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PAPERBACK list:$43.25 Web:$38.93 add to cart Rights & Permissions Free PDF Access Free Resources Sign in to download PDF book and chapters PDF EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Display this book on your site! Related Titles Contaminants in the Subsurface: Source Zone Assessment and Remediation Risk and Decisions About Disposition of Transuranic and High-Level Radioactive Waste Other Related Titles Science and Technology for Environmental Cleanup at Hanford (2001) Board on Radioactive Waste Management (BRWM) Web Search Builder Use this book's key terms to search within this book, across our collection, or across the Web. Skim This Chapter Skim this chapter and use this chapter's key terms to search within this book. Reference Finder Paste in your own text to find books that relate to your topic. Page 154   E-mail  Facebook  Digg  Stumble  Twitter More Page 154 Front Matter (R1-R12) Executive Summary (1-5) 1 Introduction and Task (6-10) 2 Hanford Site Background (11-39) 3 Overview of the Integration Project (40-50) 4 System Assessment Capability (51-65) 5 Inventory Technical Element (66-78) 6 Vadose Zone Technical Element (79-99) 7 Groundwater Technical Element (100-107) 8 Columbia River Technical Element (108-124) 9 Monitoring, Remediation, and Risk Technical Elements (125-140) 10 Improving S&T Program Effectivenes (141-153) References (154-162) Appendix A: Biographical Sketches (163-167) Appendix B: Information-Gathering Meetings (168-170) Appendix C: Scaling Issues Applicable to Environmental Systems (171-179) Appendix D: Acronyms (180-180)

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References Becker' Agnew, S.F.1997. Hanford Tank Chemical and Radionuclide Inventories (HDW Model Rev. 4~. Los Alamos, N.M.: Los Alamos National Laboratory. LA-UR-96-3860. Agnew, S.F, and R.A. Corbin.1998. Analysis of SX Farm Leak - Histories Historical Leak Model (HLM). Los Alamos, N.M.: Los Alamos National Laboratory. Anderson, F.J., and L. Soler.2000. Interim measures to limit the migration of radioactive contaminants through the vadose zone at Hanford's single shell tank farms [abstract]. EOS, Transactions American Geophysical Union 81~48~: F413. Bechtel Hanford, Inc. (BHI).1996. Focused Feasibility Study of Engineered Barriers for Waste Management Units in the 200 Areas. Richland, Wash.: Bechtel Hanford, Inc. DOE/RL-93-33. Bechtel Hanford, Inc. (BHI).1999. Groundwater/\/adose Zone Integration Project: Preliminary System Assessment Capability Concepts for Architecture, Platform and Data Management, Richland, Wash.: Bechtel Hanford, Inc. C.D.1990. Aquatic Bioenvironmental Studies: The Hanford Experience 1944-1984. Studies in Environmental Science 39. Elsevier, Amsterdam. Brevick, C.H.1994. Historical Tank Content Estimate for the Northeast Quadrant of the Hanford 200 East Areas. Richland, Wash.: Brevick, Brevick, Westinghouse Hanford Company. WHC-SD-WM-ER-349 Rev 0. C.H.1995a. Historical Tank Content Estimate for the Southwest Quadrant of the Hanford 200 West Area. Richland, Wash.: Westinghouse Hanford Company. WHC-SD-WM-ER-352 Rev 0. C.H.1995b. Historical Tank Content Estimate for the Northwest Quadrant of the Hanford 200 West Area. Richland, Wash.: Westinghouse Hanford Company. WHC-SD-WM-ER-351 Rev 0. Brevick, C.H.1995c. Historical Tank Content Estimate for the Southeast Quadrant of the Hanford 200 East Areas. Richland, Wash.: Westinghouse Hanford Company. WHC-SD-WM-ER-350 Rev 0. Buesseler, K.O., M.H. Dai, S. Pike, J.M. Kelley, and OF Wacker. 2000. Speciation, Mobility and Fate of Actinide Element Isotopes in Groundwater. Presentation at EMSP Vadose Zone Principal Investigator Workshop, Nov. 28-Dec. 03, 2000. Capel, P.D., and S.J. Larson. 2001. Effect of scale on the behavior of atrazine in surface waters. Environ. Sci. Technol. 35: 648-657 . 154

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156 Science and Technology for Environmental Cleanup Heeb, C.M., and D.J. Bates. 1994. Radionuclide Releases to the Columbia River from Hanford Operations, 1944-1971. Richland, Wash.: Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories. PNWD-2223- HEDR. Kerans, B.L., and J.R. Karr. 1994. A benthic index of biotic integrity (B- IBl) for rivers of the Tennessee Valley. Ecological Applications 4: 768-785. Kersting, A.B., D.W. Efurd, D.L. Finnegan, D.J. Rokop, D.K. Smith, and J.L. Thompson. 1999. Migration of plutonium in ground water at the Nevada Test Site. Nature 397~6714~: 56-59. Kincaid, C.T., P.W. Eslinger, W.E. Nichols, A.L. Bunn, R.W. Bryce, T.B. Miley, M.C. Richmond, S.F. Snyder, R.L. Aaberg. 2000. Groundwater/\/adose Zone Integration Project System Assessment Capability (Revision 0~: Assessment Description, Requirements, Software Design, and Test Plan. Richland, Wash.: Bechtel Hanford, Inc. BHI-01365. Meinzer O.E., and L.K. Wenzel. 1942. Movement of ground water and its relation to head, permeability, and storage: in Meinzer, O.E., ea., Hydrology: National Research Council, Physics of the Earth 9: 444~77. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc. Minshall, G.W. 1988. Stream ecosystem theory: a global perspective. J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. 74~4~: 263-288. Myers, D.A., and G.W. Gee. 2000, Moisture distribution in Hanford's SX Tank Farm [abstract]. EOS, Transactions American Geophysical Union, 81~48~: F386. Napier, B.A. 1992. Determination of Radionuclides and Pathways Contributing to Cumulative Dose; Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Project Dose Code Recovery Activities- Calculation 004. Richland, Wash.: Battelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories. BN-SA-3673 HEDR. National Research Council (NRC). 1994a. The Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Project: A Review of Four Documents. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. National Research Council (NRC). 1994b. Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. National Research Council (NRC). 1995. A Review of Two Hanford Environmental Dose Reconstruction Project (HEDR) Dosimetry Reports: Columbia River Pathway and Atmospheric Pathway. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press.

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References National Research Council (NRC).1996. The Hanford Tanks: Environmental Impacts and Policy Choices. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. National Research Council (NRC).1997. Building an Effective Environmental Management Science Program: Final Assessment. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. National Research Council (NRC).1998. Peer Review in Environmental 157 Technology Development Programs: The Department of Energy's Office of Science and Technology. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. National Research Council (NRC).1999a. An End State Methodology for Identifying Technology Needs for Environmental Management, with an Example from the Hanford Site Tanks. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. National Research Council (NRC).1999b. Environmental Cleanup at Navy Facilities: Risk-Based Methods. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. National Research Council (NRC). 2000a. Research Needs in Subsurface Science. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. National Research Council (NRC). 2000b. Hanford Thyroid Disease Study Draft Final Report. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. National Research Council (NRC). 2000c. Long-Term Institutional Management of U.S. Department of Energy Legacy Waste Sites. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL).1999. Hanford Site Environmental Report for Calendar Year 1998: Richland, Wash.: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. PNNL-12088. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). 2000a. Hanford Site Environmental Report for Calendar Year 1999: Richland, Wash.: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. PNNL-12088. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). 2000b. Answers to Questions Concerning the Hanford Site from National Research Council Committee Meeting #2, June 20-22. Richland Wash.: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Rhodes, R.1986. The Making of the Atomic Bomb. New York: Simon and Schuster. Rickard, W.H., and R.H. Gray.1995. The Hanford Reach of the Columbia River: A refuge for fish and riverine wildlife and plants in eastern Washington. Natural Areas Journal 15~1): 68-74. Rickard, W.H., and D.G. Watson.1985. Four decades of environmental change and their influence upon native wildlife and fish on the mid-Columbia River, Washington, USA. Environmental Conservation 12~3~: 241-248.

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158 Science and Technology for Environmental Cleanup Rohay, V.J. 2000. Performance Evaluation Report for Soil Vapor Extraction Operations at the Carbon Tetrachloride Site, February 1992 - September 1999. Richland, Wash.: Bechtel Hanford, Inc. BHI-00720 Rev. 4. Rosenberg, D.M., and V.H. Resh, eds., 1993. Freshwater Biomonitoring and Benthic Macroinvertebrates. New York: Chapman and Hall. Schaeffer, D.J., E.E. Herricks, and H.W. Kerster. 1988. Ecosystem Health: 1. Measuring Ecosystem Health. Environ. Management 12~4~: 445-456. Schaeffer, D.~J., and E.E. Herricks. 1993. Biological Monitors of Pollution, in M. Corn, ea., Handbook of Hazardous Materials. New York: Academic Press: 69-80. Stonestrom, D.A. 1996. An overview of unsaturated-flow theory as applied to the phenomena of infiltration and drainage: in Stevens, P.R., and T.J. Nicholson, ads., Joint U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Workshop on Research Related to Low-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal: U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Investigations Report 95- 401: 83-90. TechCon. 1999a. Forum Proceedings Volume 1, May4-6, 1999. Reducing Water Infiltration Around Hanford Tanks. Hills Conference Center, Richland, Wash. TechCon. 1 999b. Forum Proceedings Volume 2, May 4-6, 1999. Reducing Water Infiltration Around Hanford Tanks. Hills Conference Center, Richland, Wash. Thompson, J.N., O.J. Reichman, P.J. Morin, G.A. Polls, M.E. Power, R.W. Sterner, C.A. Couch, L. Gough, R. Holt, D.U. Hooper, F. Keesing, C.R. Lovell, R.T. Milne, M.C. Molles, D.W. Roberts, and S.Y. Strauss. 2001. Frontiers of Ecology. Bioscience 51~1~:15-24. U.S. Department of Energy (DOE).1992a. 200 East Groundwater Aggregate Area Management Study Report. Richland, Wash.: U.S. Department of Energy. DOE/RL-92-19. U.S. Department of Energy (DOE).1992b. 200 West Groundwater Aggregate Area Management Study Report. Richland, Wash.: U.S. Department of Energy. DOE/RL-92-16. U.S. Department of Energy (DOE).1996. SX Tank Farm Report: Grand Junction, Col.: U.S. Department of Energy. DOE/ID-12584-268. U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). 1 997a. History of the Plutonium Production Facilities at the Hanford Site Historic District, 1943- 1990: Richland, Wash.: U.S. Department of Energy. DOE/RL-97-

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162 Science and Technology for Environmental Cleanup Williams R.N., P.A. Bisson, C.C. Coutant, D. Goodman, J. Lichatowich, W. Liss, L. McDonald, P. Mundy, B. Riddell, R.A. Whitney. 1998. Recommendations for stable spring flows in the Hanford Reach during the time when juvenile Fall Chinook are present each spring. Portland, Or.: Independent Scientific Advisory Board, Northwest Power Planning Council, National Marine Fisheries Service. On-line. Available at http://www.nwppc.aa.psiweb.com: 80/98-5hanf.htm. Accessed July 27, 2001. Wodrich, D. 1991. Historical Perspective of Radioactivity Contaminated Liquid and Solid Wastes Discharged or Buried in the Ground at Hanford: Richland, Wash.: Westinghouse Hanford Company. TRAC-01 51 -VA. Zorpette, G. 1996. Hanford's nuclear wasteland. Scientific American (May): 88-97.

Representative terms from entire chapter:

zone integration