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Safe on Mars: Precursor Measurements Necessary to Support Human Operations on the Martian Surface (2002)

Chapter: Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members." National Research Council. 2002. Safe on Mars: Precursor Measurements Necessary to Support Human Operations on the Martian Surface. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10360.
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Appendix B

Biographical Sketches of Committee Members

FREDERICK H. HAUCK (Chair) is a member of the Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board and is president and chief executive officer of AXA Space, a company that specializes in providing insurance for launching and operating space systems. Before coming to AXA Space, Mr. Hauck was director of the Navy Space Systems Division in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations. Before that, he was a test pilot and a member of the astronaut corps. As an astronaut, he flew in space three times and was commander of the first shuttle flight after the Challenger accident. He has been a member or chair of numerous panels and advisory groups on national and international space activities. He holds degrees in physics and nuclear engineering from Tufts University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Mr. Hauck is a fellow in both the Society of Experimental Test Pilots and the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, and is a national associate of the National Academies.

HARRY Y. McSWEEN (Vice Chair) is a professor and former head of the Department of Geological Sciences and Distinguished Professor of Science at the University of Tennessee. He holds degrees from the Citadel, the University of Georgia, and Harvard University (Ph.D.) and has been a member of the University of Tennessee faculty for 23 years. He recently was president of the Meteoritical Society and chair of the Planetary Division of the Geological Society of America and has served on numerous advisory committees for NASA, including the Mars Pathfinder and Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft. Dr. McSween has served as a committee member on the NRC Committee on Planetary and Lunar Exploration from 1995 to 1998 and the Committee on Human Exploration from 1998 to 2000.

CYNTHIA BREAZEAL specializes in robotics and artificial intelligence with an emphasis on human-robotic interaction. Her past work has included behavior-based control for autonomous planetary microrovers, rough terrain locomotion, and fault-tolerant behavior. Dr. Breazeal is currently a professor at the MIT Media Lab. She has published extensively in books, maga-zines, and journals on a wide range of topics, including autonomous robots, planetary microrovers, legged locomotion, fault-tolerant behavior, visual attention, affective speech recognition, humanoid robotics, com-putational models of emotion and motivation, expres-sive speech synthesis, facial animation, behavior arbitration, social interaction between humans and robots, and learning. She has coauthored a graduate text on embodied intelligence and has authored another book, Designing Sociable Robots, from MIT Press. Her work has appeared extensively in the popular press, including Business Week, Time, U.S. News and World Report, Scientific American, Wired, the New York Times, and the Washington Post and on NBC's Nightly News and NPR's Morning Edition, as well as in various international publications.

BENTON C. CLARK is chief scientist for flight systems, Lockheed Martin Astronautics (LMA) in Denver, and has over 40 years experience in future mission design, spacecraft design and operations, space science, and development of advanced space instrumentation. He is director of the Advanced Planetary

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members." National Research Council. 2002. Safe on Mars: Precursor Measurements Necessary to Support Human Operations on the Martian Surface. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10360.
×

Studies group, where flight designs for Discovery and Mars missions are conceived and developed. Dr. Clark has over 55 publications and 90 reports, abstracts and presentations in instrumentation, planetary missions, radiation, space science, planetary geochemistry, exo-biology, and other fields of research and development. Dr. Clark has a B.S. in physics from the University of Oklahoma, an M.A. in physics from the University of California, and a Ph.D. in biophysics from Columbia University.

VON R. ESHLEMAN (NAE) is a professor emeritus at Stanford University. His main publications relate to electromagnetic remote sensing, with particular emphasis on spacecraft radio and radar systems. Dr. Eshleman has authored or coauthored approximately 175 publications. He has been a team leader or member for many NASA exploration spacecraft, including Mariner, Pioneer, Viking, Voyager, and Galileo. The missions were designed to study planetary atmospheres, iono-spheres, magnetospheres, surfaces, rings, and moons of the solar system. He was also a member of the advisory board for NASA's lunar and planetary missions. Dr. Eshleman received several distinguished alumni awards from George Washington University and Stanford, as well as several NASA medals for excep-tional scientific achievement as a result of his work on the atmosphere of Mars in 1965 and the atmospheres of Jupiter, Saturn, and Titan in 1981. He is also a found-ing member of the Planetary Society.

JOHN HAAS is group leader for the New Technologies Group in Applied Research Associates' New England Division, located in South Royalton, Vermont. Dr. Haas is currently working on the development of sensors and analytical methodologies for process, environmental, biotechnical, and geotechnical monitoring applications, including planetary exploration. Dr. Haas received his Ph.D. in analytical chemistry from the University of Massachusetts and has been principal investigator on nearly two dozen research programs in the areas of field analytical chemistry instrumentation, detection of chemicals of concern to human health, sensor development, geochemistry/ geophysics, in situ sampling and measurement techniques, remote fiber-optic sensing, laser spectroscopy, and miniature devices. Among his achievements are the invention of various Raman, fluorescence, absor-bance, and refractive index fiber-optic probes, a miniature fluorescence sensor, and a unique Raman spectrograph. Dr. Haas has also developed an array of small chemical, radiation, and geophysical sensors and samplers for use in the cone penetrometer, a subsurface geophysical and geochemical characterization tool. Several of his current research projects are directed at the detection of hazardous chemicals, including biological endotoxins, metallocyanides, perchlorate, and radionuclides.

JON B. REID is a professor at the University of Cincinnati Medical College's Department of Environmental Health. Dr. Reid has over 20 years of experience in toxicology and human health risk. He also works for the National Council on Aging and is assigned to the Environmental Protection Agency's National Center for Environmental Assessment, where his work includes preparation of a methodology for developing a comprehensive pathogen risk assessment procedure. His other consulting activities include research in exposure and risk from chemicals in the environment and the workplace.

JONATHAN RICHMOND is the director of the Office of Health and Safety at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, Georgia, and is an international authority on biosafety and laboratory containment design. Dr. Richmond was trained as a geneticist, worked for 10 years as a research virologist, and has been involved in the field of biosafety for the past 25 years. He has authored many scientific publications in microbiology, chaired many national symposia, edited numerous books, and is an international consultant to ministries of health on laboratory safety and training. He also serves as a director of a World Health Organization collaborating center on applied biosafety.

RONALD E. TURNER is a principal scientist at ANSER Corporation. Dr. Turner has extensive experience in radiation effects on humans in space; specifically, he has more than 20 years of experience in space systems analysis, space physics, orbital mechanics, remote sensing, and nuclear and particle physics. His recent research has included risk management strategies for solar particle events during human missions to the Moon or Mars. He has been an invited participant at NASA workshops looking at space radiation/biology missions, life science mission requirements for Mars 2001 and 2003, and the impact of solar particle events on the design of human missions.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members." National Research Council. 2002. Safe on Mars: Precursor Measurements Necessary to Support Human Operations on the Martian Surface. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10360.
×

WILLIAM “RED” L. WHITTAKER is the Fredkin Professor of Robotics at the Robotics Institute of Carnegie Mellon University. He is the director of Carnegie Mellon's Field Robotics Center, which he founded in 1986, and cofounder and chief scientist of RedZone Robotics. His research centers on walkers for planetary exploration, mobile robots in unpredictable field environments such as work sites and natural terrain; computer architectures to control mobile robots; modeling and planning for nonrepetitive tasks; complex problems of objective sensing in random or dynamic environments; and integration of complete robot systems. Projects under Dr. Whittaker's direc-tion include unmanned robots to explore planetary surfaces and volcano interiors, automation of mining machines and farm equipment, remote work systems for nuclear facility decommissioning, mobile robots for hazardous waste site investigation, and autonomous land vehicle navigation.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members." National Research Council. 2002. Safe on Mars: Precursor Measurements Necessary to Support Human Operations on the Martian Surface. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10360.
×
Page 48
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members." National Research Council. 2002. Safe on Mars: Precursor Measurements Necessary to Support Human Operations on the Martian Surface. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10360.
×
Page 49
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members." National Research Council. 2002. Safe on Mars: Precursor Measurements Necessary to Support Human Operations on the Martian Surface. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10360.
×
Page 50
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This study, commissioned by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), examines the role of robotic exploration missions in assessing the risks to the first human missions to Mars. Only those hazards arising from exposure to environmental, chemical, and biological agents on the planet are assessed. To ensure that it was including all previously identified hazards in its study, the Committee on Precursor Measurements Necessary to Support Human Operations on the Surface of Mars referred to the most recent report from NASA's Mars Exploration Program/ Payload Analysis Group (MEPAG) (Greeley, 2001). The committee concluded that the requirements identified in the present NRC report are indeed the only ones essential for NASA to pursue in order to mitigate potential hazards to the first human missions to Mars.

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