. "Appendix C: Tabulations of Responses to Survey Part 1." Contracting for Bus and Demand-Responsive Transit Services: A Survey of U.S. Practice and Experience -- Special Report 258. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2001.
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Contracting for Bus and Demand-Responsive Transit Services: A Survey of U.S. Practice and Experience
APPENDIX C Tabulations of Responses to Survey Part 1
TABLE C-1Does your agency contract for any public transit services?
Any Contracting
Systems
Percent
Yes
156
60.2%
No
103
39.8%
Total Responding
259
100.0%
TABLE C-2For what type of organization do you work? (Survey response pattern by system type compared with pattern for all systems receiving the survey.)
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Contracting for Bus and Demand-Responsive Transit Services: A Survey of U.S. Practice and Experience
APPENDIX C
Tabulations of Responses to Survey Part 1
TABLE C-1 Does your agency contract for any public transit services?
Any Contracting
Systems
Percent
Yes
156
60.2%
No
103
39.8%
Total Responding
259
100.0%
TABLE C-2 For what type of organization do you work? (Survey response pattern by system type compared with pattern for all systems receiving the survey.)
Organization Type
Contracting Systems
Percent
Non-contracting Systems
Percent
Total Responding Systems
Percent
Non-responding Systems
Percent
Regional Transit Agency
69
44.2%
37
35.9%
106
40.9%
95
39.1%
City Agency
53
34.0%
48
46.6%
101
39.0%
103
42.4%
County Agency
16
10.3%
10
9.7%
26
10.0%
37
15.2%
State Transit Agency
2
1.3%
2
1.9%
4
1.5%
3
1.2%
Other
16
10.3%
6
5.8%
22
8.5%
5
2.1%
Total Responding
156
100.0%
103
100.0%
259
100.0%
243
100.0%
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Contracting for Bus and Demand-Responsive Transit Services: A Survey of U.S. Practice and Experience
TABLE C-3 Please tell us about the transit services that your agency provides.
Type of Service
Directly Operated
Contracted
Responding Systems
Percent Contracted
Bus
151
82
203
40.4%
DR (ADA)
87
121
188
64.4%
DR (Dial-a-Ride)
27
71
83
85.5%
Commuter Rail
5
7
11
63.6%
Heavy Rail
10
0
10
0.0%
Light Rail
10
1
10
10.0%
Vanpool
12
13
24
54.2%
Ferryboat
3
8
11
72.7%
Other
3
7
9
77.8%
NOTE: DR=demand-responsive service.
TABLE C-4 What type of services do you contract?
Type of Service
Total Contracts
Percent
DR
170
61.4%
Fixed-Route Bus
98
35.4%
Ferry
4
1.4%
Commuter Rail
3
1.1%
Vanpool
2
0.7%
Total Responding
277
100.0%
TABLE C-5 Number of Contracts Reported by Responding Systems
No. of Contracts Reported
Responding Systems
Percent
1
62
40.3%
2
68
44.2%
3
17
11.0%
4
7
4.5%
Total Responding
154
100.0%
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Contracting for Bus and Demand-Responsive Transit Services: A Survey of U.S. Practice and Experience
TABLE C-6 Service Contractor’s Organization Type
Contractor Organization Type
Bus
Percent
DR
Percent
Other
Total Contracts
Percent
Private for-profit
79
81.4%
114
68.3%
5
198
72.5%
Private non-profit
6
6.2%
30
18.0%
2
38
13.9%
Public
11
11.3%
21
12.6%
2
34
12.5%
Other
1
1.0%
2
1.2%
0
3
1.1%
Total Responding
97
100.0%
167
100.0%
9
273
100.0%
TABLE C-7 Describe the type of service(s) provided under the current contract.
Types of Services
Bus
DR
Other
Percent
Local Bus
79
80.6%
Express Bus
38
38.8%
Community Circulator
22
22.4%
Downtown/Parking Shuttle
6
6.1%
Fixed Route Total
98
DR (ADA)
135
79.4%
DR (Dial-a-Ride)
69
40.6%
DR Total
170
Commuter Rail
3
Vanpool
2
Ferry
4
TABLE C-8 These services can best be described as…
Service Geography
Bus
Percent
DR
Percent
Other
Total Contracts
Percent
Urban
69
71.1%
59
65.6%
5
133
68.6%
Suburban
49
50.5%
34
37.8%
3
86
44.3%
Rural
10
10.3%
18
20.0%
2
30
15.5%
Total Responding
97
90
7
194
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Contracting for Bus and Demand-Responsive Transit Services: A Survey of U.S. Practice and Experience
TABLE C-9 Year Current Contract Was Awarded
Year of Current Contract Award
Bus
Percent
DR
Percent
Other
Total Contracts
Percent
1989–1990
1
1.0%
1
0.6%
0
2
0.7%
1991–1995
8
8.2%
12
7.3%
0
20
7.4%
1996–1997
22
22.4%
31
18.9%
0
53
19.6%
1998–1999
32
32.7%
67
40.9%
5
104
38.4%
2000–2001
35
35.7%
53
32.3%
4
92
33.9%
Total Responding
98
100.0%
164
100.0%
9
271
100.0%
TABLE C-10 Year Previous Contract Was Awarded
Year of Previous Contract Award
Bus
Percent
DR
Percent
Other
Total Contracts
Percent
1990 and prior
5
6.6%
5
3.6%
0
9
4.2%
1991–1995
46
60.5%
71
51.4%
3
119
55.9%
1996–2000
25
32.9%
62
44.9%
5
85
39.9%
Total Responding
76
100.0%
138
100.0%
8
213
100.0%
TABLE C-11 Number of Times Service Has Been Rebid
No. of Rebids
Bus
Percent
DR
Percent
Other
Total Contracts
Percent
Still in First Cycle (No Rebids)
15
17.4%
20
13.4%
2
37
15.3%
1or 2
26
30.2%
48
32.2%
3
77
31.8%
3 or 4
28
32.6%
53
35.6%
2
83
34.3%
5–10
17
19.8%
20
13.4%
0
37
15.3%
Over 10
0
0.0%
8
5.4%
0
8
3.3%
Total Responding
86
100.0%
149
100.0%
7
242
100.0%
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Contracting for Bus and Demand-Responsive Transit Services: A Survey of U.S. Practice and Experience
TABLE C-12 Number of Times the Contractor for Service Has changed
No. of Contractor Changes
Bus
Percent
DR
Percent
Other
Total Contracts
Percent
0
45
46.9%
82
53.9%
5
132
51.6%
1
22
22.9%
26
17.1%
1
49
19.1%
2
13
13.5%
19
12.5%
2
34
13.3%
3
13
13.5%
15
9.9%
0
28
10.9%
4 or more
3
3.1%
10
6.6%
0
13
5.1%
Total Responding
96
100.0%
152
100.0%
8
256
100.0%
TABLE C-13 Number of Contractor Changes for Contracts That Have Been Rebid at Least Once, by Service Type
No. of Contractor Changes
Bus
Percent
DR
Percent
Other
Total Contracts
Percent
0
26
36.1%
53
45.7%
3
82
42.3%
1
17
23.6%
19
16.4%
1
37
19.1%
2
13
18.1%
19
16.4%
2
34
17.5%
3
13
18.1%
15
12.9%
0
28
14.4%
4 or more
3
4.2%
10
8.6%
0
13
6.7%
Total Responding
72
100.0%
116
100.0%
6
194
100.0%
TABLE C-14 Services Provided Under Current Award
Bus
Percent
DR
Percent
Other
Total Contracts
Percent
Replacements for in-house service
21
23.3%
30
19.5%
1
52
20.6%
Replacements for previous contract services
53
58.9%
75
48.7%
3
131
51.8%
New
26
28.9%
31
20.1%
3
60
23.7%
Supplemental
0
0.0%
13
8.4%
0
13
5.1%
Ongoing
1
1.1%
14
9.1%
2
17
6.7%
Total Responding
90
154
9
253
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Contracting for Bus and Demand-Responsive Transit Services: A Survey of U.S. Practice and Experience
TABLE C-15 Most Recent Number of Bidders for Current Award
No. of Bidders
Bus
Percent
DR
Percent
Other
Total Contracts
Percent
1
16
18.4%
41
28.5%
2
59
24.7%
2
13
14.9%
36
25.0%
3
52
21.8%
3
25
28.7%
23
16.0%
2
50
20.9%
4
14
16.1%
16
11.1%
1
31
13.0%
5 or more
19
21.8%
28
19.4%
0
47
19.7%
Total Responding
87
100.0%
144
100.0%
8
239
100.0%
TABLE C-16 Number of Bidders Previous Time Contract Was Awarded
No. of Bidders
Bus
Percent
DR
Percent
Other
Total Contracts
Percent
1
9
12.0%
31
26.7%
2
42
21.5%
2
15
20.0%
30
25.9%
0
45
23.1%
3
26
34.7%
22
19.0%
1
49
25.1%
4
13
17.3%
14
12.1%
1
28
14.4%
5 or more
12
16.0%
19
16.4%
0
31
15.9%
Total Responding
75
100.0%
116
100.0%
4
195
100.0%
TABLE C-17 Change in Number of Bidders: Current Award Compared with Last Time Contract Was Awarded, by Service Type
Change in No. of Bidders
Bus
Percent
DR
Percent
Other
Total Contracts
Percent
Decrease 3+
3
4.1%
4
3.6%
0
7
3.7%
Decrease 1–2
15
20.5%
31
27.7%
1
47
24.9%
No change
33
45.2%
58
51.8%
1
92
48.7%
Increase 1–2
18
24.7%
16
14.3%
2
36
19.0%
Increase 3+
4
5.5%
3
2.7%
0
7
3.7%
Total Responding
73
100.0%
112
100.0%
4
189
100.0%
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Contracting for Bus and Demand-Responsive Transit Services: A Survey of U.S. Practice and Experience
TABLE C-18 Change in Number of Bidders: Current Award Compared with Last Time Contract Was Awarded, by Service Type (Excluding Contracts That Had Only One Bid in Previous Cycle)
Change in No. of Bidders
Bus
Percent
DR
Percent
Other
Total Contracts
Percent
Decrease 3+
3
4.6%
4
4.8%
0
7
4.7%
Decrease 1–2
15
23.1%
31
37.3%
1
47
31.3%
No change
27
41.5%
34
41.0%
0
61
40.7%
Increase 1–2
18
27.7%
11
13.3%
1
30
20.0%
Increase 3+
2
3.1%
3
3.6%
0
5
3.3%
Total Responding
65
100.0%
83
100.0%
2
150
100.0%
TABLE C-19 Average Annual Contract Dollar Amount
Contract Amount (Millions)
Bus
Percent
DR
Percent
Other
Total Contracts
Percent
$0.1 and under
8
8.4%
23
15.1%
0
31
12.2%
$0.1–$0.5
24
25.3%
38
25.0%
0
62
24.4%
$0.5–$1.0
16
16.8%
20
13.2%
4
40
15.7%
$1.0–$3.0
22
23.2%
40
26.3%
1
63
24.8%
$3.0–$5.0
7
7.4%
15
9.9%
0
22
8.7%
Over $5.0
18
18.9%
16
10.5%
2
36
14.2%
Total Responding
95
100.0%
152
100.0%
7
254
100.0%
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Contracting for Bus and Demand-Responsive Transit Services: A Survey of U.S. Practice and Experience
TABLE C-20 Total Years Initial Term of Award Will Be in Effect
Years
Bus
Percent
DR
Percent
Other
Total Contracts
Percent
1
13
14.6%
36
22.5%
2
51
19.9%
2
6
6.7%
21
13.1%
1
28
10.9%
3
52
58.4%
63
39.4%
1
116
45.3%
4
3
3.4%
8
5.0%
0
11
4.3%
5
13
14.6%
30
18.8%
3
46
18.0%
Over 5
2
2.2%
2
1.3%
0
4
1.6%
Total Responding
89
100.0%
160
100.0%
9
256
100.0%
TABLE C-21 Does contract have an option to extend terms and for how long?
Years in Option
Bus
Percent
DR
Percent
Other
Total Contracts
Percent
1
4
4.1%
8
4.7%
0
12
4.3%
2
40
40.8%
62
36.5%
0
102
36.8%
3
9
9.2%
16
9.4%
1
26
9.4%
4+
7
7.1%
13
7.6%
0
20
7.2%
Unspecified
6
6.1%
11
6.5%
2
19
6.9%
No Option
32
32.7%
60
35.3%
6
98
35.4%
Total Responding
98
100.0%
170
100.0%
9
277
100.0%
TABLE C-2 2 What is the payment basis for this contract?
Payment Basis
Sole Factor
Partial Factor
Sole or Partial
Percent
Cost+Fixed Fee
55
11
66
25.5%
Revenue Miles
13
20
33
12.7%
Revenue Hours
52
36
88
34.0%
Vehicle Miles
7
5
12
4.6%
Vehicle Hours
33
9
42
16.2%
Passengers
25
4
29
11.2%
Service Zones
1
2
3
1.2%
Fixed Fee
9
23
32
12.4%
Trips
7
7
14
5.4%
Total Responding
202
117
259
100.0%
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Contracting for Bus and Demand-Responsive Transit Services: A Survey of U.S. Practice and Experience
TABLE C-23 Payment Basis by Service Type
Bus
DR
Payment Basis Summarized
Sole
Partial
Sole/Part
Percent
Sole
Partial
Sole/Part
Percent
Cost+Fixed Fee
27
1
28
29.2%
24
10
34
21.8%
Fixed
8
10
18
18.8%
1
12
13
8.3%
Hours
34
16
50
52.1%
50
28
78
50.0%
Miles
8
10
18
18.8%
12
14
26
16.7%
Passengers
0
0
0
0.0%
25
3
28
17.9%
Other
1
0
1
1.0%
7
9
16
10.3%
Total Responding
78
37
96
100.0%
119
76
156
100.0%
TABLE C-24 How does your agency treat fare revenues under this contract?
Treatment of Fares
Bus
Percent
DR
Percent
Others
Total Contracts
Percent
Direct offset
60
64.5%
121
77.6%
4
185
72.3%
Kept by agency
25
26.9%
17
10.9%
2
44
17.2%
Kept by contractor
5
5.4%
12
7.7%
0
17
6.6%
Other
3
3.2%
6
3.8%
1
10
3.9%
Total Responding
93
100.0%
156
100.0%
7
256
100.0%
TABLE C-25 What contractor performance provisions does this contract have?
Provision
Bus
Percent
DR
Percent
Others
Total Contracts
Percent
Liquidated damages
45
45.9%
61
35.9%
1
107
38.6%
Incentives
25
25.5%
45
26.5%
3
73
26.4%
Penalties
43
43.9%
72
42.4%
4
119
43.0%
Total Responding
98
170
9
277
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Contracting for Bus and Demand-Responsive Transit Services: A Survey of U.S. Practice and Experience
TABLE C-26 How many revenue vehicles are provided under this contract and who provides them?
Source of Vehicles
Bus
Percent
DR
Percent
Others
Total Contracts
Percent
By agency
69
72.6%
72
48.3%
5
146
58.2%
By contractor
20
21.1%
57
38.3%
1
78
31.1%
Mixed
6
6.3%
20
13.4%
1
27
10.8%
Total Responding
95
100.0%
149
100.0%
7
251
100.0%
TABLE C-27 What equipment or facilities does the contractor provide for this contract?
Equipment/Facilities Provided by Contractor
Bus
Percent
DR
Percent
Others
Total Contracts
Percent
Bus storage facilities
53
71.6%
107
78.7%
1
161
75.2%
Maintenance facilities
49
66.2%
100
73.5%
1
150
70.1%
Maintenance equipment
49
66.2%
94
69.1%
2
145
67.8%
Nonrevenue vehicles
41
55.4%
78
57.4%
0
119
55.6%
Schedule hard/software
28
37.8%
62
45.6%
2
92
43.0%
Other
7
9.5%
12
8.8%
2
21
9.8%
Total Responding
74
136
4
214
TABLE C-28 What services does the contractor provide for this contract?
Services Provided by Contractor
DR Contracts
Percent
Dispatch
140
92.1%
Reservations
110
72.4%
Call taking
107
70.4%
Routing
105
69.1%
Eligibility
31
20.4%
Other
30
19.7%
Total Responding
152
