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Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 1987. Agricultural Biotechnology: Strategies for National Competitiveness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1005.
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Page 145
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 1987. Agricultural Biotechnology: Strategies for National Competitiveness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1005.
×
Page 146
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 1987. Agricultural Biotechnology: Strategies for National Competitiveness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1005.
×
Page 147
Suggested Citation:"References." National Research Council. 1987. Agricultural Biotechnology: Strategies for National Competitiveness. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/1005.
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Page 148

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References Agricultural Research Institute. 1985. A Survey of U.S. Agricultural Re- search by Private Industry III. Bethesda, Md.: Agricultural Research Institute. Anderson, C. J. 1984. Plant Biology Personnel and Training at Doctorate- Granting Institutions. Higher Education Panel Reports No. 62. Wash- ington, D.C.: American Council on Education. Blumenthal, D., M. Gluck, K. S. Louis, and D. Wise. 1986. Industrial support of university research in biotechnology. Science 231:242-246. Bonnen, J. J. 1983. Historical sources of U.S. agricultural productivity: implications for R&D policy and social science research. Am. J. Agric. Eco. 65 :958-966. Brown, A. W. A., T. C. Byerly, M. Gibbs, and A. San Pietro. 1975. Crop Productivity-Research Imperatives. Paper presented at an interna- tional conference held at Boyne Highlands Inn, Harbor Springs, Mich., October 20-24, 1975. Buttel, F. H., M. Kenney, and J. Kloppenburg. 1985. Industry-University Relationships and the Land-Grant System. Paper presented at a Sym- posium on the Agricultural Scientific Enterprise, University of Kentucky, Lexington, March 1985. Carson, R. 1962. Silent Spring. Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin. Cole, S., L. Rubin, and J. R. Cole. 1978. Peer Review in the National Science Foundation, National Research Council. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. Evenson, R. E., P. E. Waggoner, and V. W. Ruttan. 1979. Economic benefits from research: an example from agriculture. Science 205:1101-1107. Evenson, R. E., and B. Wright. 1980. An Evaluation of Methods for Examining the Quality of Agricultural Research. U.S. Food and Agri- cultural Research Paper No. 6. Washington, D.C.: Office of Technology Assessment. 145

146 AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY Experiment Station Committee on Organization and Policy. 1984. Research 1984. The State Agricultural Experiment Stations. Cooperative State Research Service. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Agriculture. Government-University-Industry Research Roundtable. 1986. New Alliances and Partnerships in American Science and Engineering. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. Hightower, J. 1973. Hard Tomatoes, Hard Times. Cambridge, Mass.: Schenkman. Institute of Medicine. 1985. Personnel Needs and Training for Biomedical and Behavioral Research. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. Institute of Medicine. 1983. Personnel Needs and Training for Biomedical and Behavioral Research. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. Intersociety Working Group. 1986. AAAS Report XI. Research and Devel- opment, FY 1987. Washington, D.C.: American Association for the Advancement of Science. Kiesler, S. 1986. Thinking ahead, the hidden messages in computer networks. Harvard Bus. Rev. 64:46-59. Magrath, W. B. 1985. Factors Affecting the Location of the U.S. Biotech- nology Industry. Agricultural Economics Staff Paper 85-26, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y. Mayer, A., and J. Mayer. 1974. Agriculture, the island empire. Daedalus 103:83-95. National Agricultural Research and Extension Users Advisory Board. 1986. Appraisal of the Proposed 1987 Budget for Food and Agricultural Sciences. Report to the President and Congress. W~hin~t:~n n lo. U.S. Department of Agriculture. ~. . _ . . lo, ~ _ ~ ^, ~ . i_ . . National Association of State Universities and Land-Grant Colleges. 1986. Emerging Biotechnologies in Agriculture: Issues and Policies. Progress Report V. Washington, D.C.: NASULGC. National Association of State Universities and Land-Grant Colleges. 1985. Emerging Biotechnologies in Agriculture: Issues and Policies. Progress Report IV. Washington, D.C.: NASULG C. National Association of State Universities and Land-Grant Colleges. 1984. Emerging Biotechnologies in Agriculture: Issues and Policies. Progress Report III. Washington, D.C.: NASULG C. National Association of State Universities and Land-Grant Colleges. 1983. Emerging Biotechnologies in Agriculture Issues ancl P~liri~c Prma~r= Report II. Washington D.C.: NASULOC. National Center for Education Statistics. 1985. The Condition of Education. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Education. National Research Council. 1985a. New Directions for Biosciences Research in Agriculture: High-Reward Opportunities. Washington, D.C.: Na- tional Academy Press. National Research Council. 1985b. Report of the Research Briefing Panel on Agricultural Research. In New Pathways in Science and Technology: Collected Research Briefings 1982-1984, COSEPUP (pp. 62-873. New York: Random House.

REFERENCES 147 National Research Council. 1984. Genetic Engineering of Plants: Agricul- tural Research Opportunities and Policy Concerns. Proceedings of a convocation sponsored by the Board of Agriculture, National Research Council. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. National Research Council. 1983. Summary Report 1983, Doctorate Re- cipients from United States Universities. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. National Research Council. 1975. World Food and Nutrition Study: En- hancement of Food Production for the United States. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. National Research Council. 1972. Report of the Committee on Research Advisory to the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. National Science Board. 1985. Science Indicators: The 1985 Report. Wash- ington, D.C.: National Science Foundation. National Science Board Commission on Precollege Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology. 1983. Educating Americans for the 21st Century. Washington; D.C.: National Science Foundation. National Science Foundation. 1986. Federal Funding for Research and Devel- opment: Federal Obligations for Research to Universities and Colleges FY 1973-1986. Washington, D.C.: National Science Foundation. National Science Foundation. 1983. Science Indicators 1982. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. Office of Science and Technology Policy. 1986. Coordinated framework for regulation of biotechnology: announcement of policy and notice for public comment. Fed. Regist. 51~123~:23301-23393. Office of Technology Assessment. 1986. Technology, Public Policy, and the Changing Structure of American Agriculture (OTA-F-285~. Washing- ton, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. Office of Technology Assessment. 1984. Commercial Biotechnology: An International Analysis. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. Office of Technology Assessment. 1983. Commercial Biotechnology. An International Analysis (0-25-561~. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. Office of Technology Assessment. 1981. An Assessment of the U.S. Food and Agricultural Research System (OTA-F-155~. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. OMEC International. 1985. Patent analysis. Biotechnol. Patent Dig. 4~10):150-151. Omenn, G. S. 1982a. University-Corporate Relations in Science and Tech- nology. Paper presented at the National Conference on University- Corporate Relations in Science and Technology, University of Pennsyl- vania, Philadelphia, 15 December 1982. Omenn, G. S. 1982b. Taking university research into the marketplace. New Engl. J. Med. 307:694-700. Press, F. 1986. Science: the best and worst of times. Science 231:1351-1352. Roberts, E. B. 1982. Is licensing an effective alternative? Res. Manage. 9:20-24.

148 AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY Ruttan, V. W. 1982. Agricultural Research Policy. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. Sitting, M., and R. Noyes. 1985. Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Firms Worldwide Directory. Kingston, N.J.: Sitting and Noyes. U.S. Commissioner of Patents and Trademarks. 1985. Annual Report Fiscal Year '84. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Commerce, Patent and Trademark Office. U.S. Department of Agriculture. 1986. Inventory of Agricultural Research Fiscal Year 1985. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Agriculture. . General Accounting Office. 1986. Biotechnology: Analysis of Feder- ally Funded Research (GAO/RCED-86-187~. Washington, D.C.: U.S. General Accounting Office. U.S. General Accounting Office. 1985. Biotechnology: The U.S. Department of Agriculture's Biotechnology Research Efforts (GAO/RCED-86-39- BR). Washington, D.C.: U.S. General Accounting Office. Webber, D. 1984. Biotechnology firms gird for clash over patent claims. Chem. Eng. News 12:18-24. White House Science Council Panel on the Health of U.S. Colleges and Universities. 1986. A Renewed Partnership. Office of Science and Technology Policy. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. Winrock International. 1982. Science for Agriculture: Report of a Work- shop on Critical Issues in American Agricultural Research. New York: Rockefeller Foundation.

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Biotechnology offers tremendous potential for improving crop production, animal agriculture, and bioprocessing. It can provide scientists with new ways to develop higher-yielding and more nutritious crop varieties, to improve resistance to disease, or to reduce the need for inputs of fertilizers and other expensive agricultural chemicals. This book explores the United States' ability to solve important agricultural problems, effectively use funds and institutional structures to support biotechnology research for agriculture, train researchers in new scientific areas, efficiently transfer technology, and regulate and test recombinant DNA organisms in the field.

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