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OCR for page 109
Appendix
Biographical Sketches
NEVILLE MORAY (Chair) ~ professor of industrial engineering
at the University of Toronto with responsibility for the human
factors program. He has held academic positions at Stirling Uni-
versity, the University of Toronto, the University of Sheffield, the
University of Hull, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
He is currently also a Miller visiting professor in the departments
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering and Psychology at the
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. For five years he rem
resented the United Kingdom on the NATO Science Committee
Special Panel on Human Factors. His basic research is concerned
with the role of the human in complex automated systems and the
estimation of operator mental workload. His consulting work has
included work for nuclear regulatory bodies in the United King-
dom and Canada on human factors issues for the Sizewall "B"
public inquiry, task analysis, the design clef emergency operating
procedures, models of operator error, and the use of simulators in
training. He has been responsible for organizing NATO workshops
on mental workload on human error, has served on a committee
of the IEEE on guidelines for nuclear industry human factors, and
is vice president of Human Factors North, Inc. He received B.A.
and Ph.D. degrees from Oxford University.
LINDA R. COHEN is a visiting assistant professor in the De-
partment of Economics at the University of California, Irvine.
She conducts research on the political economy of nuclear power,
109
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110
energy policy, and electricity. She has also studied federal pro-
grams to develop new technology including nuclear research and
development programs. She was a member of the Advisory Pane]
in Support of the Office of Technology Assessment of the U.S.
Congress, assessing magnetic fusion research and development in
198~1987, and a member of the Department of Energy's Program
Review Committee on Airborne Nuclear Waste Management in
1980-1982. She was an assistant editor of Public Policy from 1978
to 1980. She received an A.B. in mathematics from the Univer-
sity of California, Berkeley, and a Ph.D. in economics from the
California Institute of Technology.
RUSSELL R. DYNES is chair and professor of the Department
of Sociology at the University of Delaware. He Is also President of
the Research Committee on Disasters, International Sociological
Association. He has held academic positions at various universities
including University College, Cardiff, the University of Delaware,
the University of Delhi, Aims Shams University, the Arab States
Center for Education in Community Development, Ohio State
University, Capital University, and the University of Tennessee.
His research experience has included work on educational changes
in a transitional community, laboratory simulation studies of or-
ganizational behavior under stress, community reaction to water
resource problems in relation to planning cross cultural studies of
disasters, organizational response to major community crises, or-
ganizational communication and decision making in disaster, and
delivery of emergency medical services and mental health services
in disaster. He has been a participant in numerous conferences
and workshops on disasters and was a member of the Task Force
on Emergency Planning and Response to the Accident at Three
Mile Island. He has consulted for the Federal Disaster Assistance
Administration, the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the
Community Services Administration, the President's Reorganiza-
tion Project, the Secretario de Gobernacion, the Stanford Research
Institute, and a number of private law firms. Dynes received A.B.
and M.A. degrees from the University of Tennessee and a Ph.D.
from Ohio State University.
HERBERT ESTRADA, JR., is president of MPR Associates, Inc.
He has had firsthand experience in engineering of fluid and control
systems, 12 years of which were devoted to the design, analysis,
field installation, test and evaluation of naval nuclear propulsion
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111
plant systems. Since 1964 he has been responsible for the technical
coordination and direction of projects including design, analysis,
testing, and operation of nuclear fossil-fueled power and marine
propulsion systems, hydraulic, pneumatic, and electronic control
systems, electrical systems, and fluid systems. From 1951 through
1963 he worked at the Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory of West-
inghouse Electric Corporation; his responsibilities there included:
supervisor of advanced surface ship control engineering, chief test
engineer for acceptance testing of Bettwdesigned reactors for nu-
clear submarines at Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, lead engineer for
nuclear plant analysis of Skate Class Nuclear Submarines, and
designer of power range instrumentation and reactor protection
systems and hardware for the U.S.S. Nautilus. Estrada received a
B.S. in electrical engineering from the University of Pennsylvania.
He has taken graduate courses in physics and mathematics at the
University of Pittsburgh.
CLAY E. GEORGE is professor of psychology at Texas Tech
University. He has conducted research on adaptive behavior, team
effectiveness, team performance, intragroup coordination, interfer-
ence and fatigue in multit ask training situations, and team mem-
ber coordination. He has held positions at George Washington
University, Arizona State University, the University of Houston,
and Texas A & M University. He has been a consultant for nu-
merous institutions, including Goodyear Aircraft, the U.S. Army
Infantry School, the U.S. Army Human Engineering Laboratory,
the Houston Chapter of Industrial Engineers, Lubbock Mental
Health Association, Matheson, Bieneman, Veale, & Parr, Attor-
neys at Law, ant! Applied Science Associates, Inc. He is a member
of the American Psychological Association. George received a
B.S. in psychology and sociology from Arizona State University,
M.A. degrees in psychology and anthropology from the Univer-
sity of Arizona, and a Ph.D. in psychology from the University of
Houston.
PAUL M. HAAS is a manager of Advanced Systems Technol-
ogy, International Technology Corporation, and is responsible for
technical management of a national program related to severe
accidents in advanced nuclear reactors and for development of
programs in systems engineering and science. From 1976 to 1987
he was head of the Reliability and Human Factors Group, Engi-
neering Physics and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National
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112
Laboratory, where he had technical, management, and admin-
istrative responsibility for an interdisciplinary group conducting
research in human-system engineering and science. He has 13 years
of professional experience in systems safety, reliability, and human
factors. HE research experience has included analysm of severe
accidents in advanced reactors, reliability data systems and data
anIaysis, human factors, training systems and human performance
modeling. His management experience includes technical, person-
nel, and financial management of tasks, projects, and multiproject
programs. His professional affiliations include the American Nu-
clear Society, the Human Factors Society, and the Risk Society of
America. Haas received a B.S. in engineering science and M.S. and
Ph.D. degrees in nuclear engineering from the University of Vir-
ginia. He has taken a postdoctoral course in cognitive psychology
at the University of Tennessee.
LARRY HIRSCHHORN ~ a senior researcher at the Management
and Behavioral Science Center of the Wharton School. He con-
ducts research in the areas of manufacturing and office technology,
the problems and opportunities posed by group and team work,
and the impacts of computerized production processes on job and
organization design. In addition, he does consulting work on such
issues as organization design, job design, organization process,
and problems of role and authority. His clients have included the
Sun Company, Exxon Enterprises, the Nuclear Regulatory Com-
mission, the Legal Services Corporation, and Wallace, Roberts
and Todd. Hirschhorn received a B.A. in economics from Bran-
deis University and a Ph.D. in economics from the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology.
BEVERLY M. HUEY served as a research associate to the panel.
As a staff member of the Committee on Human Factors, the
projects she is involved in include one on pilot performance model-
ing in CAD/CAE facilities and a workshop report on multicolored
displays. While completing course requirements for a doctoral
degree, she has had practice placements as an engineering psy-
chologist in the Close Combat (Light and Heavy) Directorate of
the U.S. Army Human Engineering Laboratory and as a data
analyst and consultant for a counseling center. In addition, she
has taught courses in statistics and the use of computer statistical
packages. She is currently a member of the Human Factors Society,
the American Statistical Association, Psi Chi, and Alpha Kappa
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113
Delta. Huey received B.S. degrees in psychology and sociology
from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and an
M.A. in psychology from George Mason University. A graduate
student in the Psychology Department of George Mason Univer-
sity in the Human Factors Engineering Program, she expects to
receive a Psy.D. degree in 1989.
JOYCE KEEN is the director of the Department of Clinical
Psychology at Iowa Methodist Medical Center, the largest health
system in Iowa. In addition to administrative duties, she is an
active clinician specializing in psychophysiology and behavioral
medicine. Her previous research has included human isolation
studies, longitudinal child development studies, the psychology
of morbid obesity patients electing gastric stapling, and indexing
studies in behavior therapy for the Ford Foundation. She was
formerly a registered nurse, with experience in spinal cord injury,
neurosurgery, urology, medicine, surgery, psychiatry, as well as
chemical dependency and eating disorders. She received a B.A.
in psychology from the University of Alabama, a Ph.D. in clinical
psychology from Nova University, and completed a postdoctoral
internship in clinical psychology at the Ohio State University Hos-
pital.
TODD. R. LAPORTE is professor of political science and asso-
ciate director of the Institute of Governmental Studies at the Uni-
versity of California, Berkeley. He conducts research on the struc-
ture and decision-making dynamics of complex, technologically
intensive organizations, and the effects of advanced technologies
on organizational and regulatory development. His recent work
includes studies of public policy and organizational dilemmas of
radioactive waste management, as well as institutional effects of
alternative energy technologies on utilities and regulators in the
operating technologies demanding a very high level of operational
reliability, especially, air traffic control, regional electrical power
systems, the nuclear power fuel cycle, and naval aircraft carrier op-
erations. He has served on the National Research Council's Board
on Radioactive Waste Management and on the External Advisory
Cornrnittee, Energy Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratories.
He is a member of the National Academy of Public Adminis-
tration, has been a fellow at the Woodrow Wilson International
Center for Scholars, Smithsonian Institution, and has been a re-
search fellow at the Sciences Center in Berlin. He received a B.A.
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114
from the University of Dubuque and M.A. and Ph.D. degrees from
Stanford University.
JENS RASMUSSEN is a professor of cognitive engineering at
the Riso National Laboratory, Roskilde, and the Technical Uni-
versity of Copenhagen, Denmark. Previously he was head of the
Electronics Department at Riso. He has been working on control
and instrumentation for research reactors and reactor experunents
and has been chairman of the Riso reactor safety committee. Since
1960 he has been active in research in probabilistic risk analysis
and, in particular, in human reliability and analysis of human
performance in complex systems. He has served on several pan-
els and committees on these issues; he was the chair of a group
of experts on human error analysis and quantification under the
OECD Committee on the Safety of Nuclear Installations and a
member of the NATO Special Program Pane] on Human Factors.
He is an member of the Danish Academy of Technical Sciences.
He received an M.Sc. degree in electronic engineering from the
Technical University of Copenhagen.
RICHARD SHIKIAR is director of the Human Affairs Research
Centers (MARC) of Battelle Memorial Institute. Previous posi-
tions at HARC include director of the Social Change Study Center
and coordinator of its organizational effectiveness program. Over
the past eight years, he has directed and worked on a number of
research and consulting projects involving human behavior in po-
tentially hazardous facilities. His substantive contributions include
safety assessments at a chemical facility, determination of generic
human factors improvements to safety at liquified natural gas fa-
cilities, and a variety of applications at nuclear power plants. The
latter inclucle development of a content sampling approach to the
operator licensing exam administered by the Nuclear Regulatory
Cornrnission, determination of appropriate educational qualifica-
tions for operators, assessment and improvements in emergency
operating procedures, and development of methods for assessing
utility management. As manager of the safety technology pro-
gram, he was involved in analysis of the human side of safety from
man-machine interface issues to management and organizational
analyses. Prior to his positions at Battelle, he was associate pro-
fessor of industrial/organizational psychology at Colorado State
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115
University. He received a B.S. degree at the City College of the
City University of New York and M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in psy-
chology from the University of Illinois.
J. ED. SMITH is president of Ed's Nuclear Service Corporation.
He retired from Duke Power Company in 1986 after a career there
beginning in 1949. He has extensive power plant experience in
both fossil and nuclear plants, the last 27 years in the nuclear field.
After completing the Oak Ridge School of Reactor Technology in
1961, he participated in the checkout, startup, operation, and
decommissioning of the Carolina~Virginia Tube Reactor. In 1967
he was named station manager for the three-unit Oconee Nuclear
Station and served in this position until 1984, when he became an
assistant to the vice president, nuclear, and served as such until
his retirement. He has broad industry experience including work
with the Institute of Nuclear Power Operations, the Nuclear Utility
Management and Resource Committee, and the American Nuclear
Society. Currently, he provides nuclear consulting services to three
utilities, primarily as a member of their independent safety review
boards. He holds a B.M.E. degree from North Carolina State
University and an M.S. in nuclear engineering from the University
of South Carolina.
HAROLD P. VAN COTT ~ senior staff officer and study di-
rector of the Committee on Human Factors. He has served as
vice president of the Essex Corporation; chief scientist at Biotech-
nology Inc.; chief of consumer sciences research at the National
Bureau of Standards; and director of the Institute for Human
Perfomance Research at the American Institutes for Research.
His nuclear human factors experience includes work on the de-
velopment of NUREG-0700 and NUREG-0801; management of
10 control room design reviews; human factors studies for Toledo
Edison, the Electric Power Research Institute, the Oak Ridge and
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories, the Atomic Energy
Control Board of Canada; and the development and presentation
of human factors workshops for power plants and Department of
Energy laboratories. He is a fellow of the Human Factors Soci-
ety and a member of the American Psychological Association, the
American Association for the Advancement of Science, and the
Washington Academy of Science. Van Cott obtained M.A. and
Ph.D. degrees from the University of North Carolina.
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116
DAVID A. WARD is a research manager on special assignment
at the Savannah River Laboratory of E.~. duPont de Nemours
and Co. He is also currently a member and past chairman of the
Advisory Committee on Reactor Safeguards to the Nuclear Reg-
ulatory Commission. Prior to his present assignment, Ward was
manager of the Reactor Safety Research Division and, earlier, of
the Nuclear Engineering Division at the Savannah River Labora-
tory. From 1975 to 1980, he was superintendent of the Reactor
Technology Department at the Savannah River Plant. He joined
the DuPont Company after receiving a B.S. degree in mechanical
engineering from the University of Illinois in 1953 and has held a
variety of other engineering and supervisory assignments involving
research ant! development activities in thermal hydraulics, safety
analysis, and operations of nuclear reactors. He has been a mem-
ber of the Advisory Committee on Reactor Safeguards since 1980
and has been extensively involved with the comm~ttee's work in
human factors. He was a member of the National Research Coun-
cil's Committee on Advanced Nuclear Systems in 1982 and is a
fellow of the American Nuclear Society.
DAVID D. WOODS Is a senior research psychologist at Westing-
house Research and Development Center. He conducts research
on human perception, attention, and decision making. He created
and managed a research program in cognitive engineering that in-
vestigates human problem solving in complex-driven worlds. This
work explores what is effective support for human problem solvers
through (1) studies of problem solving in dynamic situations, (2)
models of cognitive processes in person-machine environments,
and (33 the development of new kinds of support systems. He has
conducted some of the initial work on operational decision mak-
ing in simulated and actual nuclear power plant situations. He
was also the codirector of two international meetings on cognitive
engineering and artificial intelligence in complex woricls. Woods
received a B.A. in psychology from Canisius College and M.S. and
Ph.D. degrees in cognitive psychology from Purdue University.
Representative terms from entire chapter:
waste management
