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OCR for page 125
Publicly Funded Agricultural Research and the Changing Structure of U.S. Agriculture
Appendix C
Table C.1 U.S. public (USDA and State Agricultural Experiment Stations [SAES]) and private agricultural research funds by performing organization, 1888–1990 (millions of 1984 dollars)
Price Index for Agricultural Research
Public Agricultural Research
Private Agricultural Research a/
Year
(1984–1.0)
USDA
SAES
Total
1888
0.0472
3.093
15.254
18.347
1889
0.0472
3.030
15.254
18.284
1890
0.0472
4.767
19.513
24.280
1891
0.0469
4.435
19.446
23.881
1892
0.0458
4.214
22.620
26.834
1893
0.0471
4.119
20.658
24.777
1894
0.0444
4.392
23.086
27.477
1895
0.0454
5.374
24.361
29.736
32.400
1896
0.0452
4.469
26.394
30.863
1897
0.0452
4.558
26.372
30.929
1898
0.0468
4.423
27.201
31.624
1899
0.0493
5.051
24.665
29.716
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Publicly Funded Agricultural Research and the Changing Structure of U.S. Agriculture
Price Index for Agricultural Research
Public Agricultural Research
Private Agricultural Research a/
Year
(1984–1.0)
USDA
SAES
Total
1900
0.0521
5.067
24.434
29.501
1901
0.0522
8.927
26.284
35.211
1902
0.0547
11.865
27.148
39.013
1903
0.0571
12.907
28.161
41.068
1904
0.0557
14.794
30.844
45.637
1905
0.0567
14.797
30.459
45.256
53.100
1906
0.0583
18.971
41.252
60.223
1907
0.0605
25.256
45.934
71.190
1908
0.0596
26.510
55.084
81.594
1909
0.0617
39.287
54.587
93.874
1910
0.0632
35.570
61.487
97.057
1911
0.0612
45.033
65.523
110.556
1912
0.0640
50.016
70.188
120.203
1913
0.0664
47.666
76.596
124.262
1914
0.0655
63.771
86.107
149.878
1915
0.0668
60.419
86.482
146.901
101.600
1916
0.0753
65.511
75.219
140.730
1917
0.0933
59.893
64.652
124.544
1918
0.1020
64.490
65.147
129.637
1919
0.1091
74.601
65.060
139.661
1920
0.1225
63.184
66.947
130.131
1921
0.1062
149.369
81.742
231.111
1923
0.1087
148.289
92.355
240.644
1924
0.1089
151.598
96.814
248.411
1925
0.1130
195.858
96.664
292.522
140.000
1926
0.1133
206.346
110.477
316.823
1927
0.1126
190.107
119.547
309.654
1928
0.1153
199.922
133.591
333.513
1929
0.1158
250.924
144.940
395.864
1930
0.1116
326.093
164.095
490.188
1931
0.1064
328.769
173.571
502.340
1932
0.1018
304.715
173.320
478.035
1933
0.0993
289.940
159.980
449.919
1934
0.1003
276.670
143.918
420.588
1935
0.0992
285.121
153.972
439.093
405.400
1936
0.1012
281.611
164.526
446.136
1937
0.1067
257.460
167.994
425.455
1938
0.1028
277.986
195.039
473.025
1939
0.1029
340.214
202.634
542.847
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Publicly Funded Agricultural Research and the Changing Structure of U.S. Agriculture
Price Index for Agricultural Research
Public Agricultural Research
Private Agricultural Research a/
Year
(1984–1.0)
USDA
SAES
Total
1940
0.1035
318.406
207.362
525.768
1941
0.1077
307.697
210.594
518.292
1942
0.1134
296.984
202.019
499.004
1943
0.1176
293.980
207.993
501.973
1944
0.1252
250.072
217.236
467.308
1945
0.1247
260.634
227.466
488.099
346.300
1946
0.1371
251.014
243.027
494.041
1947
0.1584
358.794
261.521
620.316
1948
0.1731
415.881
295.904
711.785
1949
0.1711
282.548
331.473
614.021
1950
0.1821
164.618
357.062
521.680
1951
0.1985
157.149
352.932
510.081
1952
0.2038
168.391
375.020
543.410
1953
0.2106
160.095
385.408
545.503
1954
0.2183
186.702
409.372
596.074
1955
0.2263
188.785
435.024
623.809
1956
0.2395
194.418
419.415
613.833
890.600
1957
0.2517
239.050
449.670
688.721
994.100
1958
0.2490
271.940
508.446
780.386
1189.900
1959
0.2640
279.091
511.504
790.595
1086.700
1960
0.2717
274.056
523.905
797.961
1175.300
1961
0.2788
294.756
540.219
834.975
1120.800
1962
0.2896
295.328
555.435
850.763
1159.400
1963
0.2970
309.165
581.313
890.478
1210.500
1964
0.3092
343.797
605.049
948.845
1258.600
1965
0.3236
384.778
631.100
1015.878
1367.800
1966
0.3416
376.259
661.212
1037.471
1431.800
1967
0.3570
372.756
691.476
1064.232
1476.200
1968
0.4049
319.331
624.194
943.524
1386.200
1969
0.3983
345.205
649.608
994.813
1517.100
1970
0.4183
350.210
673.653
1023.863
1486.000
1971
0.4328
365.016
692.740
1057.756
1479.500
1972
0.4519
459.533
765.751
1225.284
1494.400
1973
0.4837
445.979
795.127
1241.106
1579.700
1974
0.5286
424.410
801.901
1226.311
1602.700
1975
0.5654
440.021
852.821
1292.842
1577.800
1976
0.5921
607.782
1091.464
1699.247
1569.600
1977
0.6253
507.660
948.698
1456.359
1973.500
1978
0.6656
524.340
974.890
1499.231
2092.700
1979
0.7240
495.119
991.779
1486.898
2146.000
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Publicly Funded Agricultural Research and the Changing Structure of U.S. Agriculture
Price Index for Agricultural Research
Public Agricultural Research
Private Agricultural Research a/
Year
(1984–1.0)
USDA
SAES
Total
1980
0.7484
510.750
1075.402
1586.152
2300.100
1981
0.8183
541.317
1091.845
1633.163
2311.300
1982
0.8716
508.608
1092.585
1601.193
2348.800
1983
0.9518
500.718
1046.763
1547.481
2380.800
1984
.0000
482.492
1059.343
1541.835
2444.700
1985
.0531
502.702
1088.175
1590.877
2550.100
1986
.0944
471.241
1125.848
1597.089
2660.100
1987
.1383
482.894
1141.861
1624.754
2774.800
1988
.1210
521.967
1225.893
1747.860
2894.500
1989
.2729
468.344
1170.289
1638.633
3019.300
1990
1.3379
458.988
1193.254
1652.242
3149.500
1991
1.376
483.127
1220.447
1703.574
3269.847
1992
1.411
498.681
1219.531
1718.212
3222.913
1993
1.444
493.319
1209.504
1702.823
3400.644
1994
1.488
490.571
1227.073
1717.644
3389.671
1995
1.532
485.758
1218.649
1704.402
3595.907
1996
1.580
457.604
1195.134
1652.738
3554.873
1997
1.612
462.983
1201.520
1664.503
3676.895
a/ Estimates of private agricultural research expenditures were derived as a decade average for the period 1890–1950, and for 1985 and later. The numbers for private agricultural research are also an estimate.
SOURCE: Updated from Huffman, W.E. and R.E.Evenson. 1993. Science for Agriculture: A Long Term Perspective. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press, pp. 95–96.
Representative terms from entire chapter:
private agricultural