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FROM ANALYSIS TO ACTION: Report of a Convocation
FROM ANALYSIS TO ACTION
Report of a Convocation
Center for Science, Mathematics, and Engineering Education
National Research Council
NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
Washington, D.C. 1996
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FROM ANALYSIS TO ACTION: Report of a Convocation
NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20418
NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approvedby the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose membersare drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences,the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosenfor their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.
This report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors accordingto procedures approved by a Report Review Committee consisting ofmembers of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academyof Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.
The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuatingsociety of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineeringresearch, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technologyand to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of thecharter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has amandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientificand technical matters. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts is president of the NationalAcademy of Sciences.
The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, underthe charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organizationof outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administrationand in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academyof Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government.The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programsaimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research,and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. HaroldLiebowitz is president of the National Academy of Engineering.
The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the NationalAcademy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members ofappropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertainingto the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibilitygiven to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charterto be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative,to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr.Kenneth Shine is president of the Institute of Medicine.
The National Research Council was organized by the National Academyof Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science andtechnology with the Academy's purposes of furthering knowledge andadvising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with generalpolicies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principaloperating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and theNational Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government,the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Councilis administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine.Dr. Bruce M. Alberts and Dr. Harold Liebowitz are chairman and vicechairman, respectively, of the National Research Council.
The Center for Science, Mathematics, and Engineering Education wasestablished in 1995 to provide coordination of all the National ResearchCouncil's education activities and reform efforts for all studentsat all levels, specifically kindergarten through twelfth grade, undergraduate,school-to-work programs, and continuing education. The Center reportsdirectly to the Governing Board of the National Research Council.
Copyright 1996 by the National Academy of Sciences . All rights reserved.
Permission for limited reproduction of portions of this report foreducational purposes but not for sale may be granted upon receiptof a written request to the
National Academy Press,
2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C.20418.
Printed in the United States of America.
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FROM ANALYSIS TO ACTION: Report of a Convocation
UNDERGRADUATE CONVOCATION PROGRAM STEERING COMMITTEE
DONALD KENNEDY, Chairman Bing Professor of Environmental Studies
Stanford University Stanford, California NAS, IOM
MELVIN D. GEORGE, Vice Chairman Professor of Mathematics
University of Missouri Columbia, Missouri
MEMBERS, BOARD ON ENGINEERING EDUCATION
KARL S. PISTER Chancellor
University of California Santa Cruz, California NAE
DENICE DEE DENTON Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering
University of Wisconsin Madison, Wisconsin
MEMBERS, COMMITTEE ON UNDERGRADUATE SCIENCE EDUCATION
C. BRADLEY MOORE Professor of Chemistry
University of California Berkeley, California NAS
SHARON R. LONG Professor of Biological Sciences
Stanford University Stanford, California NAS
MEMBERS, MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES EDUCATION BOARD
HYMAN BASS Professor of Mathematics
Columbia University New York, New York NAS
SYLVIA T. BOZEMAN Professor and Chairman of Mathematics
Spelman College Atlanta, Georgia
MEMBERS-AT-LARGE
DUDLEY R. HERSCHBACH Baird Professor of Science
Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts NAS
GERALD HOLTON Mallinckrodt Professor of Physics and Professor of History of Science
Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts
ANGELICA STACY Professor of Chemistry
University of California Berkeley, California
MARILYN J. SUITER Director of Education and Human Resources
American Geological Institute Alexandria, Virginia
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FROM ANALYSIS TO ACTION: Report of a Convocation
NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL STAFF
DONNA M. GERARDI, Project Director
KIRSTEN A. SAMPSON, Program Officer
STEVE OLSON, Writer/Consultant
JEANETTE OFFENBACHER, Administrative Assistant
RUTH O'BRIEN, Staff Associate
BETH POLLARD, Temporary Project Assistant
JAY B. LABOV, Director,
Committee on Undergraduate Science Education (through July 31, 1995)
KERSTIN POLLACK, Acting Director,
Board on Engineering Education (through April 15, 1995)
KEVIN CROWLEY, Senior Program Officer,
Board on Earth Sciences and Resources
LYNN A. STEEN, Executive Director,
MathematicalSciences Education Board (through June 30,1995)
SUSAN FORMAN, Director of College and University Programs,
Mathematical Sciences Education Board (through June 30, 1995)
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FROM ANALYSIS TO ACTION: Report of a Convocation
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.
The National Academy of Sciences gratefully acknowledges the ExxonEducation Foundation for its generous financial support of the Convocationand this report, and the National Science Foundation for its co-sponsorshipof the Convocation.
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FROM ANALYSIS TO ACTION: Report of a Convocation
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FROM ANALYSIS TO ACTION: Report of a Convocation
CONTENTS
Acknowledgments
v
FROM ANALYSIS TO ACTION
1
The Convocation
3
Main Recommendations
4
Additional Issues
7
Conclusion
9
SYNOPSIS OF THE CONVOCATION
11
Students
13
Access
14
Literacy
15
Teaching
17
Competency
18
Depth
19
Faculty
20
Curriculum
21
Pedagogy
22
Educational Technologies
23
Preparation and Development
24
Institutions
26
Accountability
26
Resources
27
Transitions
28
Partnerships
29
Funders
31
Conclusion
32
References
35
Workshop Chairs and Rapporteurs
37
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FROM ANALYSIS TO ACTION: Report of a Convocation
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