National Academies Press: OpenBook
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan

A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas

National Research Council

Division on Earth and Life Studies

Water Science and Technology Board

Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology

Committee on Restoration of the Greater Everglades Ecosystem



NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS
Washington, D.C.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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    NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS 2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20418

    NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competencies and with regard for appropriate balance.

    Supported by the South Florida Ecosystem Restoration Task Force, Department of Interior, under assistance of Cooperative Agreement No. 5280-9-9029. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the Government.

    This report is available from the National Academy Press , 2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20418, (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313 (in the Washington metropolitan area); internet < http://www.nap.edu >.

    International Standard Book Number 0-309-07347-2

    Copyright 2001 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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    THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

    Advisers to the Nation on Science, Engineering, and Medicine

    National Academy of Sciences

    National Academy of Engineering

    Institute of Medicine

    National Research Council

    Printed in the United States of America

    The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts is president of the National Academy of Sciences.

    The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievement of engineers. Dr. William A. Wulf is president of the National Academy of Engineering.

    The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Kenneth I. Shine is president of the Institute of Medicine.

    The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy's purposes of 0furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts and Dr. William A. Wulf are chairman and vice chairman, respectively, of the National Research Council.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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    COMMITTEE ON RESTORATION OF THE GREATER EVERGLADES ECOSYSTEM

    JAMES M. DAVIDSON , Chair, University of Florida (ret.), Gainesville

    SCOTT W. NIXON , University of Rhode Island, Narragansett

    JOHN S. ADAMS , University of Minnesota, Minneapolis

    JEAN M. BAHR , University of Wisconsin, Madison

    LINDA K. BLUM , University of Virginia, Charlottesville

    PATRICK L. BREZONIK , University of Minnesota, St. Paul

    FRANK W. DAVIS , University of California, Santa Barbara

    WAYNE C. HUBER , Oregon State University, Corvallis

    STEPHEN R. HUMPHREY , University of Florida, Gainesville

    DANIEL P. LOUCKS , Cornell University, Ithaca, New York

    GORDON H. ORIANS , University of Washington, Seattle (resigned December 2000)

    KENNETH W. POTTER , University of Wisconsin, Madison

    LARRY ROBINSON , Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, Tallahassee

    STEVEN E. SANDERSON , Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia

    REBECCA R. SHARITZ , Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Aiken, South Carolina, and University of Georgia, Atlanta

    JOHN VECCHIOLI , U.S. Geological Survey (ret.), Tallahassee, Florida

    NRC Staff

    STEPHEN D. PARKER , Director, Water Science and Technology Board

    DAVID J. POLICANSKY , Associate Director, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology

    WILLIAM S. LOGAN , Staff Officer, Water Science and Technology Board

    PATRICIA JONES KERSHAW , Staff Associate, Water Science and Technology Board

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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    WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY BOARD

    HENRY J. VAUX , Jr., Chair, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California, Oakland

    RICHARD G. LUTHY , Vice Chair, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

    RICHELLE M. ALLEN -KING , Washington State University, Pullman

    GREGORY B. BAECHER , University of Maryland, College Park

    JOHN BRISCOE , The World Bank, Washington, D.C.

    EFI FOUFOULA -GEORGIOU , University of Minnesota, Minneapolis

    STEVEN P. GLOSS , University of Wyoming, Laramie

    WILLIAM A. JURY , University of California, Riverside

    GARY S. LOGSDON , Black & Veatch, Cincinnati, Ohio

    DIANE M. MC KNIGHT , University of Colorado, Boulder

    JOHN W. MORRIS , J.W. Morris Ltd., Arlington, Virginia

    PHILIP A. PALMER (Retired), E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Delaware

    REBECCA T. PARKIN , The George Washington University, Washington, D.C.

    RUTHERFORD H. PLATT , University of Massachusetts, Amherst

    JOAN B. ROSE , University of South Florida, St. Petersburg

    JERALD L. SCHNOOR , University of Iowa, Iowa City

    R. RHODES TRUSSELL , Montgomery Watson, Pasadena, California

    Staff

    STEPHEN D. PARKER , Director

    LAURA J. EHLERS , Senior Staff Officer

    CHRIS ELFRING , Senior Staff Officer

    JEFFREY W. JACOBS , Senior Staff Officer

    MARK C. GIBSON , Staff Officer

    WILLIAM S. LOGAN , Staff Officer

    M. JEANNE AQUILINO , Administrative Associate

    PATRICIA JONES KERSHAW , Study/Research Associate

    ANITA A. HALL , Administrative Assistant

    ELLEN DE GUZMAN , Senior Project Assistant

    ANIKE L. JOHNSON , Project Assistant

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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    BOARD ON ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES AND TOXICOLOGY

    GORDON ORIANS (Chair), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington

    JOHN DOULL , University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas

    DAVID ALLEN , University of Texas, Austin, Texas

    INGRID C. BURKE , Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado

    THOMAS BURKE , Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland

    GLEN R. CASS , Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia

    WILLIAM L. CHAMEIDES , Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia

    CHRISTOPHER B. FIELD , Carnegie Institute of Washington, Stanford, California

    JOHN GERHART , University of California, Berkeley, California

    J. PAUL GILMAN , Celera Genomics, Rockville, Maryland

    DANIEL S. GREENBAUM , Health Effects Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts

    BRUCE D. HAMMOCK , University of California, Davis, California

    ROGENE HENDERSON , Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico

    CAROL HENRY , American Chemistry Council, Arlington, Virginia

    ROBERT HUGGETT , Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan

    JAMES F. KITCHELL , University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin

    DANIEL KREWSKI , University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario

    JAMES A. MAC MAHON , Utah State University, Logan, Utah

    CHARLES O'MELIA , Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland

    WILLEM F. PASSCHIER , Health Council of the Netherlands, The Hague

    ANN POWERS , Pace University School of Law, White Plains, New York

    KIRK SMITH , University of California, Berkeley, California

    TERRY F. YOSIE , American Chemistry Council, Arlington, Virginia

    Senior Staff

    JAMES J. REISA , Director

    DAVID J. POLICANSKY , Associate Director and Senior Program Director for Applied Ecology

    RAYMOND A. WASSEL , Senior Program Director for Environmental Sciences and Engineering

    KULBIR BAKSHI , Program Director for the Committee on Toxicology

    ROBERTA M. WEDGE , Program Director for Risk Analysis

    K. JOHN HOLMES , Senior Staff Officer

Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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Preface

This report is a product of the Committee on Restoration of the Greater Everglades Ecosystem (CROGEE), which provides consensus advice to the South Florida Ecosystem Restoration Task Force (“Task Force”). The Task Force was first established in 1993 and was codified in the 1996 Water Resources Development Act (WRDA); its responsibilities include the development of a comprehensive plan for restoring, preserving and protecting the South Florida ecosystem, and the coordination of related research. The CROGEE works under the auspices of the Water Science and Technology Board and the Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology of the National Research Council.

Much, but not all, of the material used for this report came directly or indirectly from the Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) workshop held by the CROGEE in Miami, Florida, on October 19, 2000. The workshop was open to the public and was attended by about 60 people including personnel from the South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD) and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), federal, state and local agencies, universities, consulting firms, and environmental organizations. There were 10 invited experts from government, academia and the private sector, and eight members of the CROGEE present. The workshop agenda and list of participants are shown in Appendices A and B, respectively.

ASR was chosen as the workshop topic for several important reasons. First, ASR is a critical element of the restoration effort, accounting for a significant amount of the storage of water presently being lost to tide through the St. Lucie and Caloosahatchee basins. The restoration plan anticipates capturing this water during wet intervals and releasing it for ecological use and for water supply when needed.

Second, due to the technical and regulatory uncertainties of implementing ASR at the proposed scale, the 1999 WRDA contained authorization for the execution of two ASR pilot projects – one for the area around Lake Okeechobee, and another for the western Hillsboro site in Palm Beach County. These two pilot projects were the first of the 31 projects and six pilot projects to be implemented under the Master Project Management Plan to have individual Project Management Plans prepared for them. Thus, there were written materials available for the committee to evaluate.

Finally, these documents were still in a draft form, and their authors have been actively soliciting input from federal, state, and local agencies, academia, and the private sector. The designers of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP) have incorporated into the plan the concept of adaptive assessment, i.e., the development of a protocol for collecting and interpreting new information for the purpose of improving the design of the restoration plan. The two ASR pilot projects seemed to be highly appropriate targets for the application of this principle; that is, the time appeared right to help the USACE and SFWMD to maximize the opportunities for learning from the ASR pilot projects.

Thus, the ASR pilot projects were chosen for attention by the CROGEE not because they were perceived to be any more or less well designed than other aspects of the Comprehensive Plan, but because of their importance to the overall restoration effort, and because they were at an optimal planning stage for constructive feedback.

The primary documents submitted to the committee for their evaluation were the “second drafts” of the Project Management Plans for the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Aquifer

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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Storage and Recovery Pilot Projects, dated September 2000. (Later drafts of these plans now are available but were not evaluated by the committee for this report.) Following receipt of these documents, but prior to the workshop, the committee submitted a list of questions about the plans, organized by theme, to the designers of the pilot projects. The answers to these questions were supplied to the CROGEE several days before the workshop ( Appendix C). This procedure saved valuable time during the workshop, and enabled the committee to focus on specific issues of interest.

The workshop was planned with the cooperation and assistance of Peter Kwiatkowski, Project Manager (SFWMD) for the Lake Okeechobee ASR Pilot Project; Rick Nevulis, Project Manager (SFWMD) for the Western Hillsboro ASR Pilot Project; Glenn Landers, Project Manager (USACE) for both Pilot Projects; Terrence “Rock” Salt, Executive Director of the Task Force; Peter Ortner, liaison to the South Florida Ecosystem Restoration Working Group; Paul Dresler, liaison to the Department of the Interior; and many others. Peter Kwiatkowski also took the lead for the Task Force agencies to present the ASR plans at the workshop.

The Committee is grateful for the participation in the workshop of the following invited experts: Walt Schmidt, Florida Geological Survey; Robert Renken, U.S. Geological Survey; Donald McNeill, University of Miami; James Cowart, Florida State University; Joan Rose, University of South Florida; Richard Harvey, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Joan Browder, Southeast Fisheries Science Center; Mark Pearce, Water Resource Solutions Inc.; Rich Deuerling, Florida Department of Environmental Protection; and Tom Missimer, CDM-Missimer International. We are also grateful for the oral and written comments of other participants in the workshop. The Committee also acknowledges the previous efforts of the ASR Issue Team members, many of whom attended this workshop, who identified many of the crucial gaps in knowledge in their 1999 report to the Task Force.

Within the CROGEE, the Workshop was planned by a subgroup consisting of CROGEE members Jean Bahr, Patrick Brezonik, and John Vecchioli and NRC staff officer Will Logan. Following the workshop, the CROGEE members present met to outline their major conclusions. These were drafted, presented to the full CROGEE, and revised during a closed meeting the following day. Subsequent to the workshop, participants submitted additional materials to the committee ( Appendix D), and these were also considered in drafting the report. All members have had a subsequent opportunity to review the full text of the report, which should be considered as a consensus report of the full CROGEE. It should also be emphasized that these conclusions do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the other participants in the workshop.

This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the NRC's Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this report:

Wilfried H. Brutsaert, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York

James Crook, Black & Veatch, Boston, Massachusetts

James T. Morris, University of South Carolina, Columbia

Zhuping Sheng, El Paso Water Utilities, Texas

Carol Wicks, University of Missouri, Columbia

William W. Woessner, University of Montana, Missoula

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or recommendations nor did they see the final draft of the report before its release. The review of this report was overseen by George M. Hornberger, University of Virginia, appointed by the Division on Earth and Life Studies. Dr. Hornberger was responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authoring committee and the institution.

James M. Davidson, Chair

Committee on Restoration of the Greater Everglades Ecosystem

Jean M. Bahr, Chair

CROGEE Subcommittee on Aquifer Storage and Recovery

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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Page xii

Page xiii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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Page xiii

Contents

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1
    Concerns about the role of ASR in the CERP 1
    The pilot projects 1
    The Committee's Charge 2
    Regional Science Issues 3
    Water Quality Issues 3
    Local Performance/Feasibility Issues 4
    General Conclusions 4
INTRODUCTION 6
    Importance of ASR to Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP) 6
    Concerns expressed about large-scale ASR in South Florida 7
    The Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro ASR Projects 8
    The Committee's Charge 10
REGIONAL SCIENCE ISSUES 12
    Motivation 12
    Issues Discussed 12
    Conclusions and Recommendations 13
WATER QUALITY ISSUES 15
    Motivation 15
    Issues Discussed 15
    Conclusions and Recommendations 16
LOCAL PERFORMANCE/FEASIBILITY ISSUES 18
    Motivation 18
    Issues Discussed 18
    Conclusions and Recommendations 19
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 21
REFERENCES 23
APPENDIX A     WORKSHOP AGENDA 26
APPENDIX B     WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS 28
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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APPENDIX C     QUESTIONS SENT TO THE SFWMD PRIOR TO THE WORKSHOP, AND ITS RESPONSES 30
APPENDIX D     WORKSHOP-RELATED MATERIALS RECEIVED BY THE COMMITTEE AFTER THE WORKSHOP AND PRIOR TO FINALIZATION OF THE REPORT 40
APPENDIX E     EXCERPTS FROM DRAFT PROJECT MANAGEMENT PLAN – LAKE OKEECHOBEE 41
APPENDIX F     EXCERPTS FROM DRAFT PROJECT MANAGEMENT PLAN – WESTERN HILLSBORO 46
APPENDIX G     BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS 55
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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Page xv

Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan

A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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Page xvi

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
×
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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Page viii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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Page R12
Page xiii Cite
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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Page R13
Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." National Research Council. 2001. Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan: A Critique of the Pilot Projects and Related Plans for ASR in the Lake Okeechobee and Western Hillsboro Areas. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10061.
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Page R16
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Aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) is a process by which water is recharged through wells to an aquifer and extracted for beneficial use at some later time from the same wells. ASR is proposed as a major water storage component in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP), developed jointly by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and the South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD). The plan would use the Upper Floridan aquifer (UFA) to store as much as 1.7 billion gallons per day (gpd) (6.3 million m3/day) of excess surface water and shallow groundwater during wet periods for recovery during seasonal or longer-term dry periods, using about 333 wells. ASR represents about one-fifth of the total estimated cost of the CERP.

Aquifer Storage and Recovery in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan examines pilot project from the perspective of adaptive assessment, i.e., the extent to which the pilot projects will contribute to process understanding that can improve design and implementation of restoration project components. This report is a critique of the pilot projects and related studies.

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