Appendix E
Acronyms and Abbreviations
AAMACS—
advanced automated master angle calibration system
AC—
alternating current
ACI—
American Concrete Institute
ACM—
Association for Computing Machinery
ADCL—
Accredited Dosimetry Calibration Laboratories
ADL—
architecture description language
AED—
atomic emission detection
AES—
Advanced Encryption Standard; Auger electron spectroscopy
AFLAP—
Armed Forces Laboratory of Applied Pathology
AFM—
atomic force microscopy/microscope
AIGER—
American Industry/Government Emissions Research
AMD—
Advanced Micro Devices
AMDIS—
Automated Mass Spectral Deconvolution and Identification Software
AML—
Advanced Measurement Laboratory
AMO—
atomic, molecular, and optical
ANSI—
American National Standards Institute
API—
application programming interface
ASHRE—
American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers
ASME—
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
ASTM—
American Society for Testing and Materials
ATP—
Advanced Technology Program
ATSC—
Advanced Television Systems Committee
BACnet—
Building Automation and Control Network
BEC—
Bose-Einstein condensates
BEES—
Building for Environmental and Economic Sustainability
BFRL—
Building and Fire Research Laboratory
BioMEMS—
biomicroelectromechanical systems
BIPM—
Bureau International des Poids et Mésures
BISR—
Bioinformatics Software Resource
BLAS—
Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms
BMCD—
Biomolecular Crystallization Database
BVL—
Biomarker Validation Laboratory
CAD—
computer-aided design
CAM—
computer-aided manufacturing
CARB—
Center for Advanced Research in Biotechnology
CBEFF—
Common Biometric Exchange File Format
CCM—
Consultative Committee for Mass and Related Quantities
CCT—
Consultative Committee on Temperature
CD—
critical dimension; compact disk
CE—
capillary electrophoresis
CEC—
capillary electrochromatography
CGM—
Computer Graphics Metafile
CHRNS—
Center for High Resolution Neutron Scattering
CIF—
common industry format
CIO—
chief information officer
CIP—
critical infrastructure protection
CIPM—
Comité International des Poids et Mésures
CIRMS—
Council on Ionizing Radiation Measurements and Standards
CISPR—
International Special Committee on Radio Interference
CIS2—
CIMsteel Integration Standards
CMM—
coordinate measuring machine
CMOS—
complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
CMRL—
Construction Materials Reference Laboratory
CMVP—
Cryptographic Module Validation Program
CNBT—
Cold Neutrons for Biology and Technology
CONSAFE—
Construction Systems and Safety
CONSIAT—
Construction Integration and Automation Technology
CORM—
Council for Optical Radiation Measurements
CRADA—
cooperative research and development agreement
CRDS—
cavity ring-down spectrometer
CSEAT—
Computer Security Expert Assist Team
CSTL—
Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory
CU—
University of Colorado
C-V—
capacitance-voltage
CVD—
chemical vapor deposition
CV-ID-ICP-MS—
cold vapor isotope dilution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
CW—
continuous wave
DARPA—
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
DASE—
digital TV application software environment
DAVE—
data analysis and visualization environment
DC—
direct current
DCS—
disk chopper time-of-flight spectrometer
DLMF—
Digital Library of Mathematical Functions
DNA—
deoxyribonucleic acid
DNS—
Domain Name System
DOD—
Department of Defense
DOE—
Department of Energy
DOT—
Department of Transportation
DRM—
digital rights management
DTV—
digital television
DUC—
Document Understanding Conference
DUV—
deep ultraviolet
DVD—
digital versatile disk
EARS—
Effective Affordable Reusable Speech-to-text
EB—
electron beam
EBIT—
electron-beam ion trap
ECCI—
Electronic Commerce of Component Information
EDRN—
Early Detection Research Network
EEEL—
Electronics and Electrical Engineering Laboratory
EIA—
Electronics Industry Association
EM—
electromagnetic
EMC—
electromagnetic compatibility; Enhanced Machine Controller
EPA—
Environmental Protection Agency
EPRI—
Electric Power Research Institute
EUV—
extreme ultraviolet
FASCAL—
Facility for Automatic Spectroradiometric Calibrations
FAST—
financial agent secure transactions
FBI—
Federal Bureau of Investigation
FCC—
Federal Communications Commission
FDA—
Food and Drug Administration
FDD—
fault detection and diagnostics
FDS—
fire dynamics simulator
FEMA—
Federal Emergency Management Agency
FIATECH—
Fully Integrated and Automated Technology
FIB—
focused ion beam
FIMA—
Federal Insurance and Mitigation Administration
FISH—
fluorescence in situ hybridization
FRP—
fiber-reinforced polymer
FTIR—
Fourier-transform infrared
GaAs—
gallium arsenide
GAMS—
Guide to Available Mathematical Software
GC/MS—
gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
GEC—
Gaseous Electronics Conference
GEMnet—
GSA Energy Management network
GIXPS—
grazing incidence x-ray photoemission spectroscopy
GPS—
Global Positioning System
GSA—
General Services Administration
GSAS—
general structure analysis system
HACR—
High Accuracy Cryogenic Radiometer
H/D—
hydrogen/deuterium
HDSA—
High Density Storage Association
HDTV—
high-definition television
HFBS—
high-flux backscattering spectrometer
HFC—
hydrofluorocarbon
HIV—
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
HIVDB—
HIV Protease Structural Database
HPC—
high-performance concrete
HR—
high resolution
HUD—
Department of Housing and Urban Development
HVAC/R—
heating, ventilation, air conditioning, and refrigeration
IAI—
International Alliance for Interoperability
IAQ—
indoor air quality
IC—
integrated circuit
ICM—
Internet Commerce for Manufacturing
ICP—
inductively coupled plasma
IDEMA—
International Disk Drive Equipment and Materials Association
IEA—
International Energy Agency
IEC—
International Electrotechnical Commission
IEEE—
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IETF—
Internet Engineering Task Force
IFC—
Industry Foundation Classes
IGERT—
Integrative Graduate Education, Research, and Training
IGOR—
data reduction and analysis software
IIEDM—
Infrastructure for Integrated Electronic Design and Manufacturing
IKE—
Internet Key Exchange
ILC—
interlaboratory comparison
IM—
intercomparison materials
IMPI—
Interoperable Message Passing Interface
INAA—
instrumental neutron activation analysis
IP—
Internet Protocol; intellectual property
IPsec—
Internet Protocol Security
IR—
infrared
ISO—
International Organization for Standardization
IT—
information technology
ITF—
Irradiation Testbed Facility
ITL—
Information Technology Laboratory
ITRS—
International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors
ITS—
intelligent transportation system
IUPAC—
International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry
JEDEC—
Joint Electron Device Engineering Council
KC—
Key Comparison
LADAR—
laser detection and ranging
LANL—
Los Alamos National Laboratory
LBNL—
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
LC—
liquid chromatography
LCC—
life cycle costs
LED—
light-emitting diode
LFRD—
load and resistance factor design
LISA—
Laser Interferometer Space Antenna
LLC—
Limited Liability Corporation (consortium)
LLNL—
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
LS—
liquid scintillation
MACS—
multi-analyzer crystal spectrometer
MALDI—
matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization
MANET—
mobile ad hoc network
MBE—
molecular beam epitaxy
MEF—
mask enhancement factor
MEL—
Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory
MEMS—
microelectromechanical systems
MEP—
Manufacturing Extension Partnership
MERLiN—
modeling, evaluation, and research of lightwave networks
MFM—
magnetic force microscope
MOS—
metal-oxide semiconductor
MOSFETS—
metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors
MOU—
memorandum of understanding
MPD—
Measurement Program Description
MPEG—
Motion Picture Experts Group
MPLS—
multiprotocol label switching
MQA—
measurement quality assurance
MRA—
Mutual Recognition Agreement
MRAM—
magnetic random access memory
MS—
mass spectrometry/spectrometer
MSAG—
Measurement Services Advisory Group
MSEL—
Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory
MSL—
Measurement and Standards Laboratories
NASA—
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NCI—
National Cancer Institute
NCNR—
NIST Center for Neutron Research
NCSLI—
National Conference of Standards Laboratories International
NEMI—
National Electronics Manufacturing Initiative
NEMS—
Nanoelectromechanical Systems
NFG—
nonfederal government (agencies)
NG-3—
neutron guide 3
NIAP—
National Information Assurance Partnership
NIF—
National Ignition Facility
NIH—
National Institutes of Health
NIJ—
National Institute of Justice
NIR—
near infrared
NIST—
National Institute of Standards and Technology
NMI—
national measurement institute
NMR—
nuclear magnetic resonance
NOAA—
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
NORAMET—
North American Metrology Organization
NPL—
Nanoscale Physics Laboratory
NRC—
National Research Council
NRIP—
NIST Radiochemistry Intercomparison Program
NRL—
Naval Research Laboratory
NRS—
nanoscale recording system
NSA—
National Security Agency
NSE—
neutron spin echo
NSF—
National Science Foundation
NSIC—
National Storage Industry Consortium
NSMP—
National Semiconductor Metrology Program
NSOM—
near-field scanning optical microscopy/microscope
NTRM—
NIST-Traceable Reference Material
NVLAP—
National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program
OA—
other agencies
OAE—
Office of Applied Economics
OASIS—
Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards
OCT—
optical coherence tomography
OFA—
Organizational Focus Area
OLES—
Office of Law Enforcement Standards
OMP—
Office of Microelectronics Programs
OOF—
object-oriented finite-element (analysis system)
OOMMF—
Object Oriented Micromagnetic Framework
OSEP—
Optical Science and Engineering Program
OSTP—
Office of Science and Technology Policy
PARCS—
Primary Atomic Reference Clock in Space
PATRIOT—
Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism
PC—
personal computer
PCR—
polymerase chain reaction
PDA—
personal digital assistant
PDB—
Protein Data Bank
PDL—
polarization-dependent loss
PEEM—
photoemission electron microscope
PEO—
polyethylene oxide
PerMIS—
Performance Metrics for Intelligent System
PGAA—
prompt gamma-activation analysis
PIMM—
pulsed inductive microwave magnetometer
PKI—
public-key infrastructure
PL—
Physics Laboratory
PLGA—
polylactic/polyglycolic acid
PLIF—
planar, laser-induced fluorescence
PMD—
polarization mode dispersion
PRT—
participating research team
QD—
quantum dot
QH—
quantum Hall
RCS—
real-time control system; radar cross section
REML—
Radio-frequency Electromagnetic-field Metrology Laboratory
RF—
radio frequency
RILEM—
Réunion Internationale des Laboratoires d’Essais et de recherche sur les Matériaux et les Constructions
RIMS—
resonance ionization mass spectrometry/spectrometer
RNA—
ribonucleic acid
RNAA—
radiochemical neutron activation analysis
RPG—
Recommended Practice Guide
SANS—
small-angle neutron scattering
SCM—
scanning capacitance microscopy/microscope
SED—
Semiconductor Electronics Division
SEM—
scanning electron microscopy/microscope
SEMATECH—
Semiconductor Manufacturing Technology Consortium
SEMPA—
scanning electron microscopy with polarization analysis
SET—
single-electron transistor
SFA—
Strategic Focus Area
SFC—
supercritical fluid chromatography
SFE—
supercritical fluid extraction
SFG-OS—
sum frequency generation optical spectroscopy
SI—
International System (of units)
SIA—
Semiconductor Industry Association
SIM—
Sistema Interamericano Metrología
SIMS—
secondary ion mass spectroscopy
SIP—
session initiation protocol
SIRCUS—
spectral irradiance and radiance calibration with uniform sources
SIS—
superconductor-insulator-superconductor
SM3—
Single Molecule Manipulation and Measurement
SNS—
Spallation Neutron Source
SPIE—
Society for Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers
SPINS—
spin-polarized triple-axis spectrometer
SPP—
storage photo-stimulable phosphor
SRD—
Standard Reference Database
SRM—
Standard Reference Material
SRP—
Standard Reference Photometer
SS7—
signaling system seven
STEP—
standard(s) for the exchange of product model data
STM—
scanning tunneling microscopy/microscope
STR—
short tandem repeat
STRS—
Scientific and Technical Research and Services
SURF—
Synchrotron Ultraviolet Radiation Facility
TCAD—
technology computer-aided design
TDCR—
Triple Double Coincidence Ratio
TDEP—
trace explosives detection portal
TEM—
transmission electron microscopy/microscope
TIA—
Telecommunications Industries Association
TIMS—
thermal ionization mass spectrometry/spectrometer
TOF—
time of flight
TRC—
Thermodynamics Research Center
TREC—
Text Retrieval Conference
UCN—
ultracold neutron
UGV—
unmanned ground vehicles
UHV STM—
ultrahigh-vacuum scanning tunneling microscope
ULSI—
ultralarge-scale integration
UMD—
University of Maryland
UpnP—
Universal Plug and Play
USANS—
ultrasmall-angle neutron scattering
UTC—
coordinated universal time
UV—
ultraviolet
UWB—
ultrawideband
VCBT—
Virtual Cycybernetic Building Testbed
VCCTL—
Virtual Cement and Concrete Testing Laboratory
VESA—
Video Electronics Standards Association
VIS—
visible
VUV—
vacuum ultraviolet
WDM—
wavelength-division multiplexing
W3C—
World Wide Web Consortium
XML—
extensible markup language
XMM—
x-ray multi-mirror
XPS—
x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
YBCO—
yttrium-barium-copper oxide
ZSM-5—
zeolite-based heterogeneous catalyst