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OCR for page 81
List of Tables
Table 1:
Table 2:
Table 3:
Table 4:
U. S. Manufactures Exports
U.S. High Technology Exports
U.S. High Tech Exports, Selected Categories
Comparison of EC10 and Japan vs. U. S .
Manufactures Trade with the Soviet Union and Bloc
Countries
Table 5: U.S. Parent and Foreign Sales of U.S. Affiliates,
1982
Table 6: U.S. Parent Sales and Total Foreign Sales for
Selected Industrial Categories, 1982
Table 7: U.S. Exports Total and For U.S.. Parents to Their
Affiliates, 1982
Table 8: Industrial Categories of U.S. Exports to
Affiliated and Unaffiliated Enterprises, 1982
Use of Licenses by Type, 1985
Summary of DOC Export License Case Handling
Approved Applications to All Countries for
Manufactures, FY85
Ranking of Top Ten CCL Categories by Number of
Occurrences, FY85
Table 9:
Table 10:
Table 11:
Table 12:
Table 13: Case Processing Time Profile
Table 14: DOC Processing Time for Small vs. Large Firms, by
Destination
Table 15: Total Processing Time for Small vs. Large Firms,
by Destination
Table 16: Total Processing Time by Major CCL Category
Table 17: Summary of Analysis of Cases Returned Without
Action
Table 18: Reexport Applications
OCR for page 82
Table 19: Analysis of Reexport Licensing Records
Table 20: Action on Licenses and Processing Times by Size
of Exporter
Table 21: Aerospace Industry
Table 22: Analytic Instruments Industry
Table 23: Semiconductor Equipment Industry
Table 24: Use of License Type by Firm Size
Table 25: Use of Various License Provisions
OCR for page 83
Table 1
U. S. Manufactures Exports
$ Bill ions ~
1980 (%)
COCOM less Canada*
Canada
1985 (%)
48 31 48 30
30 19 42 26
China 1 1 3 2
Bloc
_ _ 1 _
1
Al ~ Other Countries 7 7 4 9 6 ~ 4 2
Total * *
*
156 100 162 100
Trade to ECl 0 + Japan is used to approximate COCOM
trade. There are 15 countries in COCOM. Not covered
in the clef inition are Norway, Portugal, and Turkey .
* * May not sum clue to rounding .
Source: U. S . Department of Commerce.
OCR for page 84
Table 2
U.S. High Technology Exports
($ Billions)
COCOM less Canada
1980 I%) 1985 (%)
21.3 39 26.7 39
Canada S.5 10 8.1 12
China <1.0 <1 1.7 2
Bloc
<1. 0 <1 <1. 0 <1
All Other Countries 27.0 49 31.8 46
Total 54.7 100 68.4 100
Source: U.S. Department of Commerce data on U.S. high
technology trade.
Table 3
U.S. High Tech Exports, Selected
(including Machine Tools)
($ Billions)
Categories
1980
1985
Communication Equipment 13 4
Aircraft and Parts IS 18
Computers/Of f ice Equipment 9 15
Scienti f ic Instruments
Components
Machine Tools
6
S
-
7
Total 38 51
Source: U.S. Department of Commerce
a
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Representative terms from entire chapter:
average processing
l
Table 4
Comparison of EC10 and Japan vs. U.S. Manufactures Trade
with the Soviet Union and Bloc Countries
($ Billion)
1980 1981 1982 1983 1984
EC + Japan Exports to
the USSR and Bloc 21.9 17.8 17.4 17.7 16.1
(% of Total EC + Japan
Exports) 3.5 3.0 3.1 3.2 n/a
U.S. Exports to the
USSR and Bloc
(% of total U.S
Exports)
.
0.8 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.6
Table 5
U.S. Parent and Foreign Sales of
U. S . Affiliates, 1982
($ Billion)
U.S.
Parent Sales
Foreign
Sales of
U.S.
Affiliates
in All
Countries
Sales of
Af filiates
in Developed
Countries
Sales of
Affiliates
in COCOM
Countries
Total 2,465 1,026 742 611
Manufacturing 1,018
3S9
287
250
Office
Equipment 52 22 21 20
Other
Machinery 34
12
11
8
Electrical
Equipment 118 27 18 16
Other Trans. 7 2
Instruments 33
3
13
3
12
3
, 11
309 77 65 58
Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis,
~ d: 1982 Benchmark survey Data,
(Government Printing Office,
and Table I.D.4
Washington, DC) 1985, Table 7
Table 6
U.S. Parent Sales and Total Foreign
Sales for Selected Industrial Categories, 1982
( $ Billion)
Office Equipment
Total ~ Foreign
U.S. Foreign ~ Sales
Parent Sales Sales* ~ as a %
(~) (2) ~ (2~/~1~+~2~)
1
52 23 1 31
Other Machinery 34 15 ~ 31
Electrical Equip. 118 38 1 24
Other Transport. 72 16 1 18
Instruments 33 15 ~ 31
Total 3 09 107 ~ 2 6
* Foreign sales plus exports to unaffiliated entities
Source: Ibid
.
.
Table 7
U.S. Exports Total and For U.S. Parents
to Their Affiliates, 1982
($ Billion)
Total U.S. Merchandise Exports: $212.0
of which - Agriculture 37.0
- Manufacturing 174.0
U.S. Exports by U.S. Parents 163.0
of which - shipped to affiliates 57.0
- majority owned 53.0
- to other 4.0
- shipped to unaffiliated 107.0
Of the $107 billion shipped to unaffiliated
parties:
Manufacturing exports
of which - high tech
Of the $57 billion shipped to
Manufacturing exports
of which - high tech
affiliated parties:
- went to COCOM countries
May not sum due to rounding.
Sources: (~) U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Trade
Performance in 1984 and Outlook, 1985; (2) U.S.
Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic
~ ,
Analysis I U. S . Direct Investment Abroad: 1982
Benchmark Survey Data / December 1985 / Table II r
p. 1.
65.0
30.0
37.0
10.7
6.1
Table 8
Industrial Categories of U.S. Exports to
Affiliated and Unaffiliated Enterprises, 1982
($ Billion)
Amount from
Column (2)
Exports to Exports to which went to
Sector Unaffiliated Affiliated COCOM Dest.
(1) (2) (3)
Computing/
Office
Equipment 1.2 2.5 2.0
Other
Machinery 3.4 1.2 0.6
Communications 2.7 0.7 0.3
Electronics
Components 1.9 3.0 0.5
Other
Electronics 6.0 1.0 0.7
Other
Transportation 12.7 0.3 0.3
Instruments 1.9 2.0 1.7
Total $29.8 $10.7 $6.1
Source: Ibid; Table II, P.4
.
Table 9
Use of Licenses by Type, 1985
Type of License
GDEST
IVL
DL
.
Service
Project
Total***
*
**
% of Exports*
Unweighted
38%
44
17
<1
1
100
Sample of
responses
% of Exports**
Weighted
41%
23
25
11
100
170 firms, unweighted refers to simple
Sample of 170 firms, responses weighted by firm size.
* * * May not sum due to rounding.
Source: NAS Questionnaire responses
.
% of Licensed
Exports
39
42
19
2
100
average of
Table 10
Summary of Department of Commerce
Export License Case Handling
(Calendar Quarters)
Number of
Cases Closed
(Thou)
~ Value (Bil)
Amount
Rejected
($ Mil)
Percent of
Cases RWAd*
Source:
*RWAd =
84.30 84.40 85.10 85.20 85.30 85.40 86.10
29.8 27.6 30.3
20.5 17.3 17.9
31.7 31.7 29.9 29.3
18.1 18.4 17.7 19.3
62.0 166.0 83.0 62.0 125.0 269.0 120.0
.~.t
17.0 17.0
17.0 17.0 17.0 16.0 18.0
U.S. Department of Commerce export license
Returned Without Action
databank.
East-West
COCOM
all other
Figure 3
Further Breakdown of Geographic Regions
by Purpose of Control
Destination o f
Trade
1 1
PRO I l l l l
Bloc I i I l
_ 1. 1, 1 1
1 1 1 1
Canada I l l l
MOU I l l
Non-COCOM ---1---~ --l------------l
non-MOU I l l
1
F-P I Other
(Purpose of License)
Trade Under Validated License
Total U.S. Export Trade
SL
Trade
=
Figure 4
Export Trade Coverage Broken Down by
Geographic Regions, Purpose of License
With Further Breakdown of National Security
Controls by Type of License
Destination of
Trade
PRC
East-West
COCOM
Bloc
Canada
all other
MOU
Non-COCOM
non-MOU
GCOM =
IVL =
GCOM IVL
N-S
General License (This
self-license).
Individual Validated License
Bulk Lic. = Bulk License
,~ I,
Bulk I
Lic. I
(Purpose of License)
Trade Under Validated License
Total U.S. Export Trade
could be considered a form of
(Distribution, Service, Project)
1
1 1 1 1
1 1, 1_ 1
1
Nuclear/ SL
Other ~ Trade
1
1
Figure 5
Full Scope of U.S. Economic Activity Covered
by Export Control System
Area of World
East-West
COCOM
Non-COCOM
1
1
1
I Direct Export | Through Foreign | Direct | Other
I I Affiliate I Export I Foreign
! ! I I Sales I
Trade/Sales Under Validated Lic.t
Total U.S. Foreign Sales
Self-License
5 ~
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1
Area of
the World
1
.1 1 1, 1 1
1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1
.1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1
1
1
1
· 1
,1
Trade/Sales Under Validated License ~
Total U.S. Foreign Sales
Figure 6
Schematic of Economic Cost
by Area of World, by Segment Under
Validated License
/ Type of Economic Cost
- Administrative Costs
- Lost Revenue
- R&D Impact
- Wages/Profits Lost
- Long-term Costs
Self-
License
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Figure 13
U. S. Business Activity Covered by the
Licens ing System, 19 8 S
-
( $ billion)
Area of World
East-West
($2, *
COCOM
(53S) *
Other West
~ $3 2 ~ *
*Value of direct
Under Validated Lic.
($78)
Sel f -Licensed
~ $3 62 ~
Estimated Total U. S . Foreign
Manufacturing Sales
($440)
Sports .
