| Copyright © 2012. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Terms of Use and Privacy Statement |
Below are the first 10 and last 10 pages of uncorrected machine-read text (when available) of this chapter, followed by the top 30 algorithmically extracted key phrases from the chapter as a whole.
Intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text on the opening pages of each chapter.
Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.
Do not use for reproduction, copying, pasting, or reading; exclusively for search engines.
OCR for page R1
Cooperating with Nature: Confronting Natural Hazards with Land-Use Planning for Sustainable Communities
Cooperating with Nature
Confronting Natural Hazards with Land-Use Planning for Sustainable Communities
Raymond J. Burby, Editor
JOSEPH HENRY PRESS
Washington, D.C.
1998
OCR for page R2
Cooperating with Nature: Confronting Natural Hazards with Land-Use Planning for Sustainable Communities
JOSEPH HENRY PRESS
2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20418
The Joseph Henry Press, an imprint of the National Academy Press, was created with the goal of making books on science, technology, and health more widely available to professionals and the public. Joseph Henry was one of the founders of the National Academy of Sciences and a leader of early American science.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Cooperating with nature : confronting natural hazards with land use planning for sustainable communities / editor, Raymond J. Burby : authors, Timothy Beatley . . . [et al.].
p. cm. — (Natural hazards and disasters)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-309-06362-0 (alk. paper)
1. Natural disasters—United States—Evaluation. 2. Land use—United States—Management. 3. Community development—United States. 4. Sustainable development—United States. I. Burby, Raymond J., 1942– . II. Beatley, Timothy, 1957– . III. Series.
GB5010.C67 1998
363.346—dc21 98-12415
CIP
Copyright 1998 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America.
OCR for page R3
Cooperating with Nature: Confronting Natural Hazards with Land-Use Planning for Sustainable Communities
Foreword
THE NATION'S FIRST NATURAL hazards assessment got under way in 1972 at the Institute of Behavioral Science at the University of Colorado. Funded by the National Science Foundation and led by geographer Gilbert White and sociologist J. Eugene Haas, it was an interdisciplinary effort involving scores of policymakers, practitioners, and scholars from across the nation. Its purpose was to assess our knowledge about natural hazards and disasters, to identify major needed policy directions, and to inventory future research needs. The volume summarizing this endeavor, Assessment of Research on Natural Hazards in the United States, published in 1975, was a landmark in what was then a new field of study.
A quarter of a century later we find ourselves in a national conversation about how natural hazards mitigation can result in disaster-resilient communities. This conversation began in the early 1990s among a few individuals working in federal agencies and academia, and was articulated at a workshop in Estes Park, Colorado, in 1992, which was attended by many of the nation's leading natural hazards experts. They concluded that a second assessment of hazards in the
OCR for page R4
Cooperating with Nature: Confronting Natural Hazards with Land-Use Planning for Sustainable Communities
United States was needed, and that its unifying theme should be sustainable development, or development that enhances the capacity of the planet to provide a high quality of life now and in the future. A subsequent workshop in 1994 brought many of the same experts together to discuss and formulate an agenda for this second hazards assessment.
This book, which ensues from the second natural hazards assessment, is one of a series of works on natural hazards and disasters published by the Joseph Henry Press. A select group of experts were invited to expand upon their necessarily condensed contributions to the second assessment by developing individual works on major themes in the natural hazards and disasters field, including insurance, risk assessment, disaster preparedness and response, and mapping. This volume on land use management and natural hazards was written by a group headed by Raymond Burby of the College of Urban and Public Affairs at the University of New Orleans. Cooperating with Nature focuses on the breakdown in sustainability that is signaled by natural disaster. The authors chronicle the long evolution of land use planning and identify key components of sustainable planning for hazards. The book describes the promise of land use management for achieving sustainability, explores reasons why this promise is not being realized uniformly by government at various levels, and proposes ways to foster sound land use decision making. The authors explain why sustainability and land use have not been taken into account in the formulation of public policy. They articulate a vision of sustainability, giving concrete suggestions for policy reform, and calling for a new National Hazardous Area Management Act and program to foster improved planning and management at state and local levels.
The second national natural hazards assessment was funded by the National Science Foundation under Grant Number 93-12647, with supporting contributions from the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Forest Service, and the U.S. Geological Survey. The support of these agencies is greatly appreciated. However, only the authors are responsible for the information, analyses, and recommendations contained in this book. Very special thanks are extended to J. Eleonora Sabadell and William A. Anderson of the National Science Foundation for placing their confidence in us to carry out this mission.
DENNIS S. MILETI, Director
Natural Hazards Research and Applications Information Center
University of Colorado at Boulder
OCR for page R5
Cooperating with Nature: Confronting Natural Hazards with Land-Use Planning for Sustainable Communities
Contributors
RAYMOND J. BURBY, Editor, is DeBlois Chair of Urban and Public Affairs at the University of New Orleans. Former co-editor of the Journal of the American Planning Association, he is the author and editor of 14 books and numerous articles dealing with environmental management and planning. His research focuses on environmental hazards, regulatory systems, and local planning and land use management.
Contributing Authors
Timothy Beatley, University of Virginia
Philip R. Berke, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Raymond J. Burby, University of New Orleans
Robert E. Deyle, Florida State University
Steven P. French, Georgia Institute of Technology
David R. Godschalk, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Edward J. Kaiser, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Jack D. Kartez, University of Southern Maine
Peter J. May, University of Washington
Robert B. Olshansky, University of Illinois
Robert G. Paterson, University of Texas
Rutherford H. Platt, University of Massachusetts
OCR for page R6
Cooperating with Nature: Confronting Natural Hazards with Land-Use Planning for Sustainable Communities
This page in the original is blank.
OCR for page R7
Cooperating with Nature: Confronting Natural Hazards with Land-Use Planning for Sustainable Communities
Contents
1
Natural Hazards and Land Use: An Introduction
Raymond J. Burby
1
Part One:
The Choices of the Past
2
Planning and Land Use Adjustments in Historical Perspective
Rutherford H. Platt
29
3
Governing Land Use in Hazardous Areas with a Patchwork System
Peter J. May and Robert E. Deyle
57
Part Two:
The Land Use Planning Alternative
4
Integrating Hazard Mitigation and Local Land Use Planning
David R. Godschalk, Edward J. Kaiser, and Philip R. Berke
85
5
Hazard Assessment: The Factual Basis for Planning and Mitigation
Robert E. Deyle, Steven P. French, Robert B. Olshansky, and Robert G. Paterson
119
OCR for page R8
Cooperating with Nature: Confronting Natural Hazards with Land-Use Planning for Sustainable Communities
6
Managing Land Use to Build Resilience
Robert B. Olshansky and Jack D. Kartez
167
7
The Third Sector: Evolving Partnerships in Hazard Mitigation
Robert G. Paterson
203
Part Three:
Looking to the Future
8
The Vision of Sustainable Communities
Timothy Beatley
233
9
Policies for Sustainable Land Use
Raymond J. Burby with Contributions from the Team of Co-Authors
263
Appendix: Annotated Bibliography of Selected Research
293
Bibliography
307
Index
337
OCR for page R9
Cooperating with Nature: Confronting Natural Hazards with Land-Use Planning for Sustainable Communities
Cooperating with Nature
OCR for page R10
Cooperating with Nature: Confronting Natural Hazards with Land-Use Planning for Sustainable Communities
This page in the original is blank.