physical chemistry, 17, 29

Physical transformations of matter, 2-3, 41-54

Pimentel, George, 11

Pimentel report. See Opportunities in Chemistry

Pioglitazone, 120

Front Matter (R1-R14)

Executive Summary (1-10)

1 Introduction (11-15)

2 The Structures and Cultures of the Disciplines: The Common Chemical Bond (16-21)

3 Synthesis and Manufacturing: Creating and Exploiting New Substances and New Transformations (22-40)

4 Chemical and Physical Transformations (41-54)

5 Isolating, Identifying, Imaging, and Measuring Substances and Structures (55-70)

6 Chemical Theory and Computer Modeling: From Computational Chemistry to Process Systems Engineering (71-94)

7 The Interface with Biology and Medicine (95-122)

8 Materials by Design (123-147)

9 Atmospheric and Environmental Chemistry (148-159)

10 Energy: Providing for the Future (160-170)

11 National and Personal Security (171-179)

12 How To Achieve These Goals (180-194)

Appendix A: Biographical Sketches of Steering Committee Members (195-201)

Appendix B: Statement of Task (202-202)

Appendix C: Contributors (203-208)

Index (209-224)