NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.

Support for this project was provided by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management under Contract No. PAA007017, U.S. Bureau of Reclamation under Contract No. 99-FG-81-0-0154, the U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service and Forest Service under Contract No. 68-3A75-0-170, the National Science Foundation under Contract No. DEB-9909095, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under Contract No. CR 826316-01-0, and the U.S. Geological Survey under Contract No. 98HQSA0429.

Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Government.