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The following HTML text is provided to enhance online readability. Many aspects of typography translate only awkwardly to HTML. Please use the page image as the authoritative form to ensure accuracy. Chile, water resources in, 203 Chimpanzees, conditionally cooperative enforcers among, 181n Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), 264 Choice building on existing institutions, 370–372 determining effects in, 367–369 and the emergence of institutions for the commons, 363–375 horizontal and vertical linkages, 372–374 muddling through, 374–375 situated rational, 363–375 step-wise model of, 365–370 Circumpolar Protected Areas Network (CPAN), 279–281 Citizen science, cross-scale linkages in, 307 global, 23 Closed-form solutions, 38 Co-management arrangements, 260–261, 284 between communities and governments, 301–304 cross-scale linkages in, 304–307 of environmental resources, 222 Coalition formation, 130 Coastal states, jurisdiction claimed by, 272– 273 Coercive dominance, 416–418 Coherence, social, 108n Collaborative research, that enables cross-scale linkages, 308–310 Collaborative research centers, 16, 76n Collective action, 73n by small groups, 59–60 Collective efficacy, 132–133 Collective learning in complex adaptive systems, 340–351 organizational question, 341–347 organizations, rights, and incentives, 347–351 Colonization, 295–296 Comedy of the commons model, 4 Commerce in resources, 247–250 Commitments, motives for follow-up on, 135 Common management, of irrigation systems, 47–49 Common-pool resource game, equilibria with sanctioning possibilities, 169–172, 190–191 Common-pool resource studies, 16, 26, 28n actor-focused ecology and the economics of flexibility, 375–378 being specific and critical about community, 384–387 bibliography of, 6 deliberation and discourse, 383–384 embeddedness, 381–384 old and new directions in, 375–387 political ecology, 378–381 problems with, 45 Common-pool resources (CPRs), 3, 15, 17–18, 87–112. See also Common resources, Commons causal paths describing hypothesized effects of wealth or wealth inequality on maintenance of, 448 as collective goods, 93 cost of measurement, 24 governance of, 26 need for extending insights to a broader array of, 472–474 renewable or nonrenewable, 22–23 scale of, 23–24 sustainable management of, 46–54 Common-Pool Resources database, 5, 28n Common-pool sinks, 19 Common property regimes, 15, 17–18, 27, 41– 85. See also Community-based management regimes designations given to, 253n in Ethopia, 13 in the Swiss Alps, 13 in Upper Burma, 13 vs. open access conditions, 51 Common Property Resource Digest, The, 17– 18 Common resources, 17–18, 233–257. See also Common-pool resources, Commons addressing problems of method, 63–70 analyses of sustainable management of common-pool resources, 46–54 and CBMR and TEA regimes as management institutions, 237–253 critical enabling conditions for sustainability on the commons, 62– 63 facilitating conditions identified by Wade, 48
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