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154 ELDER MISTREATMENT Appelbaum, P., and T. Grisso 1988 Assessing patients’ capacities to consent to treatment. New England Journal of Medicine 319:1635-1638. Berg, J.W. 1996 Legal and ethical complexities of consent with cognitively impaired research sub- jects: Proposed guidelines. Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics 24:18-35. Blenkner, M., M. Bloom, and R. Weber 1974 Protective Services for Older People. Findings from the Benjamin Rose Institute Study. Cleveland, OH: Benjamin Rose Institute. Bonnie, R. 1997 Research with cognitively impaired subjects. Archives of General Psychiatry 54:105-111. Bowen, K. 2000 Child abuse and domestic violence in families of children seen for suspected sexual abuse. Clinical Pediatrics 39(1):33-40. Branch, L.G. 2001 The Epidemiology of Elder Abuse and Neglect. Unpublished paper presented to the Panel on Elder Abuse and Neglect, Committee on National Statistics, October 1, 2001. Durham, NC: Duke University School of Medicine. Breckman, R.S., and R.D Adelman 1988 Strategies for Helping Victims of Elder Mistreatment. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications. Bristowe, E., and J.B. Collins 1989 Family-mediated abuse of non-institutionalized elder men and women living in British Columbia. Journal of Elder Abuse and Neglect 1(1):45-54. Brookmeyer, R., S. Gray, and C. Kawas 1998 Projections of Alzheimer’s disease in the United States and the public health impact of delaying disease onset. American Journal of Public Health 88(9):1337- 1342. Burgess, A.W., R.A. Prentky, and E.B. Dowdell 2000 Sexual predators in nursing homes. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing 38:27-35. Carter L.S., L.A. Weithorn, and R.E. Behrman 1999 Domestic violence and children: Analysis and recommendations. The Future of Children 9(3):4-20. Clark-Daniels, C.L., R.S. Daniels, and L.A. Baumhover 1990 Abuse and neglect of the elderly: Are emergency department personnel aware of mandatory reporting laws? Annals of Emergency Medicine 19(9):970-977. Cold, J., A. Petruckevitch, G. Feder, W-S. Chung, J. Richardson, and S. Moorey 2001 Relation between childhood sexual and physical abuse and risk of revictimisation in women: A cross-sectional study. Lancet 358:450-455. Comijs, H.C., A.M. Pot, H.H Smit, and C. Jonker 1998 Elder abuse in the community: Prevalence and consequences. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 46:885-888. Compton, S.A., P. Flanagan, and W. Gregg 1997 Elder abuse in people with dementia in Northern Ireland: Prevalence and predic- tors in cases referred to a psychiatry of old age service. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 12(6):632-635. Cooney, C., and A. Mortimer 1995 Elder abuse and dementia: A pilot study. International Journal of Social Psy- chiatry 41(4):276-283.

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156 ELDER MISTREATMENT Fiegener, J.J., M. Fiegener, and J. Meszaros 1989 Policy implications of a statewide survey on elder abuse. Journal of Elder Abuse and Neglect 1(2):39-58. Fisher B.S., F.T. Cullen, and M.G. Turner 2000 The Sexual Victimization of College Women. National Institute of Justice, NCJ 182369. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice. Freedman V.A., and L.G. Martin 1999 The role of education in explaining and forecasting trends in functional limita- tions among older Americans. Demography 36(4): 461-473. Fulmer, T., and B. Gurland 1996 Restriction as elder mistreatment: Differences between caregiver and elder per- ceptions. Journal of Mental Health and Aging 2:89-98. Fulmer, T., and T. Wetle 1986 Elder abuse screening and intervention. Nurse Practitioner 11(5):33-38. Fulmer, T., and T.A. O’Malley 1987 Inadequate Care of the Elderly: A Health Care Perspective on Abuse and Ne- glect. New York: Springer. Gordis, L. 1996 Epidemiology. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. Grafstrom, M., A. Nordberg, and B. Winblad 1993 Abuse is in the eye of the beholder. Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine 21(4):247-255. Gray, J., P.M. Lyons, and G.B. Melton 1995 Ethical and Legal Issues in AIDS Research. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. Greenberg, J.R., M. McKibben, and J.A. Raymond 1990 Dependent adult children and elder abuse. Journal of Elder Abuse and Neglect 2:73-86. Grisso, T., and P. Appelbaum 1998 Assessing Competence to Consent to Treatment: A Guide for Physicians and Other Health Professionals. New York: Oxford University Press. Hajjar, I., and E. Duthie, Jr. 2001 Prevalence of elder abuse in the United States: A comparative report between the national and Wisconsin data. Wisconsin Medical Journal 100(6):22-26. Harrell, R., C.H. Torongo, J. McLaughlin, V.N. Pavlik, D.J. Hyman, and C.B. Dyer 2002 How geriatricians identify elder abuse and neglect. American Journal of Medical Science 323(1):34-38. Harrington, C., M. LaPlante, R.J. Newcomer, B. Bedney, S. Shostak, P. Summers, J. Weinberg, and I. Basnett 2000 A review of Federal Statutes and Regulations for Personal Care and Home and Community-Based Services: A Final report. Unpublished paper. San Francisco: University of California, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences. Hawes, C., M. Rose, and C.D. Phillips 1999 A National Study of Assisted Living for the Frail Elderly: Results of a National Survey of Facilities. Beachwood, OH: Myers Research Institute. Hawes, C., D. Blevins, and L. Shanley 2001 Preventing Abuse and Neglect in Nursing Homes: The Role of the Nurse Aide Registries. Report to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (formerly HCFA) from the School of Rural Public Health. College Station, TX: Texas A&M University System Health Science Center.

REFERENCES 157 Henderson, S. 1998 Epidemiology of dementia. Annals de Medicine Interne (Paris) 149(4):181-186. Hetzel, L., and A. Smith 2001 The 65 Years and Over Population: 2000. Report No. C2KBR/01-10. Eco- nomic and Statistic Administration, Bureau of the Census. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Commerce. Hickey, T., and R.L. Douglass 1981 Mistreatment of the elderly in the domestic setting: An exploratory study. Ameri- can Journal of Public Health 71(5):500-507. Himes, C.L., A.K. Jordan, and J.I. Farkas 1996 Factors influencing parental caregiving by adult women: Variations in care inten- sity and duration. Research on Aging 18:349-370. Hoffman, D., and J. Schwartz 1998 Proxy consent to participation of the decisionally impaired in medical research— Maryland’s policy initiative. Journal of Health Care Law and Policy 1:123-153. Homer, A.C., and C. Gilleard 1990 Abuse of elderly people by their caregivers. British Medical Journal 301(6765): 1359-1362. House, J.S., D. Umberson, and K.R. Landis 1988 Structures and processes of social support. Annual Review of Sociology 14:293- 318. Hwalek, M.A., M.C. Sengstock, and R. Lawrence 1984 Assessing the Probability of Abuse of the Elderly. Paper presented at the 37th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Gerontological Society of America, San Antonio, TX. Hwalek, M.A., and M.C. Sengstock 1986 Hwalek-Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test-Revised. Journal of Applied Ger- ontology 5(2):153-173. Institute of Medicine 1996 Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes: Is It Adequate? Committee on the Adequacy of Nursing Staff in Hospitals and Nursing Homes. G.S. Wunderlich, F.A. Sloan, and C.K. Davis, eds. Washington, DC: National Acad- emy Press. 1997 The Hidden Epidemic: Confronting Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Thomas R. Eng and William T. Butler, eds. Committee on Prevention and Control of Sexu- ally Transmitted Diseases, Institute of Medicine. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. 1999 Reducing the Burden of Injury: Advancing Prevention and Treatment. Commit- tee on Injury Prevention and Control. Richard J. Bonnie, Carolyn E. Fulco, and Catharyn T. Liverman, eds. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. 2001 Improving the Quality of Long-Term Care. Committee on Improving Long- Term Care, Division of Health Care Services. Gooloo S. Wunderlich and Peter O. Kohler, eds. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. Jones J.S., J.P. Veenstra, J.P. Seamon, and J. Krohmer 1997 Elder mistreatment: National survey of emergency physicians. Annals of Emer- gency Medicine 30(4):473-479. Kelman C., and L. Smith 2000 It’s time: Record linkage—the vision and the reality. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 24(1):100-101.

158 ELDER MISTREATMENT Kempe, C., F. Silverman, B. Steele, W. Droegemueller, and H. Silver 1962 The battered-child syndrome. Journal of the American Medical Association 181:17-24. Kim, S., E.D. Caine, G.W. Currier, A. Leibovici, and J.M. Ryan 2001 Assessing the competence of persons with Alzheimer’s disease in providing in- formed consent for participation in research. American Journal of Psychiatry 158:712-717. Kivela, S.L., P. Kongas-Saviaro, E. Kesti, K. Pahkala, and M.L. Ijas 1992 Abuse in old age: Epidemiological data from Finland. Journal of Elder Abuse and Neglect 4(3):1-18. Lachs, M.S., L. Berkman, T. Fulmer, and R. Horwitz 1994 A prospective community-based pilot study of risk factors for the investigation of elder mistreatment. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 42(2):169-173. Lachs, M.S., and K. Pillemer 1995 Abuse and neglect of elderly persons. New England Journal of Medicine 333(7):437. Lachs, M.S., C. Williams, S. O’Brien, L. Hurst, and R. Horwitz 1996 Older adults. An 11-year longitudinal study of adult protective service use. Ar- chives of Internal Medicine 156(4):449-453. 1997a Risk factors for reported elder abuse and neglect: A nine-year observational cohort study. The Gerontologist 37(4):469-474. Lachs, M.S., C.S. Williams, S. O’Brien, L. Hurst, A. Kossack, A. Siegal, and M.E. Tinetti 1997b ED use by older victims of family violence. Annals of Emergency Medicine 30(4):448-454. Langlois, N.E.I., and G.A. Gresham 1991 The ageing of bruises: A review and study of the colour changes with time. Forensic Science International 50:227-238. Laumann, E.O., J. Gagnon, R.T. Michael, and S. Michaels 1994 The Social Organization of Sexuality: Sexual Practices in the United States. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Laumann, E.O., and Y. Youm 2001 Racial/ethnic group differences in the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases in the United States: A network approach. In Sex, Love, and Health in America: Private Choices and Public Policies, Edward O. Laumann and Robert T. Michael, eds. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Levine, R. 1986 Ethics and regulations of clinical research. Baltimore, MD: Urban and Schwarzenberg. Lin, N., X. Ye, and W.M. Ensel 1999 Social support and depressed mood: A structural analysis. Journal of Health and Social Behavior 40:344-359. Mahay, J., E.O. Laumann, and S. Michaels 2001 Race, gender, and class in sexual scripts. In Sex, Love, and Health: Private Choices and Public Policies, Edward O. Laumann and Robert T. Michael, eds. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Malone, M.L., N. Rozario, M. Gavinski, and J. Goodwin 1991 The epidemiology of skin tears in the institutionalized elderly. Journal of the American Geriatric Society 39:591-595. Marson, D., K. Ingram, H. Cody, and L. Harrell 1995 Assessing the competency of patients with Alzheimer’s disease under different legal standards: A prototype instrument. Archives of Neurology 52:949-954.

REFERENCES 159 Manton K.G., L. Corder, and E. Stallard 1997 Chronic disability trends in elderly United States populations: 1982-1994. Pro- ceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 94(6):2593-2598. Melton, G.B. 2002 Chronic neglect of family violence: More than a decade of reports to guide U.S. policy. Paper presented to the Center for Child and Family Policy, Duke Univer- sity, May 15, 2002. Melton, G., and F. Barry, eds. 1994 Protecting Children from Abuse and Neglect. New York: Guilford Press. Melton, G.B., J. Petrila, N.G. Poythress, and C. Slobogin 1997 Psychological Evaluations for the Courts: A Handbook for Mental Health Pro- fessionals and Lawyers 2nd ed. New York: Guilford. Melton, G., R. Levine, G. Koocher, R. Rosenthal, and W. Thompson 1988 Community consultation in socially sensitive research: Lessons from clinical trials of treatments for AIDS. American Psychology 43:573-581. Melton, G., and A.B. Andrews 2000 Building systems for safety in the family: The U.S experience. New Global Development. Journal of International and Comparative Social Welfare 16:24- 25. Melton, G., R. Thompson, and M. Small 2001 Toward a Child-Centered Neighborhood-Based Child Protection System. Westport, CT: Praeger Press. Moody, L., A. Voss, and C.A. Lengacher 2000 Assessing abuse among the elderly living in public housing. Journal of Nursing Measurement 8(1):61-70. Myers, J.E.B. 1993 The competence of young children to testify in legal proceedings. Behavioral Science and the Law 11:121. National Association of Adult Protective Services Administrators 2002 Adult Protective Services Ethical Principles and Best Practice Guidelines. Avail- able at: http://www.elderabusecenter.org/publication/ethics.pdf. [July 8, 2002]. National Bioethics Advisory Commission 1998 Research Involving Persons with Mental Disorders That May Impair Decisionmaking Capacity vol. 1. Bethesda, MD: National Bioethics Advisory Commission. 2001 Ethical and Policy Issues in Research Involving Human Participants: Report and Recommendations. Bethesda, MD: National Bioethics Advisory Commission. National Center on Elder Abuse 1998 The National Elder Abuse Incidence Study, Final Report. Prepared for the Ad- ministration on Aging in collaboration with Westat, Inc. National Institute of Justice 2000 Elder Justice: Medical Forensic Issues Concerning Abuse and Neglect. Summary of a Roundtable, October 18, 2000, Washington, DC. National Research Council 1988 The Aging Population in the Twenty-First Century. Statistics for Health Policy. Committee on National Statistics. Dorothy M. Gilford, ed. Commission on Be- havioral and Social Sciences and Education. Washington, DC: National Acad- emy Press. 1993 Understanding and Preventing Violence. Panel on the Understanding and Con- trol of Violent Behavior. Albert J. Reiss, Jr., and Jeffrey A. Roth, eds. Commis- sion on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education. Washington, DC: Na- tional Academy Press.

160 ELDER MISTREATMENT 1996 Understanding Violence Against Women. Panel on Research on Violence Against Women. Nancy A. Crowell and Ann W. Burgess, eds. Commission on Behav- ioral and Social Sciences and Education. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. 2000a Improving Access to and Confidentiality of Research Data: Report of a Work- shop. Committee on National Statistics, Christopher Mackie and Norman Bradburn, eds. Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education. Wash- ington, DC: National Academy Press. 2000b Cells and Surveys: Should Biological Measures Be Included in Social Science Research? Committee on Population. Caleb E. Finch, James W. Vaupel, and Kevin Kinsella, eds. Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. 2001 Confronting Chronic Neglect: The Education and Training of Health Profession- als on Family Violence. Committee on the Training Needs of Health Profession- als to Respond to Family Violence. Felicia Cohn, Marla E. Salmon, and John D. Stobo, eds. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. National Research Council and the Institute of Medicine 1998 Understanding Child Abuse and Neglect. Panel on Research on Child Abuse and Neglect, Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education. Wash- ington, DC: National Academy Press. Nelson, B. 1984 Making an Issue of Child Abuse. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Newberger, E. 1998 Child abuse. In Public Health and Preventive Medicine, R.B. Wallace, editor. Stamford, CT: Appleton and Lange. Nielsen C., and R.S. Lang 1999 Principles of screening. Medical Clinics of North America 83(6):1323-1337. Noelker L.S., and D.M. Bass 1995 Service use by caregivers of elderly receiving case management. Journal of Case Management 4:156-161. Ogg, J. 1993 Researching elder abuse in Britain. Journal of Elder Abuse and Neglect 5(2): 37-54. Ogg, J., and G.C.J. Bennett 1992 Elder abuse in Britain. British Medical Journal 305:998-999. Paveza G.J., D. Cohen, C. Eisdorfer, S. Freels, T. Semla, W. Ashford, P. Gorelick, R. Hirschman, D. Luchins, and P. Levy 1992 Severe family violence and Alzheimer’s disease: Prevalence and risk factors. The Gerontologist 32:493-497. Pavlik, V.N., D.J. Hyman, N.A. Festa, and C.B. Dyer 2001 Quantifying the problem of abuse and neglect in adults: Analysis of a statewide database. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 49(1):45-48. Peddle, N., and C.T. Wang 2001 Current Trends in Child Abuse Prevention Reporting and Fatalities: The 1999 Fifty State Survey. Chicago: Prevent Child Abuse America. Pelton, L. 1994 The role of material factors in child abuse and neglect. In Protecting Children from Abuse and Neglect, Gary Melton and Frank Barry, eds. New York: Guilford Press.

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162 ELDER MISTREATMENT Reis, M., D. Nahmiash, and R. Schrier 1993 The Brief Abuse Screen for the Elderly. Paper presented at the 22nd Annual Scientific and Educational Meeting of the Canadian Association on Gerontology, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Reis, M., and D. Nahmiash 1995 Validation of the caregiver abuse screen (CASE). Canadian Journal of Aging 14:45-60. 1998 Validation of the indicators of abuse (IOA) screen. The Gerontologist 38(4):471- 480. Rice, D.P., H.M. Fillit, W. Max, D.S. Kropman, J.R. Lloyd, and S. Duttagupta 2001 Prevalence, costs, and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia: A managed care perspective. American Journal of Managed Care 7(8):809-818. Rich, J.S., and H.C. Sox 2000 Screening in the elderly: Principles and practice. Hospital Practice (Office Edi- tion) 35(10):45-48, 53-56. Sandefur, R., and E.O. Laumann 1998 A paradigm for social capital. Rationality and Society (November) 10:481-501. Saywitz, K.J., G.S. Goodman, and T.D. Lyon 2002 Interviewing children in and out of court: Current research and practice implica- tions. In The APSAC Handbook on Child Maltreatment 2nd ed., J.E.B. Myers, L. Berliner, J. Briere, C.T. Hendrix, C. Jenny, and T.A. Reid, eds. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Schechter, S., and J.L. Edleson 1999 Effective Intervention in Domestic Violence and Child Maltreatment: Guidelines for Policy and Practice. Reno, NV: National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges. Schiamberg, L.B., and D. Gans 1999 Elder abuse by adult children: An applied ecological framework for understand- ing contextual risk factors and the intergenerational character of the quality of life. International Journal of Aging and Human Development 50:329-359. Schoeni R.F., V.A. Freedman, and R.B. Wallace 2001 Persistent, consistent, widespread, and robust? Another look at recent trends in old-age disability. Journals of Gerontology Series B-Psychological Sciences & Social Sciences 56(4):S206-218. Schulz R., and S.R. Beach 1999 Caregiving as a risk factor for mortality: The Caregiver Health Effects Study. Journal of the American Medical Association 282(23):2215-2219. Simon, W., and J.H. Gagnon 1987 A sexual scripts approach. In Theories of Human Sexuality, W.T. O’Donohue and J.H. Greer, eds. New York: Plenum. Spitzer, R.L. 1983 Psychiatric diagnosis: Are clinicians still necessary? Comprehensive Psychiatry 24:399-411. Stark, E., and A.H. Flitcraft 1998 Woman battering. In Public Health and Preventive Medicine, R.B. Wallace, ed. Stamford, CT: Appleton and Lange. Steinmetz, S.K. 1988 Duty Bound: Elder Abuse and Family Care. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publica- tions.

REFERENCES 163 Stone, R.I. 2000 Long-Term Care for the Elderly With Disabilities: Current Policy, Emerging Trends, and Implications for the Twenty-First Century. New York: Milbank Memorial Fund. Straus, M.A. 1978 The Conflict Tactic Scale. Reprinted in Handbook of Family Measurement Tech- niques, J. Touliatos, B. Perlmutter, and M. Straus, eds. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications. Straus, M.A., and R.J Gelles 1990 Physical Violence in American Families. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Pub- lishers. 1992 National Family Violence Survey: Wife battering and violence outside the family. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 7:462-470. Strauss, R.P., S. Sengputa, S.C. Quinn, J. Goeppinger, C. Spaulding, S.M. Kegeles, and G. Millett 2001 The role of community advisory boards: Involving communities in the informed consent process. American Journal of Public Health (12)91:1938-1943. Thomas, C. 2000 First national study of elder abuse and neglect: Contrast with results from other studies. Journal of Elder Abuse and Neglect 12(1):1-14. Timmreck, T.C. 1998 An Introduction to Epidemiology. Boston: Jones & Bartlett Publishers. Tornstam, L. 1989 Abuse of the elderly in Denmark and Sweden: Results from a population study. Journal of Elder Abuse and Neglect 1(1):35-44. U.S. Advisory Board on Child Abuse and Neglect 1990 Child Abuse and Neglect: Critical First Steps in Response to a National Emer- gency. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 1993 The Continuing Child Protection Emergency: A Challenge to the Nation. Wash- ington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare 1966 State letter No. 925. Subject: Four Model Demonstration Projects…Services to Older Adults in the Public Welfare Program. Cited in District of Columbia, 1967, Protective Services for Adults: Report on Protective Services Prepared for the D.C. Interdepartmental Committee on Aging, Washington, DC. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services 2001a Federal policy for the protection of human subjects (Common Rule). Code of Federal Regulations 45:§46. 2001b Protection of identity—Research subjects. Code of Federal Regulations 42:§2a. U.S. Food and Drug Administration 1999 Protection of human subjects. Code of Federal Regulations 21:Parts 50 and 56. U.S. General Accounting Office 2002 Nursing Homes: More Can Be Done to Protect Residents from Abuse, GAO-02- 312. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office. Weisberg, D. 1984 The discovery of sexual abuse. University of California (Davis) Law Review 18:1-57. Williamson, G.M., and D.R. Shaffer 2001 Caregiver loss and quality of care provided: Pre-illness relationship makes a dif- ference. In Loss and Trauma: General and Close Relationship Perspectives, J.H. Harvey and E.D. Miller, eds. Philadelphia: Brunner/Mazel.

164 ELDER MISTREATMENT Wisconsin Department of Health and Family Services 2001 Adult Protective Services Modernization Project Report. Available at: http:// www.dhfs.state.wi.us/aps/. Wolf, R. 1997a Elder abuse and neglect: Causes and consequences. Journal of Geriatric Psychia- try 30(1):153-174. 1997b Factors Affecting the Rate of Elder Abuse Reporting to a State Protective Services Program. Washington, DC: National Committee for the Prevention of Elder Abuse. 1999 A Research Agenda on Abuse of Older Persons and Adults with Disabilities. Available at: http://www.preventelderabuse.org/professionals/r_agenda.html. Wolf, R.S., M. Godkin, and K.A. Pillemer 1984 Elder Abuse and Neglect: Findings from Three Model Projects. Worcester, MA: University of Massachusetts Medical Center, University Center on Aging. Wolf, R.S., and K. Pillemer 1989 Helping Elderly Victims: The Reality of Elder Abuse. New York: Columbia University Press. Wolf, R.S., and D. Li 1999 Factors affecting the rate of elder abuse reporting to a state protective services program. The Gerontologist 39(2):222-228. Wolf, R.S., C.P. Strugnell, and M.A. Godkin 1982 Preliminary Findings from Three Model Projects on Elderly Abuse, Center on Aging. Worcester, MA: University of Massachusetts Medical Center.

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Since the late 1970s when Congressman Claude Pepper held widely publicized hearings on the mistreatment of the elderly, policy makers and practitioners have sought ways to protect older Americans from physical, psychological, and financial abuse. Yet, during the last 20 years fewer than 50 articles have addressed the shameful problem that abusers—and sometimes the abused themselves—want to conceal.

Elder Mistreatment in an Aging America takes a giant step toward broadening our understanding of the mistreatment of the elderly and recommends specific research and funding strategies that can be used to deepen it. The book includes a discussion of the conceptual, methodological, and logistical issues needed to create a solid research base as well as the ethical concerns that must be considered when working with older subjects. It also looks at problems in determination of a report's reliability and the role of physicians, EMTs, and others who are among the first to recognize situations of mistreatment.

Elder Mistreatment in an Aging America will be of interest to anyone concerned about the elderly and ways to intervene when abuse is suspected, including family members, caregivers, and advocates for the elderly. It will also be of interest to researchers, research sponsors, and policy makers who need to know how to advance our knowledge of this problem.

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