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OCR for page 1078
H
Body Composition Data
Based on the Third National
Health and Nutrition
Examination Survey
(NHANES III), 1988–1994
TABLE H-1 Body Measurement Summary Statistics, Men and
Women 19 Years of Age and Older, NHANES III (1988–1994)
Standard
Sex a nb Meanc Error c
Measure
Percent body fate M 7,324 21.9 0.1
F 7,724 32.4 0.2
Body mass index (kg/m2) M 7,918 26.5 0.1
F 8,522 26.4 0.1
Weight (kg) M 7,918 82.0 0.3
F 8,524 69.2 0.3
Height (cm) M 7,921 175.6 0.1
F 8,540 161.8 0.1
Waist circumference (cm) M 7,559 95.1 0.2
F 8,105 88.6 0.3
Triceps skinfold (mm)f M 7,532 13.1 0.1
F 7,870 23.5 0.2
a M = male, F = female. Pregnant and/or lactating women and women who had “blank
but applicable” pregnancy and lactating status or who responded “I don’t know” to
questions on pregnancy and lactating status were excluded from all analyses.
b n = Number of individuals with valid measurements; total sample size was 7,936 men
and 8,553 women (nonpregnant/nonlactating).
c Means and standard errors were calculated with National Center for Health Statistics
(NCHS) sampling weights and WesVar Complex Samples Version 3.0.
d Standard deviation = standard error multiplied by the square root of the sample size (n).
e Percent body fat = 100 × (W – FFM)/W; FFM for each survey respondent was derived
using the following equations:
1078
OCR for page 1079
1079
A PPENDIX H
Standard
Deviationd Minimum Maximum
11.6 0.4 49.4
17.8 0.6 58.6
7.8 13.8 70.2
11.7 11.7 79.6
29.4 38.4 241.8
31.1 31.2 213.5
9.9 139.4 206.5
9.9 126.9 183.1
18.6 58.9 174.1
30.2 57.5 170.4
9.7 2.6 46.8
15.2 1.9 48.5
FFM = –10.68 + 0.65 H2/R + 0.26 W + 0.02 R
Men:
Women: FFM = –9.53 + 0.69 H2/R + 0.17 W + 0.02 R
where FFM = fat free mass (kg), H = height (cm), R = resistance (ohms), W = weight
(kg). The estimate of FFM exceeded W for eight individuals; these individuals were
excluded from analyses involving percent body fat.
f Skinfold thickness exceeding 48.5 mm was too large for the caliper; measurements
were not recorded for these individuals and they were excluded from analyses involving
triceps skinfold.
DATA SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, NCHS.
OCR for page 1080
1080 DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES
TABLE H-2 Body Measurement Summary Statistics, Men and
Women 19 Years of Age and Older with Body Mass Index
(BMI) ≥ 18.5 and < 25 kg/m2, NHANES III (1988–1994)
Standard
Sex a nb Mean c Error c
Measure
Percent body fate M 2,828 17.6 0.1
F 2,899 26.7 0.2
BMI (kg/m 2) M 3,055 22.7 0.1
F 3,170 22.0 < 0.05
Weight (kg) M 3,055 69.7 0.3
F 3,170 57.9 0.1
Height (cm) M 3,055 175.3 0.2
F 3,170 162.3 0.1
Waist circumference (cm) M 2,907 84.7 0.2
F 3,024 78.0 0.2
Triceps skinfold (mm) M 2,937 9.7 0.1
F 3,039 18.2 0.1
a M = male, F = female. Pregnant and/or lactating women and women who had “blank
but applicable” pregnancy and lactating status or who responded “I don’t know” to
questions on pregnancy and lactating status were excluded from all analyses.
b n = Number of individuals with valid measurements; total sample size was 3,055 men
and 3,170 women (nonpregnant/nonlactating).
c Means and standard errors were calculated with National Center for Health Statistics
(NCHS) sampling weights and WesVar Complex Samples Version 3.0.
d Standard deviation = standard error multiplied by the square root of the sample size
(n).
OCR for page 1081
1081
A PPENDIX H
Standard
Deviation d Minimum Maximum
7.8 0.4 31.7
8.9 6.8 37.8
3.2 18.5 24.9
2.2 18.5 24.9
13.9 40.7 103.5
6.9 32.5 79.1
10.9 142.7 206.5
7.7 126.9 183.1
8.9 62.8 106.0
13.4 59.4 114.3
5.6 2.8 28.9
7.2 1.9 40.0
e Percent body fat = 100 × (W – FFM)/W; FFM for each survey respondent was derived
using the following equations:
FFM = –10.68 + 0.65 H2/R + 0.26 W + 0.02 R
Men:
Women: FFM = –9.53 + 0.69 H2/R + 0.17 W + 0.02 R
where FFM = fat free mass (kg), H = height (cm), R = resistance (ohms), W = weight
(kg). The estimate of FFM exceeded W for four individuals; these individuals were
excluded from analyses involving percent body fat.
DATA SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, NCHS.
OCR for page 1082
1082 DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES
TABLE H-3 Regression Analysis of Body Measurements:
Percent Body Fata Versus Body Mass Index (BMI), Men and
Women 19 Years of Age and Older, NHANES III (1988–1994)
Results c
Parameter Standard Error
Sex (n )b Parameter Estimate of Estimate
M (7,324) Intercept –4.3422 0.6765
BMI (kg/m2 ) 0.9921 0.0261
R square value 0.5549
F (7,724) Intercept 1.4303 0.6787
BMI (kg/m2 ) 1.1735 0.0256
R square value 0.7745
a Percent body fat = 100 × (W – FFM)/W; FFM for each survey respondent was derived
using the following equations:
FFM = –10.68 + 0.65 H2/R + 0.26 W + 0.02 R
Men:
Women: FFM = –9.53 + 0.69 H2/R + 0.17 W + 0.02 R
where FFM = fat free mass (kg), H = height (cm), R = resistance (ohms), W = weight
(kg). The estimate of FFM exceeded W for eight individuals; these individuals were
excluded from analyses involving percent body fat.
OCR for page 1083
1083
A PPENDIX H
Test for H0:
Parameter = 0 Probability > |T|
–6.4190 0.0000
38.0077 0.0000
2.1073 0.0399
45.8088 0.0000
b M = male, F = female, n = number of individuals with valid measurements. Pregnant
and/or lactating women and women who had “blank but applicable” pregnancy and
lactating status or who responded “I don’t know” to questions on pregnancy and lactat-
ing status were excluded from all analyses.
c Regression calculated with National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) sampling
weights and WesVar Complex Samples Version 3.0.
DATA SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, NCHS.
OCR for page 1084
1084 DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES
TABLE H-4 Regression Analysis of Body Measurements:
Percent Body Fata Versus Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist
Circumference, Men and Women 19 Years of Age and Older,
NHANES III (1988–1994)
Resultsc
Parameter Standard Error
Sex (n )b Parameter Estimate of Estimate
M (7,142) Intercept –11.8819 0.5909
BMI (kg/m2) 0.3632 0.0442
Waist circumference (cm) 0.2547 0.0134
R square value 0.6082
F (7,498) Intercept –3.5296 0.6029
BMI (kg/m2) 0.8294 0.0334
Waist circumference (cm) 0.1588 0.0085
R square value 0.7910
Numerator
Degrees of
F Value Freedom
M Overall fit 1,669.3326 2
F Overall fit 1,812.6733 2
a Percent body fat = 100 × (W – FFM)/W; FFM for each survey respondent was derived
using the following equations:
FFM = –10.68 + 0.65 H2/R + 0.26 W + 0.02 R
Men:
Women: FFM = –9.53 + 0.69 H2/R + 0.17 W + 0.02 R
where FFM = fat free mass (kg), H = height (cm), R = resistance (ohms), W = weight
(kg). The estimate of FFM exceeded W for eight individuals; these individuals were
excluded from analyses involving percent body fat.
OCR for page 1085
1085
A PPENDIX H
Test for H0:
Parameter = 0 Probability > |T|
–20.1097 0.0000
8.2191 0.0000
18.9496 0.0000
–5.8545 0.0000
24.8456 0.0000
18.6091 0.0000
Denominator
Degrees of
Freedom Probability > F
51 0.0000
51 0.0000
b M = male, F = female, n = number of individuals with valid measurements. Pregnant
and/or lactating women and women who had “blank but applicable” pregnancy and
lactating status or who responded “I don’t know” to questions on pregnancy and lactat-
ing status were excluded from all analyses.
c Regression calculated with National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) sampling
weights and WesVar Complex Samples Version 3.0.
DATA SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, NCHS.
OCR for page 1086
1086 DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES
TABLE H-5 Regression Analysis of Body Measurements:
Percent Body Fat Versus Body Mass Index (BMI) and
Triceps Skinfold,a Men and Women 19 Years of Age and Older,
NHANES III (1988–1994)
Results c
Parameter Standard Error
Sex ( n)b Parameter Estimate of Estimate
M (7,091) Intercept –2.5154 0.5854
BMI (kg/m 2) 0.7997 0.0261
Triceps skinfold (mm) 0.2499 0.0162
R square value 0.5796
F (7,266) Intercept 1.1686 0.4238
BMI (kg/m 2) 0.9386 0.0214
Triceps skinfold (mm) 0.2765 0.0102
R square value 0.8167
Numerator
Degrees of
F Value Freedom
M Overall fit 1,384.0891 2
F Overall fit 4,851.3613 2
a Percent body fat = 100 × (W – FFM)/W; FFM for each survey respondent was derived
using the following equations:
FFM = –10.68 + 0.65 H2/R + 0.26 W + 0.02 R
Men:
Women: FFM = –9.53 + 0.69 H2/R + 0.17 W + 0.02 R
where FFM = fat free mass (kg), H = height (cm), R = resistance (ohms), W = weight
(kg). The estimate of FFM exceeded W for eight individuals; these individuals were
excluded from analyses involving percent body fat. Skinfold thickness exceeding 48.5
OCR for page 1087
1087
A PPENDIX H
Test for H 0:
Parameter = 0 Probability > |T|
–4.2966 0.0001
30.5997 0.0000
15.4193 0.0000
2.7573 0.0080
43.9202 0.0000
26.9924 0.0000
Denominator
Degrees of
Freedom Probability > F
51 0.0000
51 0.0000
mm was too large for the caliper; measurements were not recorded for these individu-
als. These individuals were excluded from analyses involving triceps skinfold.
b M = male, F = female, n = number of individuals with valid measurements. Pregnant
and/or lactating women and women who had “blank but applicable” pregnancy and
lactating status or who responded “I don’t know” to questions on pregnancy and lactat-
ing status were excluded from all analyses.
c Regression calculated with National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) sampling
weights and WesVar Complex Samples Version 3.0.
DATA SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, NCHS.
OCR for page 1088
1088 DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES
TABLE H-6 Regression Analysis of Body Measurements:
Percent Body Fata Versus Height, Men and Women 19 Years of
Age and Older, NHANES III (1988–1994)
Results c
Parameter Standard Error
Sex (n )b Parameter Estimate of Estimate
M (7,324) Intercept 21.6690 2.6860
Height (cm) 0.0016 0.0155
R square value 0
F (7,724) Intercept 42.4383 2.5259
Height (cm) –0.0620 0.0156
R square value 0.0026
a Percent body fat = 100 × (W – FFM)/W; FFM for each survey respondent was derived
using the following equations:
FFM = –10.68 + 0.65 H2/R + 0.26 W + 0.02 R
Men:
Women: FFM = –9.53 + 0.69 H2/R + 0.17 W + 0.02 R
where FFM = fat free mass (kg), H = height (cm), R = resistance (ohms), W = weight
(kg). The estimate of FFM exceeded W for eight individuals; these individuals were
excluded from analyses involving percent body fat.
OCR for page 1093
1093
A PPENDIX H
Test for H0:
Parameter = 0 Probability > |T|
58.5945 0.0000
53.0528 0.0000
59.6845 0.0000
102.6052 0.0000
mm was too large for the caliper; measurements were not recorded for these individu-
als. These individuals were excluded from analyses involving triceps skinfold.
b M = male, F = female, n = number of individuals with valid measurements. Pregnant
and/or lactating women and women who had “blank but applicable” pregnancy and
lactating status or who responded “I don’t know” to questions on pregnancy and lactat-
ing status were excluded from all analyses.
c Regression calculated with National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) sampling
weights and WesVar Complex Samples Version 3.0.
DATA SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, NCHS.
OCR for page 1094
1094 DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES
TABLE H-9 Regression Analysis of Body Measurements:
Percent Body Fata Versus Waist Circumference, Men and
Women 19 Years of Age and Older, NHANES III (1988–1994)
Results c
Parameter Standard Error
Sex ( n)b Parameter Estimate of Estimate
M (7,142) Intercept –13.3247 0.6059
Waist circumference (cm) 0.3712 0.0062
R square value 0.5949
F (7,498) Intercept –8.6807 0.5524
Waist circumference (cm) 0.4645 0.0060
R square value 0.7133
a Percent body fat = 100 × (W – FFM)/W; FFM for each survey respondent was derived
using the following equations:
FFM = –10.68 + 0.65 H2/R + 0.26 W + 0.02 R
Men:
Women: FFM = –9.53 + 0.69 H2/R + 0.17 W + 0.02 R
where FFM = fat free mass (kg), H = height (cm), R = resistance (ohms), W = weight
(kg). The estimate of FFM exceeded W for eight individuals; these individuals were
excluded from analyses involving percent body fat.
OCR for page 1095
1095
A PPENDIX H
Test for H 0:
Parameter = 0 Probability > |T|
–21.9934 0.0000
59.6373 0.0000
–15.7148 0.0000
77.4189 0.0000
b M = male, F = female, n = number of individuals with valid measurements. Pregnant
and/or lactating women and women who had “blank but applicable” pregnancy and
lactating status or who responded “I don’t know” to questions on pregnancy and lactat-
ing status were excluded from all analyses.
c Regression calculated with National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) sampling
weights and WesVar Complex Samples Version 3.0.
DATA SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, NCHS.
OCR for page 1096
1096 DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES
TABLE H-10 Regression Analysis of Body Measurements:
Percent Body Fata Versus Waist Circumference Squared, Men and
Women 19 Years of Age and Older, NHANES III (1988–1994)
Resultsc
Parameter Standard Error
Sex (n )b Parameter Estimate of Estimate
M (7,142) Intercept 5.1113 0.3783
Waist circumference 0.0018 0.0000
squared (cm2)
R square value 0.5739
F (7,498) Intercept 13.1167 0.3910
Waist circumference 0.0024 0.0000
squared (cm2)
R square value 0.6753
a Percent body fat = 100 × (W – FFM)/W; FFM for each survey respondent was derived
using the following equations:
FFM = –10.68 + 0.65 H2/R + 0.26 W + 0.02 R
Men:
Women: FFM = –9.53 + 0.69 H2/R + 0.17 W + 0.02 R
where FFM = fat free mass (kg), H = height (cm), R = resistance (ohms), W = weight
(kg). The estimate of FFM exceeded W for eight individuals; these individuals were
excluded from analyses involving percent body fat.
OCR for page 1097
1097
A PPENDIX H
Test for H0:
Parameter = 0 Probability > |T|
13.5125 0.0000
46.6337 0.0000
33.5446 0.0000
52.9711 0.0000
b M = male, F = female, n = number of individuals with valid measurements. Pregnant
and/or lactating women and women who had “blank but applicable” pregnancy and
lactating status or who responded “I don’t know” to questions on pregnancy and lactat-
ing status were excluded from all analyses.
c Regression calculated with National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) sampling
weights and WesVar Complex Samples Version 3.0.
DATA SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, NCHS.
OCR for page 1098
1098 DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES
TABLE H-11 Regression Analysis of Body Measurements:
Percent Body Fata Versus Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist
Circumference Squared, Men and Women 19 Years of Age and
Older, NHANES III (1988–1994)
Results c
Parameter Standard Error
Sex ( n)b Parameter Estimate of Estimate
M (7,142) Intercept –0.0181 0.7131
BMI (kg/m 2) 0.4438 0.0427
Waist circumference 0.0011 0.0001
squared (cm2)
R square value 0.5923
F (7,498) Intercept 2.7339 0.6573
BMI (kg/m 2) 0.9833 0.0289
Waist circumference 0.0005 0.0000
squared (cm2)
R square value 0.7790
Numerator
Degrees of
F Value Freedom
M Overall fit 1,091.7233 2
F Overall fit 1,069.7605 2
a Percent body fat = 100 × (W – FFM)/W; FFM for each survey respondent was derived
using the following equations:
FFM = –10.68 + 0.65 H2/R + 0.26 W + 0.02 R
Men:
Women: FFM = –9.53 + 0.69 H2/R + 0.17 W + 0.02 R
where FFM = fat free mass (kg), H = height (cm), R = resistance (ohms), W = weight
(kg). The estimate of FFM exceeded W for eight individuals; these individuals were
excluded from analyses involving percent body fat.
OCR for page 1099
1099
A PPENDIX H
Test for H 0:
Parameter = 0 Probability > |T|
–0.0254 0.9798
10.3803 0.0000
16.5537 0.0000
4.1596 0.0001
34.0405 0.0000
10.3676 0.0000
Denominator
Degrees of
Freedom Probability > F
51 0.0000
51 0.0000
b M = male, F = female, n = number of individuals with valid measurements. Pregnant
and/or lactating women and women who had “blank but applicable” pregnancy and
lactating status or who responded “I don’t know” to questions on pregnancy and lactat-
ing status were excluded from all analyses.
c Regression calculated with National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) sampling
weights and WesVar Complex Samples Version 3.0.
DATA SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, NCHS.
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1100 DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES
TABLE H-12 Regression Analysis of Body Measurements:
Body Mass Index Versus Percent Body Fat,a Men and Women
19 Years of Age and Older, NHANES III (1988–1994)
Results c
Parameter Standard Error
Sex ( n)b Parameter Estimate of Estimate
M (7,324) Intercept 14.2220 0.3354
Percent body fat 0.5594 0.0162
R square value 0.5549
F (7,724) Intercept 5.0073 0.3761
Percent body fat 0.6600 0.0120
R square value 0.7745
a Percent body fat = 100 × (W – FFM)/W; FFM for each survey respondent was derived
using the following equations:
FFM = –10.68 + 0.65 H2/R + 0.26 W + 0.02 R
Men:
Women: FFM = –9.53 + 0.69 H2/R + 0.17 W + 0.02 R
where FFM = fat free mass (kg), H = height (cm), R = resistance (ohms), W = weight
(kg). The estimate of FFM exceeded W for eight individuals; these individuals were
excluded from analyses involving percent body fat.
TABLE H-13 Regression Analysis of Body Measurements:
Body Mass Index Versus Triceps Skinfold,a Men and Women
19 Years of Age and Older, NHANES III (1988–1994)
Results c
Parameter Standard Error
Sex (n )b Parameter Estimate of Estimate
M (7,530) Intercept 19.9043 0.1401
Triceps skinfold (mm) 0.4924 0.0103
R square value 0.4770
F (7,858) Intercept 13.3202 0.1626
Triceps skinfold (mm) 0.5412 0.0082
R square value 0.6269
a Skinfold thickness exceeding 48.5 mm was too large for the caliper; measurements
were not recorded for these individuals. These individuals were excluded from analyses
involving triceps skinfold.
b M = male, F = female, n = number of individuals with valid measurements. Pregnant
and/or lactating women and women who had “blank but applicable” pregnancy and
OCR for page 1101
1101
A PPENDIX H
Test for H 0:
Parameter = 0 Probability > |T|
42.4069 0.0000
34.6035 0.0000
13.3153 0.0000
55.2223 0.0000
b M = male, F = female, n = number of individuals with valid measurements. Pregnant
and/or lactating women and women who had “blank but applicable” pregnancy and
lactating status or who responded “I don’t know” to questions on pregnancy and lactat-
ing status were excluded from all analyses.
c Regression calculated with National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) sampling
weights and WesVar Complex Samples Version 3.0.
DATA SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, NCHS.
Test for H0:
Parameter = 0 Probability > |T|
142.1172 0.0000
47.9364 0.0000
81.9403 0.0000
65.6884 0.0000
lactating status or who responded “I don’t know” to questions on pregnancy and lactat-
ing status were excluded from all analyses.
c Regression calculated with National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) sampling
weights and WesVar Complex Samples Version 3.0.
DATA SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, NCHS.
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1102 DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES
TABLE H-14 Regression Analysis of Body Measurements: Body
Mass Index Versus Waist Circumference, Men and Women
19 Years of Age and Older, NHANES III (1988–1994)
Results b
Parameter Standard Error
Sex (n )a Parameter Estimate of Estimate
M (7,558) Intercept –4.2050 0.3413
Waist circumference (cm) 0.3230 0.0037
R square value 0.8142
F (8,096) Intercept –6.2774 0.3461
Waist circumference (cm) 0.3692 0.0042
R square value 0.8014
a M = male, F = female, n = number of individuals with valid measurements. Pregnant
and/or lactating women and women who had “blank but applicable” pregnancy and
lactating status or who responded “I don’t know” to questions on pregnancy and lactat-
ing status were excluded from all analyses.
OCR for page 1103
1103
A PPENDIX H
Test for H0:
Parameter = 0 Probability > |T|
–12.3199 0.0000
87.2406 0.0000
–18.1401 0.0000
88.0352 0.0000
b Regression calculated with National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) sampling
weights and WesVar Complex Samples Version 3.0.
DATA SOURCE: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, NCHS.
Representative terms from entire chapter:
body fat
