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Preparing Our Teachers: Opportunities for Better Reading Instruction
PREPARING OUR TEACHERS
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Preparing Our Teachers: Opportunities for Better Reading Instruction
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Preparing Our Teachers: Opportunities for Better Reading Instruction
PREPARING OUR TEACHERS
Opportunities for Better Reading Instruction
The New Brunswick Group
Dorothy Strickland
Catherine Snow
Peg Griffin
M.Susan Burns
Peggy McNamara
JOSEPH HENRY PRESS
WASHINGTON, D.C.
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Preparing Our Teachers: Opportunities for Better Reading Instruction
Joseph Henry Press
500 Fifth Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20001
The Joseph Henry Press, an imprint of the National Academies Press, was created with the goal of making books on science, technology, and health more widely available to professionals and the public. Joseph Henry was one of the founders of the National Academy of Sciences and a leader in early American science.
Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this volume are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Academy of Sciences or its affiliated institutions.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Preparing our teachers: opportunities for better reading instruction/Dorothy Strickland…[et al.] (the New Brunswick Group).
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-309-07445-2 (pbk.: alk. paper)
1. Reading teachers—Training of—United States. 2. Reading. I. Strickland, Dorothy S. II. New Brunswick Group.
LB2844.1.R4 P74 2002
428.4'071–dc21
2002151774
Copyright 2002 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America
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Preparing Our Teachers: Opportunities for Better Reading Instruction
Contents
Introduction Teachers of Young Children: The Agents and Champions of Literacy
1
How This Book Came to Be
6
What’s at Stake
12
What Are Teacher Education and Professional Development?
13
A Firm Footing for Learning to Teach Reading in the Early Grades
17
Who This Book Is For
20
We Must Do It, and We Can
21
Notes
23
Resources
24
Chapter 1
From Shopping Lists to Poetry: Forms and Functions of Written Language
29
Playing with Symbols
31
The Workings of Print
34
How Texts Vary
36
Oral and Written Language
37
Writing—When Children Control the Symbols
38
Sample Activities for Teacher Learning
41
Resources
52
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Preparing Our Teachers: Opportunities for Better Reading Instruction
Chapter 2
Making Meaning: Language Development and Comprehension
55
Spoken Language—a Link to literacy
58
Speaking of and in Multilingual Classrooms
60
Vocabulary Words—and the Ideas That Go With Them
62
Comprehension and Metacognition
66
Sample Activities for Teacher Learning
70
Resources
76
Chapter 3
Sounds, Letters, and Words: How Print Works
81
Facts About Sounds and Spoken Words
83
Penetrating Words—Phonemic Awareness
92
Corresponding with Letters—Phonics
98
Fast, Easy, Complete Reading—Fluency
101
Sample Activities for Teacher Learning
104
Resources
114
Chapter 4
Moving to Success: Motivating Children to Read
119
Grown-ups Have Fickle Motivations
119
Impressions of Children’s Motivations
120
Concepts Essential to Motivating Children
123
Good Reading Instruction Raises the Bar for Motivating Students
126
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Preparing Our Teachers: Opportunities for Better Reading Instruction
The Matter of Materials to Motivate Reading
127
Can the Routine Aspects of Reading Be Interesting?
129
Writing Motivates Reading
129
Teaching Directly About Motivation to Read
131
Enlisting Families to Motivate Readers
132
Culture and Motivation
133
Sample Activities for Teacher Learning
134
Resources
142
Chapter 5
Anticipating Challenges: Assessment, Prevention, and Intervention
147
Prepared to Know When to Intervene
148
Prepared to Assess All Aspects of Skilled Reading
151
Prepared to Provide Interventions
153
Instructional Groupings in Interventions
155
Computers in Interventions
155
Professional Development and Assessment
157
Sample Activities for Teacher Learning
160
Resources
167
About the Authors
175
Index
177
Credits
183
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Preparing Our Teachers: Opportunities for Better Reading Instruction
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