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JOHN HASBROUCK VAN VLECK
March :13, 1899-October 27, 1980
BY P. W. ANDERSON
JOHN HASBROUCK VAN VLECK was the most eminent
American theoretical physicist between }. Willard Gibbs
and the postwar generation. He has often been characterized
as the "father of modern magnetism," but his influence was
in fact much wider: He played a vital role in establishing the
modern fields of solid-state physics, chemical physics, and
quantum electronics. Many generations of students were in-
fluence(1 by his unique teaching style, and he made important
administrative contributions at a crucial time in the history
of Harvard University.
FAMILY AND EARLY YEARS
The Van VIeck family is of the patrician Dutch stock that
has given the nation three presidents, among other eminent
citizens. "Van" (as he was always known) was prouc! of his
ancestry, which had been tracer! by an aunts to prosperous
burghers of Maestricht in the sixteenth century. One of the
family, Tielman Van VIeck, was an eminent citizen of the
Dutch colony of Nieuw Amsterdam and founded Jersey
City.
Van's immediate family was very distinguished academi
' More details will be found in The Royal Society memoir by B. Bleaney.
501
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502
BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS
cally. His grandfather, John Monroe Van VIeck, was profes-
sor of mathematics and astronomy at Wesleyan University in
Micictletown, Connecticut, from IS53 to 1904, serving as act-
ing president on two occasions. John Monroe's brother, Jo-
seph Van VIeck, a successful New Jersey businessman, do-
nated an observatory to Wesleyan in his honor. At the
dedication ceremony in ~ 9 ~ 6, his son, E. B. Van VIeck, spoke
anc! the young I. H. Van VIeck unveilecI the memorial plaque.
All of John M. Van VIeck's four children were mathema-
ticians, including Van's father Edward Burr Van VIeck
(~863-19431. E. B. Van VIeck took a doctorate at Gottingen
in IS93, taught for two years at Wisconsin, and then went to
Wesleyan ~895-!905~. He marriec! Hester Raymond of
MidcIletown in IS93, ant! here John Hasbrouck Van VIeck,
his only chilcI, was born on March 13, TS99. From 1905 to
1929 Edward Burr Van VIeck was professor of mathematics
at the University of Wisconsin in Madison, Wisconsin, where
the mathematics building is named Van VIeck Hall in his
honor. He was eminent in his field anct highly respected at
Wisconsin. He was a member of NAS, president of the Amer-
ican Mathematical Society, and recipient of four honorary
degrees. His lectures were notecT for their formal clarity.
The E. B. Van VIeck home was a cultivated anc! a pros-
perous one, since he inherited a portion of his uncle's for-
tune. He built up a notable art collection, especially of Japa-
nese woodblock prints but also of other objects of beauty. It
is said that a number of the prints were acquired from Frank
Lloyd Wright. They were collected (luring the building of the
Imperial Hotel and sold to repay debts. Edward Burr and
his wife Hester react voraciously and traveler! widely, so that
"the galleries, churches, and mountains of Europe were
equally familiar." In this atmosphere Van absorbed his inter-
est in travel and his deep cultivation very naturally.
Except for a few periods spent cluring his father's sabbat
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JOHN HASBROUCK VAN VLECK
503
icals in schools or kindergartens abroad, Van was eclucatect
in the Madison public schools and went directly on to the
University of Wisconsin. He did not recall any particular par-
tiality toward science or mathematics as a boy, nor did his
father make a special effort to interest him in advanced topics
of mathematics, except for advising him to be sure to take
mathematics through calculus in college. Reading his own
remarks about this period of his life, one has the impression
of a very normal boy with a rather matter-of-fact precocity.
His interest in American football began early at Wisconsin,
and he claimed that the Wisconsin song"On Wisconsin" was
first sung at his first game in 1909 (information on this is
containec! in an article of his on the history of football songs).
He played in the Wisconsin marching band from 1916 until
1918 ~ his instrument is not recorclecI, but it was probably
the flute, which he playocT later as a young assistant professor.
His well-known interest in railroads began early: It was when
he was about seven that he first spent a period of recupera-
tion on one of his parents' European trips learning the rel-
evant railroad schedules, and thereafter the family never
again hart to consult a timetable. In college, an early interest
in French was turner! off by his self-confessed "miserable"
accent, anc! in geology by the obtuseness of a professor who
"required all triangles to be solved graphically."
In fact, until late in his college career, Van seems to have
seen himself as a bit of a dilettante. His youthful preference
tract been not to go into the academic life, and he recordecI
in his reminiscences that "serious young men took engineer-
ing rather than math or physics, where most of the students
were girls." Just as he rebelled at solving triangles graphically,
he evacled the physics senior thesis involving experimental
work, including, worst of all possible fates, glassblowing by
joining a debating team ant! arguing successfully against the
government ownership of railroads. His states! reason (in
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504
BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS
"Reminiscences of the First Decade of Quantum Mechanics,"
1971) for taking physics was the otherwise light course load
and the iclea that mathematics would involve him in his fa-
ther's courses, which would not be "cricket." He click, however,
make Phi Beta Kappa in his junior year, so one is permitted
a great deal of skepticism about the rather frivolous motiva-
tions he gives for his choice of careers. ~ note also the inclu-
sion of an "unlisted reacting course in Moliere" in the accel-
eratec! program he finally completed-surely not a common
. ,%
1 (J ~ ~ '
interest tor a young scientist in the Middle West.
EARLY CAREER IN PHYSICS
Van's consciousness of physics seems to have been first
raised by the experience of a course on kinetic theory taken
from L. R. Ingersoll in his third year at Wisconsin. He was
not well prepared because he had put oR the calculus to this
same year, but he sat near Warren Weaver who was taking
the course (though on the junior faculty, and was a very vocal
critic of the textbook used. This stimulates! Van's interest
enormously. In the next year he took a course from Professor
March on dynamics that was his introduction to genuine
theoretical physics and showed him very clearly the course of
his future career.
A fortunate accident took him to Harvard for the last
semester of the 1919-20 college year: His father was spencl-
ing a sabbatical there, anti urged him to finish up at Wiscon-
sin in three-anct-a-half years and come take courses at Har-
vard. He started out with three courses in math and physics
and one in railroad administration. This latter convincer] him
that he "would not get on very fast in the railroact business."
The courses that influenced him positively were by Bridgman
anct Kemble. He felt Bridgman's operational philosophy,
while not explicitly stated, was very much implicit in the at-
titucle to physics that he acquired, while Kemble was one of
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JOHN HASBROUCK VAN VLECK
505
two or three teachers in the Unitecl States concerned about
quantum theory. He was influenced negatively as well by a
formal mathematical course in differential equations, a re-
placement for his father's course, which he had been unwill-
ing to take; this acIdecI to his lifelong distaste for empty for-
malism.
Thus, almost without conscious decision, he found him-
self a full-fledged Ph.D. student at Harvard. He quickly com-
pleted the requirements for an M.A. (1921) and finisher] a
Ph.D. thesis uncler Kemble (19221. He stayer] on as instructor
with Kemble for one more year, leaving for Minnesota in
1923.
EARLY DAYS OF THE QUANTUM THEORY:
HARVARD (1920 - 23) AND MINNESOTA (1923-28)
His thesis topic attacked one of the truly knotty problems
of the old quantum theory: the attempt to come up with a
method of quantization that wouIcl give reasonable results for
the helium atom. Once the hydrogen atom was more or less
dealt with, anti simple harmonic motion unclerstoocI with De-
oye's anti Planck's laws, the next stage was clearly more com-
plex atoms. At about the same time, several European phys-
icists were attempting the problem, anti Van's paper was
essentially equivalent to results of Bohr, Kramers, and
Kronig. In short orcler there followed a sequence of papers
on various aspects of spectroscopy using the old quantum
theory, and then a book, Quantum Principles and Line Spectra,
finished in late 1925.
During the Harvard years, Van was in constant touch with
John Slater, who finished a mostly experimental thesis with
Bridgman at about the same time, and then left for Copen-
hagen to work for a year with Bohr. I think it is fair to say
that this little American group kept in remarkably close touch
with the enormous activity centered in Central Europe that
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506
BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS
was to leac! to the new quantum mechanics, and it contrib-
uted at least two papers of real significance, one of which was
Van's paper of 1924 on the correspondence principle for ab-
sorption. This paper comes tantalizingly close to the kind of
considerations that led to Heisenberg's matrix mechanics; it
was one of the few papers to attack the intensity question that
was the key failure of oIc! quantum theory. Van maintained
close contact with European physics, and was fortunate
enough to accompany his parents to Europe in 1923; during
the trip he made time to visit Bohr and hack extended dis-
cussions with Kramers in Holland.
The University of Minnesota invited both Van ant! Greg-
ory Breit to come as assistant professors in 1923. This was a
unique opportunity. Only graduate teaching was requirecl,
and he would have someone to talk with, because Breit's in-
terests were very close to Van's, so he left the annual instruc-
torship available to him at Harvard with no apparent reluc-
tance. (Slater got the only permanent faculty job!) He was at
Minnesota for five years, rising to associate professor in 1926
and full professor in 1927. On Tune 10, 1927, he married
Abigail Pearson of Minneapolis. Of his courtship he re-
marked that they both loved dancing and that her ignorance
of his work assured him that she would never interfere in it.
He jokocl later that he made up his mine! when, at a dance,
she introducer! him as the professor of chemistry.
His first book was published as a Bulletin of the National
Research Council. At that time NRC committees were occa-
sionally former! with the express purpose of informing
American scientists about important developments, and this
book was a report of the Committee on Optical Spectra, with
Paul Foote as chairman. It was well received, but by the time
it was issued in early 1926 much of it had been supersecled
by the enormous explosion of results from the new quantum
mechanics. The exercise, however, was of considerable value
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JOHN HASBROUCK VAN VLECK
507
to the author; his remarkably clear writing style had been
formed, with the acknowledger! help of his father, and his
very physical unclerstanding of classical dynamics and of the
workings of the correspondence principle, which were to
serve him well in his later career, hac! been developed.
Van learned with great excitement of the new quantum
mechanics through correspondence and the early published
papers of Heisenberg on the matrix mechanics, which re-
mainec! for a number of years his preferred form (in this, as
in many other things, his style was unique). He sent in his
first paper using it in early 1926, showing that the classical
symmetry factor i/3 in the magnetic susceptibility is restored
in the new theory. Nature asked him to shorten the piece,
which slowed him down to what he called a "quadruple tie"
in publication. He sailed for a visit to Copenhagen that sum-
mer and completed another paper on the boat calculating
mean values of inverse powers of r by matrix mechanics-
only to learn that he had been beaten by practitioners of
Schrodinger's wave mechanics. Nevertheless he wrote no less
than four papers that year on the new mechanics, and for
several years he continued to write papers discussing its na-
ture and interpretation (such as tied.
The little note in Nature fI0] was to set the theme for
much of the rest of his career: the use of the new quantum
mechanics to elucidate electromagnetic properties of matter.
This had been an interest of his since an early seminar on
the Weiss theory of ferromagnetism, and it was implicit in his
correspondence principle paper; but from now on his inter-
est led to a stream of fundamental papers, and it became
clear that he hacI chosen this as his particular portion of the
great work of verifying and using the new quantum theory.
Bohr remarked, with characteristic insight, that while the
spectroscopic successes of the quantum theory were more
spectacular, the macroscopic ones such as Van worked on
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508
BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS
were in some ways "more satisfying ant! more fundamental."
The most funclamental immediate results were his demon
stration of the general formula (which he always carefully
called "Langevin-Debye") for the susceptibility (papers Ll0],
~ ~ i], ~ ~ 5] in the accompanying bibliography) and the detailed
application to O2 and NO FI21. But at this time, he had al-
ready begun the work on molecular ant! other spectra in the
new mechanics that was a second major theme in his life with
a paper with Hill on rotational distortion tI61. He was asked
by the chemists to review the new quantum mechanics Ll7],
and in general was an important teacher and proselytizer of
the new knowledge in the American context. His worldwide
reputation was assured by the series of remarkable experi-
mental verifications of his results on O2 and NO in Leyclen,
MIT, ant! Zurich.
WISCONSIN ( 1928 - 34) AND PREWAR HARVARD:
MAGNETISM, MOLECULES, CRYSTAL FIELDS,
AND THE ORIGIN OF MAGNETIC RELAXATION
Although Minnesota was, as he later said, very congenial,
with Breit as a coworker, Tate and other experimentalists
encouraging him, and a number of bright auditors interested
in his lectures (fate himself, Bleakney, Brattain, and others),
physics was more active at Wisconsin. Van accepted an over
of a professorship at the University of Wisconsin in 192S,
remaining there until 1934. This gave him the pleasure of
overlapping for one year with his father and renewing several
old associations. It was at Wisconsin that he conceived and
finished his book, Theory of Electric and Magnetic Susceptibilities,
although much of it was written on a European trip in the
summer of 1930. His stay in Zurich was particularly produc-
tive; arriving in vacation time, he worked until Pauli returned
and, with characteristic rudeness, said: "_ don't republish my
papers into a book!" In fact, the book, aside from being ar
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JOHN HASBROUCK VAN VLECK
509
guably the first book in the modern field of solid-state phys-
ics, contained-as Van defensively remarked much new
material aside from the contents of the several papers on
Langevin-Debye, "Van Vleck paramagnetism" (the second-
order contribution of what he called "high-frequency matrix
elements"), and the magnetism of the rare earth and iron
group ions in salts (with Miss Frank (231), which had already
appeared. There were new discussions of the averaging pro-
cess for obtaining the fields ~ ~ ~ - ~
. 1 ~ fit
in materials, of Heisenberg's
tneory ot terromagnet~sm, ot aspects of ctielectric local fields
and of dielectric theory in general, of Landau diamagnetism
and its relationship to the classical theory, and the like. It is
marked perhaps even slightly marred, as a modern text for
physicists poorly trained in classical mechanics by careful
discussion of the ways in which quantum mechanics, the old
quantum theory, and classical physics differ. It just missed a
number of very important developments, notably Van's own
crystal field theory work and Neel and Landau's concept of
antiferromagnetism, but in one sense it is not dated in the
slightest: All results quoted in the book are, to my knowledge,
correct to this day, needing no revision, only expansion. It
was an enormously influential book and set a standard and a
style for American solid-state physics that greatly influenced
its development during decades to come for the better. We
have, incidentally, R. H. Fowler's suggestion that Van write
for the Oxford University Press to thank for the book's ex-
istence.
During the same Guggenheim fellowship trip that took
Van to Zurich in 1930, he was invited to be the only American
at the Solvay Congress. In Holland, he spent a number of
days talking and walking with his friend Kramers, who
pointed out to him Bethe's recent work on group theory. This
led to a lifelong interest in group theory, which he still taught
in inimitable style and from Wigner in the original Ger
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510
BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS
man-when ~ was at Harvard in 1948. It also led to a series
of applications that Van seemed to fee} were among his best
work: to the spectroscopy and susceptibilities of magnetic
ions in solids (papers t25], t36], t43l, t45l, t53], L54], t60],
t611; and papers by his students M. H. Hebb, R. SchIapp, and
W. Penney, later Baron Penney, on most of which his name,
characteristically, (lid not appear). In these papers he intro-
duced the "crystal fielct" concept in which a magnetic ion is
envisaged as behaving more or less like a free ion perturbed
by the anisotropic potential of the surrounding ions and at-
oms. The orbital angular momentum in most iron group ions
in solicls is "quenched" (a typical Van concept) by such fields,
because of the weakness of spin-orbit coupling relative to the
crystal field splittings, while rare earth ions retain free ion
character but responc! to the local symmetry by the appro-
priate splittings of the energy levels. This concept correlates
enormous masses of spectroscopic, magnetic, and even chem-
ical data on these compounds (the chemical energetics were
clevelopec! by Penney anct by Orge} and BalIhausen, much
later). It provides an absolutely essential starting point for
the understanding of all the technically important insulating
magnetic materials, such as ferrites, garnets, ruby, and the
like. Van initiated both of the main branches of the theory of
crystal fielcis, the naive electrostatic version anct the "ligand
field" theory (now more generally accepted) in which the em-
phasis is on semicovalent bonding to the neighboring "li-
gand" ions or groups; ant] with his characteristic flexibility
he demonstrated (paper t434) that both led to essentially the
same experimental results. In the chemistry and spectros-
copy of these ions, Van's (or SchIapp and Penney's) name for
the field strength parameter, "Dq," is still used. Of the crystal
field theory it has been said by Moffitt ant! BalIhausen (per-
haps a bit extravagantly, but Van likoct to quote this state-
ment): "It will be a long time before a method is developed
to surpass fit] in simplicity, elegance and power."
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JOHN HASBROUCK VAN VLECK
531
L43] Valence strength and the magnetism of complex salts. }.
Chem. Phys., 3:807-13.
1936
[44] Nonorthogonality and ferromagnetism. Phys. Rev., 49:232
40.
1937
L45] The puzzle of rare-earth spectra in solids. }. Phys. Chem.,
41 :67-80.
L461 With R. L. Joseph. The influence of dipole-dipole coupling
on the specific heat and susceptibility of a paramagnetic salt.
J. Chem. Phys., 5:320-37; errata 32~1960~:1573.
t471 On the role of dipole-dipole coupling in dielectric media. J.
Chem. Phys., 5:556-68.
t481 Revised calculation of the translational fluctuation effect in
gaseous dielectrics. l. Chem. Phys., 5:991.
t49] On the anisotropy of cubic ferromagnetic crystals. Phys.
Rev., 52: 1178-98.
1938
L52]
L501 On the adiabatic demagnetization of cesium titanium alum.
J. Chem. Phys., 6:81-86.
L511 Note on the second or Gaussian approximation in the Hei-
senberg theory of ferromagnetism when S > /. l. Chem.
Phys., 6:105-6.
On the isotope corrections in molecular spectra. }. Chem.
Phys., 4:327-38.
1939
F531 On the magnetic behavior
chrome alum. }. Chem. Phys., 7:61-71.
Of vanadium, titanium and
t541 The Jahn-Teller effect and crystalline stark splitting for clus-
ters of the form XY6. }. Chem. Phys., 7:72-84.
With T. Bardeen. Expressions for the current in the Bloch
approximation of "tight binding" for metallic electrons.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 25:82-86.
t561 With G. W. King. Dipole-dipole resonance forces. Phys. Rev.,
55:1165-72.
F57] With G. W. King. Relative intensities of singlet-singlet and
singlet-triplet transitions. Phys. Rev., 56:464 - 65.
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532
BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS
On the theory of the forward scattering of neutrons by par-
amagnetic media. Phys. Rev., 55:924-30.
1940
F59] Paramagnetic relaxation times for titanium and chrome
alum. Phys. Rev., 57:426-47, 1052.
L60] Note on the Zeeman effect of chrome alum. i. Chem. Phys.,
8:787-89.
F61] With R. Finkelstein. On the energy levels of chrome alum.
}. Chem. Phys., 8:790-97.
F621 Electronic conduction and the equilibrium of lattice oscil-
lators. Rev. Univ. Nac. Tucuman, Ser. A, 1:81-86.
1941
F631 On the theory of antiferromagnetism. J. Chem. Phys.,9:85-
90.
L641 The influence of dipole-dipole coupling on the dielectric
constants of liquids and solids. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci.,40:293-
313.
L65] Note on Liouville's theorem and the Heisenberg uncertainty
principle. Philos. Sci., 8:275-79.
t661 Paramagnetic relaxation and the equilibrium of lattice oscil-
lators. Phys. Rev., 59:724-29.
F671 Calculation of energy exchange between lattice oscillators.
Phys. Rev., 59:730-36.
L681 Nuclear physics and inter-atomic arrangement. Univ. Pa. Bi-
centennial Conf. :51- 68.
1945
L691 A survey of the theory of ferromagnetism. Rev. Mod. Phys.,
17:27-47.
L701 With V. F. Weisskopf. On the shape of collision-broadened
lines. Rev. Mod. Phys., 17:227-36.
1946
t711 With B. P. Dailey, R. L. Kyhl, M. W. P. Strandberg, and E. B.
Wilson, in The hyperfine structure of the microwave spec-
trum of ammonia and the existence of a quadrupole mo-
ment in N'4. Phys. Rev., 70:984.
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JOHN HASBROUCK VAN VLECK
533
F721 With D. Middleton. A theoretical comparison of the visual,
aural and meter reception of pulsed signals in the presence
of noise. J. Appl. Phys., 17 :940-71.
1947
F73] With F. Bloch and M. Hamermesh. Theory of radar reflec-
tion from wires or thin metallic strips. ]. Appl. Phys.,
18:274-94.
F74] The absorption of microwaves by oxygen. Phys. Rev.,
71 :413-24.
The absorption of microwaves by uncondensed water vapor.
Phys. Rev., 71:425-33.
L76] With C. T. Gorter. The role of exchange interaction in par-
amagnetic absorption. Phys. Rev., 72: 1128-29.
L77] Quelques aspects de la theorie du magnetisme. Ann. Inst.
Henri Poincare, 10: 57-187.
1948
L781 With R. S. Henderson. Coupling of electron spins in rotating
polyatomic molecules. Phys. Rev., 74: 106 -7.
t79] The dipolar broadening of magnetic resonance lines in crys-
tals. Phys. Rev., 74:1168-83.
1949
L801 With L. H. Aller and C. W. Ufford. Multiplet intensities for
the nebular lines 4S-2D of O. Astrophys. I., 109:42-52.
F81 ~ The present status of the theory of ferromagnetism. Physica,
15: 197-206.
F82] With Henry Margenau. Collision theories of pressure broad-
ening of spectral lines. Phys. Rev., 76: 1211-14.
1950
L831 Concerning the theory of ferromagnetic resonance absorp-
tion. Phys. Rev., 78:266-74.
L841 With T. S. Kuhn. A simplified method of computing the
cohesive energies of monovalent metals. Phys. Rev.,79:382-
88.
t851 Landmarks in the theory of magnetism. Am. i. Phys.,
13:495 -509.
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534
BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS
1951
L861 Recent developments in the theory of antiferromagnetism.
Phys, 12: 262-74.
Ferromagnetic resonance. Physica, 17: 234-52.
L871
L881 With I. Ollom. On the splitting of the ground state of Ni+ +
in NiSiF~6H JO. Physica, 17:205 -8.
F891 The coupling of angular momentum vectors in molecules.
Rev. Mod. Phys., 23:213-27.
1952
L90] The significance of the results of microwave spectroscopy to
the theory of magnetism. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 55:928-42.
1953
L91] Models of exchange coupling in ferromagnetic media. Rev.
Mod. Phys., 25:220-27.
L921 Two barrier phenomena. (Retiring address as president of
the American Physical Society.) Phys. Today, 6:5-11.
L93] With A. Abragam. Theory of the microwave Zeeman effect
in atomic oxygen. Phys. Rev., 92:1448-55.
1954
L94] With G. R. Gunther-Mohr and C. H. Townes. Hyperfine
structure in the spectrum of Ni4H3, II. Theoretical discus-
sion. Phys. Rev., 94: 1191-1203.
L951 With K. Kambe. Improved theory of the Zeeman effect of
atomic oxygen. Phys. Rev., 96:66-71.
L96] The cohesive energies of alkali metals. Proc. Int. Conf.
Theor. Phys., Kyoto and Tokyo, pp. 640-49.
1955
L971 The role of Boltzmann factors in the impact model. Proc.
Conf. Broadening of Spectral Lines. Pittsburgh: University
of Pittsburgh.
1956
t981 Fundamental theory of ferro- and ferri-magnetism. Proc.
IRE, 44:1248-58.
t99] The theory of ferromagnetic anisotropy. AIEE Special Pub-
lication T-91, Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Ma-
terials, October 16 -18.
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JOHN HASBROUCK VAN VLECK
535
[100] Blurred borders of physics and engineering. J. Eng. Educ.,
46:366-73.
1957
t1011 Dangerous gulfs: Some reflections on the social implications
of computing machines. In: The Computing Laboratory in the
University, ed. Preston C. Hammer, pp. 223-32. Madison:
The University of Wisconsin Press.
F1021 With H. Meyer and Mary C. AI. O'Brien. The magnetic sus-
ceptibility of oxygen in a clathrate compound, II. Proc. R.
Soc. London, Ser. A, 243:414-21.
1031 Magnetic properties of metals. Nuovo Cimento, Suppl.,
6:857-86.
1041 Line-breadths and the theory of magnetism. Nuovo Ci-
mento, Suppl., 6:993-1014.
F1051 The concept of temperature in magnetism. Nuovo Cimento,
Suppl., 6: 1081-1100.
1958
1061 With }. Van Kranendonk. Spin waves. Rev. Mod. Phys.,
30: 1-23.
L107] The physical meaning of adiabatic magnetic susceptibilities.
Z. Phys. Chem., 16:358-67.
t1081 The magnetic behaviour of regular and inverted crystalline
energy levels. Faraday Discuss. Chem. Soc., 26:96-102.
1959
L1091 Some recent progress in the theory of magnetism for non-
migratory models. i. Phys., 20:124-35.
F1101 Fundamental questions in magnetism. In: Magnetic Properties
of Metals and Alloys, pp. 1-17. Metals Park, Ohio: American
Society for Metals.
1960
F1111 The puzzle of spin-lattice relaxation at low temperatures. In:
Quantum Electronics, a Symposium, ed. C. H. Townes, pp. 392-
409. New York; Columbia University Press.
~112] With C. Kittel. Theory of the temperature dependence of
the magnetoelastic constants of cubic crystals. Phys. Rev.,
118:1231-32.
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536
BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS
[113] With W. P. Wolf. Magnetism of europium garnet. Phys. Rev.,
118: 1490-92.
With R. M. Bozorth. Magnetic susceptibility of metallic eu-
ropium. Phys. Rev., 118: 1493 -98.
Frontiers of physical science in the Netherlands and the
United States. Inaugural address as Lorentz Professor at the
University of Leiden, March 4. Leiden: Leiden University
Press.
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Representative terms from entire chapter:
hasbrouck van
