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Science and Its Role in the National Marine Fisheries Service (2002)

Chapter: Appendix C: National Standards in the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: National Standards in the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act." National Research Council. 2002. Science and Its Role in the National Marine Fisheries Service. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10387.
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APPENDIX C
National Standards in the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act1

  1. IN GENERAL—Any fishery management plan prepared, and any regulation promulgated to implement any such plan, pursuant to this title shall be consistent with the following national standards for fishery conservation and management:

  1. Conservation and management measures shall prevent overfishing while achieving, on a continuing basis, the optimum yield from each fishery for the United States fishing industry.

  2. Conservation and management measures shall be based on the best scientific information available.

  3. To the extent practicable, an individual stock of fish shall be managed as a unit throughout its range, and interrelated stocks of fish shall be managed as a unit or in close coordination.

  4. Conservation and management measures shall not discriminate between residents of different States. If it becomes necessary to allocate or assign fishing privileges among various United States fishermen, such allocation

1  

16 U.S.C. 1851, Sec. 201.

Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: National Standards in the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act." National Research Council. 2002. Science and Its Role in the National Marine Fisheries Service. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10387.
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shall be (A) fair and equitable to all such fishermen; (B) reasonably calculated to promote conservation; and (C) carried out in such manner that no particular individual, corporation, or other entity acquires an excessive share of such privileges.

  1. Conservation and management measures shall, where practicable, consider efficiency in the utilization of fishery resources; except that no such measure shall have economic allocation as its sole purpose.

  2. Conservation and management measures shall take into account and allow for variations among, and contingencies in, fisheries, fishery resources, and catches.

  3. Conservation and management measures shall, where practicable, minimize cost and avoid unnecessary duplication.

  4. Conservation and management measures shall, consistent with the conservation requirements of this Act (including the prevention of overfishing and rebuilding of overfished stocks), take into account the importance of fishery resources to fishing communities in order to (A) provide for the sustained participation of such communities, and (B) to the extent practicable, minimize adverse economic impacts in such communities. [Added in 1996]

  5. Conservation and management measures shall, to the extent practicable, (A) minimize bycatch and (B) to the extent bycatch cannot be avoided, minimize the mortality of such bycatch. [Added in 1996]

  6. Conservation and management measures shall, to the extent practicable, promote the safety of human life at sea. [Added in 1996]

Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: National Standards in the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act." National Research Council. 2002. Science and Its Role in the National Marine Fisheries Service. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10387.
×
Page 81
Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: National Standards in the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act." National Research Council. 2002. Science and Its Role in the National Marine Fisheries Service. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10387.
×
Page 82
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NMFS has a difficult and complex task in managing U.S. marine fisheries. Despite some successes, too many stocks continue to decline. Over the past decade, several problems have been identified that have contributed to the current dissatisfaction with how marine fisheries are managed. This dissatisfaction is evident from the large number of lawsuits filed by the fishing industry and environmental organizations. One central problem is overfishing. Overfishing issues have been discussed in a series of NRC reports, and these reports identify overcapitalization, and technological and gear improvements as some of the causes. The reports recommend ways to stem these problems and to advance the practice of fishery science at NMFS. This report reiterates some of these recommendations, and makes new recommendations to enhance the use of data and science for fisheries management.

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