|
Items in cart [0] |
Questions? Call 888-624-8373 |
| Copyright © 2009. National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Terms of Use and Privacy Statement |
Below are the first 10 and last 10 pages of uncorrected machine-read text (when available) of this chapter, followed by the top 30 algorithmically extracted key phrases from the chapter as a whole.
Intended to provide our own search engines and external engines with highly rich, chapter-representative searchable text on the opening pages of each chapter.
Because it is UNCORRECTED material, please consider the following text as a useful but insufficient proxy for the authoritative book pages.
Do not use for reproduction, copying, pasting, or reading; exclusively for search engines.
OCR for page 406
E
Committee and Staff Biographies
Alan Nelson, M.D., Chair, is an internist-endocrinologist who was in
private practice in Salt Lake City, Utah until becoming chief executive
officer of the American Society of Internal Medicine (ASIM) in 1992.
Following the merger of ASIM with the American College of Physicians
(ACP) in 1998, Dr. Nelson headed the Washington Office of ACP-ASIM
until his semi-retirement in lanuary 2000, and currently serves as Special
Advisor to the EVP/CEO of the College. Dr. Nelson was appointed to
the Medicare Payment Advisory Commission (MedPAC) in May 2000.
He was president of the American Medical Association in 1989-90 and
was president of the World Medical Association from 1991-1992.
Dr. Nelson received his M.D. degree from Northwestern University. He
is a Master of the American College of Physicians and a member of the
Institute of Medicine.
Risa Lavizzo-Mourey, M.D., M.B.A., Co-Vice Chair, is the Senior Vice
President at the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Prior to joining the
foundation, she was the Director of the Institute on Aging, Chief of the
Division of Geriatric Medicine, and the Sylvan Eisman Professor of
Medicine and Health Care Systems at the University of Pennsylvania as
well as the Associate Chief of Staff for Geriatrics and extended care for
the Philadelphia Veterans Administration Medical Center. Dr. Lavizzo-
Mourey's research is at the interface of geriatric medicine and health
policy, focusing specifically on disease and disability prevention as well
as health care issues among persons of color. She earned her medical
degree at Harvard Medical School followed by a Masters in Business
406
OCR for page 407
E: COMMITTEE AND STAFF BIOGRAPHIES
407
Administration at the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School. Dr.
Lavizzo-Mourey was formerly the Deputy Administrator of the Agency
for Health Care Policy and Research, now known as the Agency for
Heath Care Research and Quality within the U.S. Department of Health
and Human Services. She was also a member of the White House Health
Care Policy team. Dr. Lavizzo-Mourey is a Master of the American Col-
lege of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine and a member
of the Institute of Medicine.
Martha N. Hill, Ph.D., Co-Vice Chair, is Interim Dean, Professor, and Di-
rector, Center for Nursing Research, at The Johns Hopkins University
School of Nursing. Her research has focused on hypertension care and
control in urban African American Communities. Dr. Hill has also worked
in the area of diabetes control in African Americans, patient and provider
compliance with recommendations, strategies for patient education and
behavior change, and health promotion and disease prevention. Her most
recent work includes research on barriers to hypertension care and con-
trol, and dispelling myths about urban Black men with hypertension. Dr.
Hill received her master's degree from the University of Pennsylvania
and her doctorate degree in behavioral sciences from the Johns Hopkins
School of Hygiene and Public Health. She is a fellow of the American
Academy of Nursing, the Society of Geriatric Cardiology, the Society for
Behavioral Medicine, and was the 1997-1998 president of the American
Heart Association. Dr. Hill is a member of the Institute of Medicine.
Joseph R. Betancourt, M.D., M.P.H., is Senior Scientist, Institute for
Health Policy and Director for Multicultural Education, Multicultural Af-
fairs Office at Massachusetts General Hospital-Harvard Medical School.
Dr. Betancourt's primary interests include cross-cultural medicine, minor-
ity recruitment into the health professions, and minority health/health
policy research. His research has focused on developing a framework for
cultural competence as a health policy initiative and quality measure
(funded by the Commonwealth Fund), and exploring root causes for ra-
cial/ethnic disparities in heath (funded by HCFA and the NIH). Dr.
Betancourt is a graduate of the New Jersey Medical School, Cornell Medi-
cal Center, and the Harvard School of Public Health. He serves on the
New York Academy of Medicine's Racial/Ethnic Disparities Working
Group and the Greater New York Hospital Association's Steering Com-
mittee on Racial/Ethnic Disparities.
M. Gregg Bloche, M.D., l.D., is Professor of Law and Co-Director of the
Georgetown-Johns Hopkins Joint Program in Law and Public Health. Dr.
Bloche writes and lectures on the law, policy, and ethics of health care
OCR for page 408
408
UNEQUAL TREATMENT
provision. His recent and current scholarship addresses efficiency and
fairness issues, the interplay between medical markets and the law, pa-
tients' rights, and socio-economic and racial disparities in medical care.
Professor Bloche received a 1997-2000 Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
Investigator Award in Health Policy Research to support his work on the
legal and regulatory governance of managed care organizations. He re-
ceived his I.D. from Yale Law School and his M.D. from Yale University
School of Medicine. Dr. Bloche has been a consultant to the Institute of
Medicine, South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation Commission (on hu-
man rights in the health sector), the Federal Judicial Center, the American
Association for the Advancement of Science, the World Health Organiza-
tion, and other private and public bodies. He serves on the boards of
Physicians for Human Rights, Mental Disability Rights International, the
International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, and other non-profit groups. In
addition to his academic publications, he has contributed commentaries
and op-eds. to nationally broadcast programs.
W. Michael Byrd, M.D., M.P.H., is Senior Research Scientist and Instruc-
tor in the Division of Public Health Practice at the Harvard School of Pub-
lic Health, and Instructor and Staff Physician at Beth Israel Deaconess
Hospital. His work focuses on health policies that impact African-
American populations and other disadvantaged minorities. He also has
expertise in the medical and public health history of African Americans.
Dr. Byrd obtained his M.D. degree from Meharry Medical College and
M.P.H. from the Harvard School of Public Health. Before entering aca-
demic medicine approximately 15 years ago, Dr. Byrd spent a decade in
practice as an OB/GYN in Fort Worth, Texas. Dr. Byrd's previous aca-
demic appointments include assistant professorships at Meharry Medical
College and SUNY Downstate Medical School, and service as senior
attending physician at the teaching hospitals of both medical centers.
John F. Dovidio, M.A., Ph.D., is Charles A. Dana Professor, Department
of Psychology and Interim Provost and Dean of the Faculty at Colgate
University. Dr. Dovidio's research interests are in stereotyping, preju-
dice, and discrimination; social power and nonverbal communication; and
altruism and helping. He received his M.A. and Ph.D. in social psychol-
ogy from the University of Delaware. Dr. Dovidio shared the 1985 and
1998 Gordon Allport Intergroup Relations Prize with Samuel L. Gaertner
for their work on aversive racism and ways to reduce bias. Dr. Dovidio
has been Editor of Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, and he is cur-
rently Associate Editor of Group Processes and Intergroup Relations. He is a
Fellow of the American Psychological Association and of the American
Psychological Society, has been President of the Society for the Psycho-
OCR for page 409
E: COMMITTEE AND STAFF BIOGRAPHIES
409
logical Study of Social Issues (SPSSI), Division 9 of APA, and is currently
Secretary-Treasurer of the Society for Experimental Social Psychology.
lose l. Escarce, M.D., Ph.D., is a Senior Natural Scientist at RAND, where
he is co-director of the Center for Research on Health Care Organization,
Economics and Finance. His research interests and expertise include
health economics, managed care, physician behavior, access to medical
care, and technological change in medicine. Dr. Escarce has studied racial
differences in the utilization of surgical procedures and diagnostic tests
by elderly Medicare beneficiaries, and was lead investigator of a study of
racial differences in medical care utilization among older persons that was
based on the 1987 NMES. He was co-investigator of a study that used
interactive videodisc technology to assess the impact of patient race and
gender on physician decision making for patients with chest pain. Dr.
Escarce is currently working on several projects that address sociodemo-
graphic barriers to access in managed care. Dr. Escarce earned a Master's
degree in physics from Harvard University, obtained his medical degree
and doctorate in health economics from the University of Pennsylvania,
and completed his residency at Stanford University.
Sandra Adamson Fryhofer, M.D., M.A.C.P., is a general internist engaged
in private practice in Atlanta, Georgia, and the 2000-2001 president of the
American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine.
She is also a Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine at Emory University
School of Medicine. Dr. Fryhofer has spent much of her career as an ad-
vocate for general internal medicine with a special interest in women's
health. She can be found throughout the country presenting lectures and
serving on panels to offer her expertise on subjects such as menopause,
hormone replacement therapy, oral contraceptives, lipid disorders, and
treatment of depression in the primary care settings. Dr. Fryhofer received
her medical degree and internal medicine training from Emory Univer-
sity School of Medicine, where she is a member of Alpha Omega Alpha
honor society. Dr. Fryhofer has been an active member of ACP-ASIM's
Educational Policy Committee, diplomat of the American Board of Inter-
nal Medicine and active member of the Subcommittee on Clinical Compe-
tence in Women's Health.
Thomas Inui, Sc.M., M.D., is Senior Scholar at the Fetzer Institute. Dr.
Inui's special emphases in teaching and research have included physi-
cian/patient communication, health promotion and disease prevention,
the social context of medicine, and medical humanities. He completed his
M.D. and Masters of Science in Public Health degrees at The Johns Hop-
kins University. Previously, he has served as Paul C. Cabot Professor of
OCR for page 410
410
UNEQUAL TREATMENT
Ambulatory Care and Prevention, Director of the Primary Care Division,
and Faculty Dean at Harvard Medical School; Professor of Health and
Social Behavior at the Harvard School of Public Health; Medical Director
for Research and Education at Harvard Pilgrim Health Care; Division
Head for General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University
of Washington; and Chief of Medicine at the U.S. Public Health Service
Indian Hospital in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Dr. Inui is a member of
the Institute of Medicine.
Annie foe, Ph.D., M.P.H., is Professor of Family and Community Medi-
cine and Director of the Native American Research and Training Center at
the University of Arizona. An anthropologist, her research has focused
on the availability and use of services in Indian health clinics, provision of
health care for the American Indian disabled, and treatment and preven-
tion of diabetes among American Indian youth. Dr. Toe's most recent work
includes cross-cultural perspectives in preventing and controlling cancer,
recommendations for health care providers working with native families,
and the emergence of a Type II diabetes epidemic in youth. Dr. Toe re-
ceived her M.P.H. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of California,
Berkeley.
Thomas McGuire, Ph.D., is Professor of Health Economics at Harvard
Medical School. His work has focused on financing and cost effectiveness
of behavioral health care and the industrial organization of health care. His
most recent research includes an analysis of physician behavior in man-
aged care environments, the use of risk-adjusted premiums to affect incen-
tives to managed care plans to supply the appropriate quality of care, and
the economics of health care disparities. Dr. McGuire received his Ph.D. in
economics from Yale University. He was the recipient of the Kenneth I.
Arrow Award for Best Paper in Health Economics in 1997, and received a
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Investigator Award in Health Policy in
1994. Dr. McGuire is a member of the Institute of Medicine.
Carolina Reyes, M.D., is Vice President of Planning and Evaluation at
The California Endowment. Her research has focused on evaluating the
effectiveness of programs in health care settings and describing clinical
patterns associated with Intimate Partner Violence as well as assessing
the quality of maternal health care services. Dr. Reyes is currently a Se-
nior Scholar with the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. She
received her Medical Degree from Harvard Medical School. Dr. Reyes
completed her residency in Obstetrics and Gynecology and her fellow-
ship in Maternal-Fetal Medicine at the Los Angeles County-USC Women's
and Children's Hospital. She is an appointed member of the U.S. Secre-
OCR for page 411
E: COMMITTEE AND STAFF BIOGRAPHIES
411
tary of Health and Human Services' Advisory Committee on Infant Mor-
tality. She also serves as Senior Medical Advisor for the National Alliance
of Hispanic Health.
Donald Steinwachs, Ph.D., is Chair and Professor of the Department of
Health Policy and Management in The Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene
and Public health. He is also Director of The Johns Hopkins University
Health Services Research and Development Center. His research includes
studies of medical effectiveness and patient outcomes for individuals with
medical, surgical, and psychiatric disorders; the impact of managed care
on access, quality, utilization, and cost; and developing methods to mea-
sure the effectiveness of systems of care. Dr. Steinwachs has particular
interest in the role of routine management information systems as a source
of data for evaluating the effectiveness and cost of health care. He re-
ceived his M.S. in systems engineering from the University of Arizona
and his Ph.D. in Operations Research from The Johns Hopkins Univer-
sity. Dr. Steinwachs is past President of the Association for Health Ser-
vices Research and is the Director of the Johns Hopkins and University of
Maryland Center for Research on Services for Severe Mental Illness (SMI).
He also serves as a consultant to federal agencies and private founda-
tions, and serves on the board of directors of Mathematica Policy Research.
Dr. Steinwachs is a member of the Institute of Medicine.
David R. Williams, Ph.D., M.P.H., is Professor of Sociology and Senior
Research Scientist at the Institute for Social Research at the University of
Michigan. His prior academic appointment was at Yale University. Dr.
Williams is interested in social and psychological factors that affect health,
and especially in the trends and the determinants of socioeconomic and
racial differences in mental and physical health. He received an MPH
from Loma Linda University and a Ph.D. in sociology from the University
of Michigan. Currently, he is on the editorial board of five scientific jour-
nals. He has served on two committees of the National Research Council
and as a member of the Department of Health and Human Services Na-
tional Committee on Vital and Health Statistics (and chair of its subcom-
mittee on Minority and Other Special Populations). He has also held
elected positions in professional organizations, such as the Secretary-Trea-
surer of the Medical Sociology Section of the American Sociological Asso-
ciation. Dr. Williams is a member of the Institute of Medicine.
Health Sciences Policy Board Liaison
Gloria E. Sarto, M.D., is Professor and past Chair of the Department of
Obstetrics and Gynecology (OB/GYN) at the University of New Mexico
OCR for page 412
412
UNEQUAL TREATMENT
School of Medicine in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Her research interests
include studies of genetic disorders and reproductive dysfunction. Dr.
Sarto is President of the Society for the Advancement of Women's Health
Research and is on the Professional Advisory Board of the Epilepsy Foun-
dation of America. She is a member of the Board of Governors and Board
of Directors of the National Center for Genome Resources and chairs the
Advisory Council for OB/GYN of the American College of Surgeons. She
co-chaired the Panel on Young Adulthood to Perimenopausal Years for
the Office of Research on Women's Health Conference, Opportunities for
Research on Women's Health in 1991, and has participated as a Task Force
member in the NIH/ORWH series of workshops, Beyond Hunt Valley,
1996-97. Dr. Sarto was a member of the National Advisory Council on
Child Health and Human Development, NIH; the Clinical Research Panel
of the National Task Force on the NIH Strategic Plan; and the Committee
on Research Capabilities of Academic Departments of Obstetrics and Gy-
necology, Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences.
Additionally, she has been Vice President of the American Board of Ob-
stetrics and Gynecology and Director of its Division of Maternal-Fetal
Medicine. Dr. Sarto has published extensively on a wide array of women's
health topics, including reproductive medicine and sexually transmitted
diseases. She currently is on the editorial boards of Perinatal Press, Journal
of Reproductive Medicine, and Women's Health Letter.
IOM Staff Biographies
Andrew Pope, Ph.D., is director of the Board on Health Sciences Policy at
the Institute of Medicine. With expertise in physiology and biochemistry,
his primary interests focus on environmental and occupational influences
on human health. Dr. Pope's previous research activities focused on the
neuroendocrine and reproductive effects of various environmental sub-
stances on food-producing animals. During his tenure at the National
Academy of Sciences and since 1989 at the Institute of Medicine, Dr. Pope
has directed numerous reports; topics include injury control, disability
prevention, biologic markers, neurotoxicology, indoor allergens, and the
enhancement of environmental and occupational health content in medi-
cal and nursing school curricula. Most recently, Dr. Pope directed studies
on NIH priority-setting processes, fluid resuscitation practices in combat
casualties, and organ procurement and transplantation.
Brian D. Smedley, Ph.D., is a Senior Program Officer in the Division of
Health Sciences Policy of the Institute of Medicine. Previously, Dr.
Smedley served as Study Director for the IOM reports, Promoting Health:
OCR for page 413
E: COMMITTEE AND STAFF BIOGRAPHIES
413
Intervention Strategies from Social and Behavioral Research, and The Unequal
Burden of Cancer: An Assessment of NIH Research and Programs for Ethnic
Minorities and the Medically Underserved. Dr. Smedley came to the IOM
from the American Psychological Association, where he worked on a wide
range of social, health, and education policy topics in his capacity as
Director for Public Interest Policy. Prior to working at the APA, he served
as a Congressional Science Fellow in the office of Rep. Robert C. Scott (D-
VA), sponsored by the American Association for the Advancement of
Science, and as a postdoctoral research fellow in the Education Policy
Division of the Educational Testing Service in Princeton, New lersey.
Dr. Smedley received a Ph.D. degree in clinical psychology from the Uni-
versity of California, Los Angeles, where he was a Ford Foundation
predoctoral and dissertation fellow.
On a personal note, Dr. Smedley would like to acknowledge his god-
father, Dr. Charles H. Wright of Detroit, Michigan. Dr. Wright was an
obstetrician whose tireless efforts to increase awareness of the rich history
of African peoples and their descendants in America and throughout the
world resulted in the creation of the Charles H. Wright Museum of Afri-
can-American History in Detroit, among many other such institutions.
Dr. Wright died on March 7, 2002, shortly before this report was released.
Adrienne Y. Stith, Ph.D., is a Program Officer in the Division of Health
Sciences Policy of the Institute of Medicine. Prior to working at the Insti-
tute of Medicine, she served as the lames Marshall Public Policy Scholar,
a fellowship sponsored by the Society for the Psychological Study of So-
cial Issues and the American Psychological Association. She worked in
the areas of ethnic health disparities, mental health services for children
in schools, and racial profiling. Dr. Stith is also a licensed clinical psy-
chologist, receiving her doctorate in 1997 from the University of Vermont.
She completed a postdoctoral fellowship in Adolescent Medicine and
Pediatric Psychology at the University of Rochester Medical Center, in
Rochester, New York. She provided services to children and adolescents
in community mental health centers, schools, primary care settings, teen
clinics, and foster care, and worked with pregnant teens as well as children
with chronic illness. While at the University of Rochester, her research
examined stress and social support in children residing in foster care.
Daniel l. Woolen, M.D., is Professor of Surgery/Anesthesia, lames H.
Quillen College of Medicine at East Tennessee State University and
Scholar-in-Residence at the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Woolen was Execu-
tive Associate Dean for Academic and Faculty Affairs at the Quillen Col-
lege of Medicine for approximately five years before he accepted the ap-
pointment at the National Academy of Sciences. From 1974 to 1995 Dr.
OCR for page 414
414
UNEQUAL TREATMENT
Woolen was Chairman, Department of Anesthesiology at the Charles R.
Drew University of Medicine and Science, Vice Chair of the Department
of Anesthesiology at UCLA and chief-of-service Department of Anesthe-
siology at King/Drew Medical Center in Los Angeles, CA. He has exten-
sive experience in inner-city health care delivery systems and the insti-
tutional infrastructures necessary to support them. Rural medicine,
community health and rural primary care health education have been his
most recent challenges in northeast Tennessee at the lames H. Quillen
College of Medicine. Dr. Woolen completed his doctor of medicine de-
gree at Meharry Medical College. He served his internship in internal
medicine at George W. Hubbard Hospital in Nashville, completed his resi-
dency training in anesthesiology and a fellowship in critical care medi-
cine at the University of Pittsburgh Health Science Center.
Thelma L. Cox is Senior Project Assistant in the Division of Health Sci-
ences Policy. During her eleven years at the Institute of Medicine, she has
also provided assistance to the Division of Health Care Services and the
Division of Biobehavioral Sciences and Mental Disorders. Ms. Cox has
worked on numerous IOM projects, including: Designing A Strategy for
Quality Review and Assurance in Medicare; Evaluating the Artificial
Heart Program of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Study of
FDA Advisory Committees, Federal Regulation of Methadone Treatment;
Legal and Ethical Issues Relating to the Inclusion of Women in Clinical
Studies; Social and Behavioral Science Base for HIV/AIDS Prevention and
Intervention; The Unequal Burden of Cancer: An Assessment of NIH Re-
search and Programs for Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Under-
served; and, Exploring the Biological Contributions to Human Health:
Does Sex Matter? Ms. Cox has received the National Research Council
Recognition Award and has been the recipient of two IOM Staff Achieve-
ment Awards.
Representative terms from entire chapter:
staff biographies
