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A Review of the New Initiatives at the NASA Ames Research Center: Summary of a Workshop (2001)
Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy (STEP)

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National Research Council. "V. Research Papers." A Review of the New Initiatives at the NASA Ames Research Center: Summary of a Workshop. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2001. 1. Print.

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parks are privately developed and owned. Leading investors in these projects include U.S., French, British, Singaporean, Thai, and South African groups, most of which have a property development background.

Management of parks also varies, but the industry trend is toward professional management services and away from the “do-it-yourself approach. Some universities and government agencies do continue to operate their own parks. Research Triangle Park, for example, is operated by a not-for-profit foundation that reports to an ownership team comprised of the region's universities and the state government. However, even under these management structures, outsourcing of professional services is becoming common.

Typical Activities and Occupants

Parks also differ in terms of their sectoral focus and industry orientation. Many parks tend to specialize in a few technology and industry areas, serving as “centers of excellence,” promoting innovation in a particular area. Examples include the following:

  • Singapore Science Park, Singapore—information technology and telecommunications;

  • Hsinchu Science-Based Industrial Park, Taiwan—computers, peripherals, integrated circuits;

  • Bangalore Software Technology Park, India—software and IT services;

  • Taedok Science Town, South Korea—memory chips, aerospace;

  • Software Technology Park, Brazil—software engineering;

  • University City Science Center, U.S.A.—engineering, biomedicine, materials;

  • Helsinki Science Park, Finland—biotechnology, food industry; and

  • National Science and Technology Development Agency Science Park, Thailand—biotechnology, metals and material technology, electronics, and computer technology.

Government-run science and technology parks oriented to basic science and R&D typically host government labs. Examples include the NSTDA park in Thailand, the national science labs in the U.S. (Sandia, Los Alamos, and others), and Taedok Science Town in South Korea. Other science and technology parks resemble typical office or business parks, accommodating regional and international headquarters companies. Leading examples include Stanford Research Park, Cambridge Research Park, and Dublin Science and Technology Park in Ireland.

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