Creating Lasting

Connections^a,b

Age: 12–14

Location: Family, church, community

Sessions: Youth (15 hrs); parents (55 hrs); volunteer service (18 hrs); follow-up and consultation support (1 yr)

Content: Church community mobilization, parent and youth strategies to promote communication and self-management skills, follow-up case management service

↑ Youth use of community services, related action tendencies, perceived helpfulness

↓ Onset of substance abuse delayed as parents changed their substance use beliefs and knowledge

Psychological

emotional

social

physical

Emotional and instrumental support; belonging; positive social norms; opportunities for skill building; integration with family, schools, and community

ENABL^e

Age: 12–13

Grade: 7th–8th

Location: School classroom, community organization

Sessions: 5, 1 hr each

Content: Social influence theory; help youth understand social and peer pressures to have sex, develop and apply resistance skills, emphasis on postponing sexual involvement.

↑ Pregnancies in teen-led groups, otherwise no effects ↓

Psychological

emotional

social

physical

Positive social norms; opportunities for skill building; integration with family, schools, and community