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OCR for page 289
Index
A
Accelerated learning
approach, 49
effectiveness, 19, 50
mete strategies in, 261
military R&D status, 279
mind calming and, 261
music and, 49, 261
pleasant learning restimulation and,
261
programs, 49-51
recommended research, 59-60
research relevant to, 48~9
Suggestopedia method, 49, 58, 261
SuperLearning, effectiveness of, 58
teacher-learner dynamics, 49
user acceptance, 279
see also Suggestive Accelerative
Learning and Teaching
Techniques (SALTY)
Alertness, changes in, 103-104
Altering states of awareness
performance and, 2~21, 103-105
Ganzfeld state, 191
techniques for, 7, 104
see also Biofeedback; Meditation;
Relaxation
American Society for Training and
Development, 5
American Soldier project, 125, 135
Anxiety
stress end, 118
techniques for countering, 55, 124
see also Stress
289
Apraxias, definition, 255
Army, see U.S. Army
Arousal
concept, 103
mental computation and, 20-21
priming and, 66
stress and, 103, 117, 121-122
Attentional strategies
cognitive-behavioral techniques, 71
Attentional style, measures of, 71, 77
Attitude change
through organizational development
programs, 137-138
through persuasive communications,
135-1 36
through sleep learning, 45, 47
Autogenic training, 8, 122, 252
Awareness, see Altering states of
awareness
B
Bandler, Richard, 138, 140
Battle fatigue
definition, 252
see also Posttraumatic stress disorder
Battle shock, definition, 252
Backster, Cleve, 176, 193-196
Behavior modification
anger control, 127
through influence strategies, 13~135
neurolinguistic programming and, 6
through organizational development
programs, 136-138
OCR for page 290
290
Behavior skills training, stress reduction
through, 125-126
Biases
cognitive, 35, 202
in influence strategy studies, 135
in military R&D decision making, 267
motivational, 202
subjective, in ESP experiments,
201-202
in testimonials, 17, 34-35, 202
see also Methodological flaws and
problems
Biofeedback, 3, 5-6
alpha and theta producers, 82-83,
84-85, 252, 253
applications, 78-79, 84, 86, 90-91, 94,
99-100
autogenic training and, 99, 100-101
autonomic events control by, 253
brain frequencies in, 253
characterization, 77, 239, 252
cognitive-behavioral therapy and,
99-100
conditioned emotional response in,
253
economy of effort in exercise
through, 90-91, 94, 100
electroencephalography in, 78, 82-88,
100-101, 122-123
electromyography in, 78-82, 98, 100,
122-123, 252-253
event-related potentials controlled by,
85-86, 100
heart rate regulation by, 78, 89-93,
100-101, 252
military R&D status, 279
multiple autonomic response, 98-100
pain reduction by, 78, 83, 86
performance effects, 8, 20, 21, 61, 77,
86, 89-90, 239
recommended research, 88, 95, 98,
100-101
research literature on, 10
respiration regulation by, 91, 94, 100,
253
slow potentials modified by, 86-88,
100
stress management by, 77, 122-123,
253
study problems, 78, 83, 95, 98, 100,
253
temperature regulation and, 94-98,
100-101, 253
INDEX
theoretical basis, 239
user acceptance, 279
vasoconstriction, peripheral, and, 94,
253
visually evoked potentials modified
by, 86
Bonding, 150-151, 158-160, 164; see also
Group cohesion
Brain
activity, measurement of, 66, 106
ascending reticular activating system
in, 103
asymmetry, see Hemispheric
laterality
event-related potentials, 85-86, 100
Fourier transformations by, 7, 69
frequencies, biofeedback and, 253
hemisphericity, 108-110, 255; see also
Hemispheric laterality;
Hemispheric synchronization
holographic theory, 68-69, 70, 141
neurotransmitter systems, 4, 103
C
Carpenter effect, 66
Clairvoyance, - definition, 170, 259
Cognitive restructuring, stress
management through, 123-125
Cohesion, see Group cohesion
COHORT system
cultural elements in, 155, 158, 159
description, 254
evaluation of, 22, 161, 166
positive effects of cohesion in, 134,
159, 161
Combat
importance of human element in, 5
effectiveness, stress value in, 4, 116
Commissurotomy, definition, 256; see
also Split-brain patients
Communications
attitude change through, 135-136
eye contact in, 146
see also Influence strategies
Concentration, mental, 3
performance and, 104
physical exercises to enhance, 261
SALTS use of, 6, 261
stress effects on, 128
see also Mental rehearsal
OCR for page 291
INDEX
Concentration, visual
cognitive-behavioral techniques,
71-72, 76
effectiveness of programs, 16, 20, 61,
75
ProVision, 73-75
recommended research, 75-76
training programs, 72-75
Creativity, Hemi-Sync~ and, 7
Culture, organizational, 155, 158, 159
D
DeVore, Stephen, 67
E
Electroencephalography (EEG)
activity, spontaneous, 82-85
measurement of internal state, 104
neurolinguistic programming and,
140-141
sleep stages defined by, 260
synchronization of patterns, 253
see also Biofeedback
Electromyography
in biofeedback, 78-82, 122-123,
252-253
stress reduction measurement, 253
Emotional states
electrical activity in leukocytes and,
193-198
mental computation and, 20
sleep learning alteration of, 45
Enhancement techniques
claims, justification for, 4
cost analyses, 18, 31-32
effective, characteristics of, 10
evaluation, see Evaluation of
enhancement techniques;
Methodological flaws and
problems
evidence needed to support, 17
implementation, 17, 272-274, 275-276
marketing, ~7
negative effects, 16
positive effects, 15-16
scientific evidence on, 8-9, 16-17
selection considerations, 17-18
short-term vs. long-term effects, 10
sources of, 10
sustainment of programs, 276-278
29]
time factors in effectiveness, 57, 137
transfer of, 13, 18
see also Skill learning; and specific
techniques
ESP, see Extrasensory perception;
Paranormal phenomena
Ethical issues
in sleep learning, 45
stress reduction in military personnel,
131-132
Evaluation of enhancement techniques
alternative explanations, 25, 199
by U.S. Army, status, 32-34, 262-279
case histories used for, 160
cohort testing, 20
competitive, 18
contrast of novel program with
standard practice, 31, 34
cost analysis, 18, 31-32
criteria, 13, 24-28, 5~59, 153
Delphi technique, 30, 268
describing program consequences,
27-28
difficulties in, 11, 13; see also Biases;
Methodological flaws and
problems
dirty test tube criticism, 199-200
effectiveness measures, see Measures
of effectiveness
evaluation of pilot programs, 28-32,
34
experimentation benefits, 12, 35
field tests of programs, 26-32, 33
issues, 4, 5, 9-10, 24-35
meta-analysis, 26, 142, 256
monitoring of pilot programs, 30-31,
33
monitoring of research literature, 19
needs analysis, 29-30
organizational contexts, 27-33
performance measures, 153, 155, 161
placebo control group, 8, 98, 253
qualitative approaches, 34-35,
20~202, 205-206
risk in, 27
short-term vs. long-term effects, 10
smoking gun criticism, 199-200
taxonomy and, 13
see also Military R&D processes
Expert teacher programs,
recommendations for, 20
Extrasensory perception
definition, 169-170, 245, 259
OCR for page 292
292
evidence of, 184
majority vote technique in tests, 259
military applications, 171; see also
Psychic warfare
replication of experiments in, 8
screened touch matching, 260
see also Clairvoyance; Precognition;
Remote viewing experiments;
Telepathy; Paranormal phenomena
F
Foreign language acquisition
by Hemi-Sync~, 7
by SALTY technique, 6, 50, 52, 55,
58
suggestopedic method, 261
Fourier transforms operations by human
brain, 7, 69
Frequency following response, 7,
111-112, 114
G
Ganzfeld psi experiments
critique of, 191-193, 200
independence of successive trials, 181
meta-analysis in, 257
nature of, 190-191
number of, 178
replicability, 172, 174
research recommendations, 22
success rates, 245
Geller, Uri, 203-204
Group cohesion
applications, 163-165, 244
bonding and, 15~151, 158-160, 164
causes, 152-153, 254
concept and components, 149-151,
243, 254
conformity to group norms and, 153
consequences, 151-154, 159-163
costs of building, 164 165
cross-cutting loyalties and, 159, 254
culture in organizations and, 155,
15~159
definition, 150-151
developmental approaches in large
organizations, 15~159
deviance handling and, 162
effectiveness of strategies in
achieving, 8, 22, 134, 157-158
INDEX
enhancement patterns, 254
evaluation of, 160-161
expert power and, 254
external conflict and, 152-153,
157-158, 163
group-serving patterns in, 244, 254
groupthink and, 162
horizontal, 158, 159
interacting vs. coacting teams, 254
legitimate power in, 255
member attraction and, 152, 15~158
military, 150-151
military R&D status, 279; see also
COHORT system
negative effects, 8, 16, 134, 152, 159,
161-163, 244
negative norms and, 162
normative control system and, 255
organizational commitment and, 151,
154-155, 244
in organizations, 15~159, 163-165;
see also Organizational
development programs
performance and, 152, 153-154, 155,
157-158, 160-162
positive effects, 151-152, 159-161
recommended research on, 22, 134
referent power and, 255
research evidence on, 152-156,
163-164
in small groups, 152-154
vertical, 158-160
Groupthink, 162
Guided imagery, 3, 12
attention and, 104
evidence of effectiveness, 8, 10, 57
modulating factors, 2~21
SALTY use of, 6, 49, 51-52, 57, 261
SyberVision use of, 7
see also Mental imagery; Mental
rehearsal
H
Hawthorne effects
control for, 76, 254
definition, 253
in Hemi-Sync<53' studies, 113, 114
in SALTT studies, 56
in stress research, 8, 253
in visual training evaluation, 74
Heart rate regulation by biofeedback, 78,
89-93, 100 101, 252
OCR for page 293
INDEX
Hemi-Sync~3'
applications, 112-113, 241
approach and claims, 7, 111, 240, 255
binaural beat phenomenon, 7,
111-112, 114, 240
confounding effects in evaluating,
113-114
effectiveness, 21, 112-113, 114, 240
Hemispheric laterality
apraxias and, 255
cognitive activities associated with,
108, 255, 256
definition, 106-107, 253
dichotic listening measure of, 255
dual-task expenments, 255
electrophysiological recordings of,
109
evidence of, 21
eye movements and, 109, 140, 255
language and, 140
learning and, 52
matching studies of, 255-256
measurement of, 109
military R&D status on, 278
of negative slow-wave potentials, 88
performance and, 102, 105
processing modes and, 256
see also Split-brain patients
Hemispheric symmetry, BEG
synchronization, 253
Hemispheric synchronization, 6
in biofeedback, 98
effectiveness, 16, 21
theory and assumptions, 110-111
user acceptance, 279
see also Hemi-Sync~
Holographic brain theory, 6~69, 70, 141
Honorton, Charles, 22, 192-193, 200
Hyman, Ray, 182-183, 191-193, 200
Hypnopedia, see Sleep learning
I
Imagery, see Guided imagery
Influence strategies
attitude change through persuasive
communications, 135-136
constructing, 135, 148, 149
effectiveness, 137, 148
literature on, 133-135, 137, 166
military R&D status, 279
monitoring of research literature, 19
293
organizational development programs,
136-138, 148-149; see also Group
cohesion
recommendations on, 19, 22
study design flaws, 135
see also Neurolinguistic programming
J
Jacobson, Edmund, 122
Jahn, Robert, 22, 141, 175, 186
L
Language
components in learning, 45
correspondence between nonverbal
behavior and, 140, 257; see also
Neurolinguistic programming
hemispheric specialization in, 106
mental computations in, 2~21
see also Foreign language acquisition
Leadership
expert power, 2s4
legitimate power, 255
referent power, 255
Learned helplessness, 120
Learning
classroom, 6
conceptually driven, 41, 4s
cooperative, 54
data- or stimulus-driven, 40-41,
41 ~s,47
expectancy ejects on, 53
knowledge types and, 41~2
language, 45; see also Foreign
language acquisition
measures of, 42
pleasant learning restimulation, 261
sleep-disrupted, 4s-46, 47-48
storage and retrieval processes in,
40-43; see also Memory, human
stress reduction and, s8
symbolic, 6s, 2s7; see also Mental
rehearsal
vicarious, 7
vocabulary, 4s, 58
whole-brain, s2
see also Accelerated learning; Sleep
learning
Lewin, Kurt, 136
Lifton, Robert Jay, 129-130
Lozanov, Georgi, 49-so, 261
OCR for page 294
294
Marksmanship
M
implementation and sustainment of
programs, 27~278
mental practice and, 65
neurolinguistic programming and, 143
training procedures, 73, 256
May, Edward, 22
Measures of effectiveness
cognitive vs. physiological, 253
counselor empathy, 143, 144
performance measures, 153, 155, 161
of stress management techniques, 253
Meditation, 3
alpha and theta producers in, 252
concentrative, 253
effectiveness, 20
integrated, 253
mindfulness, 253
performance and, 105
practice, 253
transcendental, 122
Memory, human
alertness and, 103
awareness and, 43
commissurotomy effects on, 256
dissociation among types of, 41-42
dual-code theory of, 255, 256
episodic, 41
holographic model, 6~69
long-term, improving, 54
optimal conditions for, 104
performance in sleep-deprived state,
procedural, 41
propositional theory of, 256
semantic, 41~2
sleep learning and, 40, 46
storage, 4, 41
strength, measurement of, 42-43
stress effects on, 128
see also Sleep learning
Mental rehearsal
applications, 65, 238, 256
in attentional control training, 71
attention arousal set and, 104, 256
effectiveness, 16, 20, 61-65, 238
elements, 61-62, 238
meta-analysis of, 63, 238, 256
military R&D status, 279
moderating variables in, 63-65
physical rehearsal contrasted with,
63-65, 257
INDEX
practice time, 64
skill proficiency requirement, 64
stress management by, 8
SyberVision use of, 7, 67-70, 238
theory and assumptions, 65-67, 70,
237, 257
see also Guided imagery
Meta-analysis, 26, 63, 142, 238, 256-257
Methods, experimental
benefits of using, 12, 35
contrast of novel program with
standard practice, 31, 34
for sleep learning, 47~8
in parapsychology research, see
Ganzfeld psi experiments;
Random number generator
experiments; Remote sensing
experiments
standards for, 25-26
see also Evaluation of enhancement
techniques; Military R&D process
Methodological flaws and problems
in biofeedback research, 78, 83, 95,
98, 100, 253
expectancy effects, 113-114
file drawer problem in, 259
in Hemi-Sync~ studies, 113-114
illusory covariation, 25, 197-198
implicit sensory cueing, 182-183
independence of successive trials
lacking, 180-181
in influence strategy study designs,
135
lack of data, 11
in military R&D process, 271
motivated teacher effect, 55-56, 59
in parapsychology research, 178-184,
186-190, 191-193, 195-198,
200-206, 253
in ProVision evaluation, 74
Pygmalion effect, 56
qualitative evidence, 200-206
replication difficulties, 8, 26, 78, 178
in SALTT research, 55-58, 237
threats to validity, 25-26, 34
transferability of findings, 30-31
see also Biases; Hawthorne effect
Military R&D process
advanced development, 270-274
applied research and early
development, 269-270
decisions involved in, 265-278
engineering development, 274-275
OCR for page 295
INDEX
error sources in, 263-265
flaws in methodologies, 271
funding steps, 262-263
Models and modeling
attitude, 136
expert performance, 133, 134, 143,
145, 146-148
Monroe Institute of Applied Science, 7,
111
Monroe, Robert, 7, 111
Motivation
in advancing enhancement
techniques, 4
coercive, 255
Hemi-Sync~ effect on, 112-113
organizational development programs
and, 136
SALINE techniques, 50
student and instructor, 50, 59, 112
taxonomic problems, 13
Motor skills
fine, 4
strategies for improving, 20, 61-101
Music
Hemi-Sync~ and, 113, 240
memorization effects of, 57-58
mental rehearsal and, 68
relaxation induction, 253
SALTS use of, 6, 49-52, 55, 58, 261
suggestive techniques, 55
N
Neurolinguistic programming
anchors in, 147, 257
applications, 140-141, 243
approach and claims, ~7, 138-141,
242
congruity and, 257
EEG patterns and, 140-141
effectiveness, 8, 16, 21, 133, 143-145,
149, 243
eye movement theory, 139-142,
251-258
internal consistency of, 141~142
modeling expert performances, 133,
134, 143, 145, 146-148
mutual accommodation or
convergence, 258
National Association of, 6
predicate matching, 139, 142-143,
242, 258
reframing, 258
295
research on, 142-144
response mode measures, 258
scientific support for, 141, 145
status currently, 144-145
study design, 146
tracking, 258
transactional perspective, 258
unintended consequences, 145-146
user acceptance of, 279
see also Preferred representational
system
Neuromuscular programming
evidence of, 70
SyberVision use of, 68
techniques, 7
theory, 65-66, 70
Neurotransmitters, 4, 103
Novaco-Sarason project, 125, 127, 131
o
Organizational cultures, 155, 158-159
Organizational development programs
studies of, 154
team building, 154
types and effectiveness, 136-138
see also Group cohesion
p
Paranormal phenomena
applications, 170-171, 245
claims, seriousness of, 171
criticisms of findings, 178-184,
18~190, 191-193, 195-198.
200-206, 253
electrical activity and emotional
states, 193-198
evaluation of evidence, 25, 175-200
evidence for, 8, 16, 22, 172, 198-207,
259
meta-analysis, 257
nature of, 169-171, 245
out-of-body experiments, 170, 171
primary perception in plants, 194
problematic beliefs, 203-205
quantum theory and, 172
standards of evidence, 172-175,
198-202
subjective validation of, 177, 19~197
see also Clairvoyance; Extrasensory
perception; Precognition; Psi;
Psychokinesis; Telepathy
OCR for page 296
296
Parapsychological Association, 176
Parapsychology
experiments, see Ganzfeld psi
experiments; Random number
generator experiments; Remote
sensing experiments
file drawer problem in, 259
laboratories, 175-176
military R&D status on, 278
preferential matching in, 259
recommended research in, 22,
207-208
replication of experiments in, 8, 172,
174, 178
theory and assumptions, 244
user acceptance, 279
Performance
altering states of awareness and,
20-21, 103-105
biofeedback effects on, 8, 20, 21, 61,
77, 86, 89-90, 239
expert, model of, 133, 134, 143, 145,
146-148
group cohesion and, 152, 153-154,
155, 157-158, 160-162
hemispheric laterality and, 102, 105
measures of, 153, 155, 161
meditation and, 105
mental concentration and, 104
peak, 6, 20, 103-105
satisfaction and, 136
in sleep-deprived state, 46
under stress, 20-21, 58, 89-90, 116
Persuasion, attitude change through,
135-136
Physical exercise, concentration
enhancement by, 261
Physical rehearsal, mental rehearsal
contrasted with, 257
Posttraumatic stress disorder
symptoms and diagnosis, 128-129
treatment, 129-130
Precognition
definition, 170, 245, 259
military applications, 171
random number generator
experiments, 176
Preferred representational system
characterization, 139-140, 242, 258
EEG pattern correlated with, 140
eye movement indicators of, 146, 258
importance in neurolinguistic
programming, 142
INDEX
predicate matching, 258
tracking to assess, 258
Pribam, Karl, 8, 67, 68, 141
Price, Pat, 177, 182
Provision Training Program, approach
and claims, 73-75
Psi
conducive conditions for, 203-206
definition, 173
see also Extrasensory perception;
Paranormal phenomena
Psychic warfare
antimissile time warp, 170
First Earth Battalion of warrior
monks, 171
hyperspatial nuclear howitzer, 171
psychotropic weapons, 170-171
Psychokinesis
definition, 170, 245
evidence for, 190, 207, 245
majority vote technique in tests, 259
metal bending, 171, 203-206
military applications, 171
singles test, 260
see also Random number generator
experiments
Psychoneuroimmunology, 119
Q
Quantum physics
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox,
259
imagery analysis, 69
paranormal phenomena and, 172
R
Random number generator experiments,
22, 172
characterization of, 184-185, 259
criticism of, 200, 201
results, 185-186, 207
scientific assessment, 186-190
sites for, 175-176
special requirements, 174
well-controlled, 189-190
Reading skills, Hemi-Sync~ applied to, 7
Relaxation
alpha and theta producers in, 252
autogenic training and, 81, 252
cognitive, 98
1
OCR for page 297
INDEX
electromyography in, 79, 253
hemispheric activity and, 253
mental rehearsal and, 68
music and, 253
progressive, 79, 81
SALTT use of, 6, 49, 51, 52, 57, 261
stress effects on, 128
for stress management, 8
training, 121-122
Remote viewing experiments, 172
criticisms of, 200, 201
independence of experiments,
179-181
nature of, 170
replicability, 174
scientific assessment, 178-184
sensory cueing in, 182-183
SRI program, 176-178
success of, 245
Respiration, biofeedback regulation of,
91,94,100,253
Revien, L., 73
S
Satisfaction, performance and, 136
Schmidt, Helmut, 22, 175, 186
Sensitivity training, 13~137
Sensory modalities, preferred, 4, 257-258
Skill learning, 9; see also Behavior skills
training; Enhancement techniques
Sleep
deprivation, memory enhancement
and, 46
inducement, 4, 7
stages, 260
stress ejects on, 128
Sleep learning, 3, 6
alpha wave activity and, 39
altering attitudes, affective reactions,
or moods, 45
applications, 43~6, 236
costs of, 40, 45~6
disrupted-sleep, 45~6, 47~8
electiveness, 8, 16, 19, 39, 236
elements, 235
ethical issues, 45
hypnopedia, 260
memory tests of, 40
military R&D status, 278
Morse code training, 40, 44~5
positive demonstrations, 39~0
presleep training, 44
297
recommended research on, 19, 46~8
sleep-assisted instruction, 260
state-dependent learning, 46, 47-48
theory, 235
types possible, 43
during verified sleep, 19, 39, 44~5,
47
Social Readjustment Rating Scale, 118
Social psychological research
interpersonal influence strategies,
134-149
group cohesion and organizational
effects, 149-166
Soviet Union
hypnopedia research, 40, 236, 260
parapsychology research, 22, 170, 172
Split-brain patients
information processing in, 107-108
learning by, 3
studies of, 106, 256
SRI International, remote viewing
programs, 17~178
Statistical brain theory, 141
Stress
anxiety end, 118
arousal and, 103, 117, 121-122
biological indicators, 117
cortisol levels and, 119- 121
costs of, 21
diathesis, 118
learning and performance capabilities
under, 20-21, 58, 89-90, 116
measurement in people, 118
nature of, 117-121
negative norm enhancement in groups
during, 162
physical illness and, 116, 118
resistance to deleterious effects of,
118
response, 116, 118-119, 121
uncertainty and, 119-120
zero defect rule and, 116-117
Stress management/reduction, 3, 6
applications, 242
approaches, 8, 121-127, 241
arousal reduction and, 121-122
during basic training, 13~131
behavior skills training, 125-126
biases in research, 8
by biofeedback, 21, 122-123
by cognitive restructuring, 123-125
conditioned emotional response in,
253
OCR for page 298
298
in drill instructors, 125, 127, 131
through environmental changes,
}26-127
ethical issues, 131-132
Hawthorne effect in, 253
by Hemi-Sync<3, 7, 112-113
military R&D status, 279
in military settings, 127-131
measures of, 253
military concerns with 116-117
programs, 130-131
rational emotive therapy for, 124
recommended research on, 21
research literature on, 10, 127
results, 241
self-instruction to guide behavior, 124
social problem solving for, 124-125
theory and assumptions, 241, 253
time management, 126
uncertainty reduction and, 16, 21,
115, 122, 125, 126-127, 130-131
Suggestive Accelerative Learning and
Teaching Techniques (SALTT)
approach and claims, 6, 49, 50, 236,
261
classroom environment, 51-52
effectiveness, 16, 19, 237
evidence for, 52-59
literature review, 54-58
Society for, 49
study design weaknesses and
questionable interpretations,
55-58, 237
theory and assumptions, 6, 52-53,
236, 261
Suggestive principles, SALTT use of, 6,
261
Suggestopedia, 49, 50, 261
SyberVision
approach and claims, 7-8, 67-70, 238
recommended research, 70
T
Telepathy, definition, 170, 260
Temperature control in body extremities,
9~98, 100-101, 253
Test of Attentional and Interpersonal
Style, 71, 77
Testimonials, value as evidence, 11, 17,
54-55, 172, 200-202
Tests as motivational devices and
learning events, 54
INDEX
T-groups, 136-137
Thurstone, L. L., 40
U.S. Army, 3
U
bidding procedures, 18
cohesion in, 150-151
evaluation resources and needs,
15-17, 19, 28
evaluation standards relative to
scientific standards, 27
HARDMAN methods, 274
implementation of new techniques,
15, 16, 30, 31, 272-274
MANPRINT program, 274
marksmanship program, implementing
and sustaining, 276-278
monitoring of parapsychology
research, 22-23
New Manning System field
evaluation, 160-161
peacetime vs. wartime needs, 273
personnel turnover and pilot
programs, 30, 273
psychological techniques incorporated
into training, 61
racial tension among peers in
Vietnam, 158
R&D process, see Military R&D
process
SALTT study by, 58
skill training needs, 4-5, 8, 29-30
solicitation and evaluation processes
for new enhancement techniques,
32-34
stress reduction in, 20, 125, 127-131
techniques of interest to, 6
zero defect rule, 116-117
see also COHORT system
V
Vasoconstriction, peripheral, by
biofeedback, 253
Vietnam veterans, trauma problems and
treatment, 129-130
Visual training programs/exercises
design, 72-73
effectiveness, 16, 20, 61
Olympic Committee appropriation
for, 76
OCR for page 299
INDEX
ProVision, 73-75
research literature on, 75
Visuospatial processing
hemispheric specialization in, 106
by split-brain patients, 256
299
W
Waiting-list control group, 254
Wolpe, Joseph, 122
OCR for page 300
Representative terms from entire chapter:
enhancement techniques
