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Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2003. Bioavailability of Contaminants in Soils and Sediments: Processes, Tools, and Applications. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10523.
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Appendixes

Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2003. Bioavailability of Contaminants in Soils and Sediments: Processes, Tools, and Applications. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10523.
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This page in the original is blank.
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2003. Bioavailability of Contaminants in Soils and Sediments: Processes, Tools, and Applications. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10523.
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A Acronyms


ABS

Absorption factor

AhR

Aromatic hydrocarbon receptor

APA

Administrative Procedure Act

ARAR

Applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements

ASTM

American Society for Testing and Materials

ASV

Anodic stripping voltammetry

ATP

Adenosine triphosphate

AVS

Acid volatile sulfide


BMF

Biomagnification Factor

BSAF

Biota Sediment/Soil Accumulation Factor

BTEX

Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene


CBR

Critical body residue

CDC

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

CEC

Cation exchange capacity

CERCLA

Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act

CWA

Clean Water Act


DAF

Dilution attenuation factor

Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2003. Bioavailability of Contaminants in Soils and Sediments: Processes, Tools, and Applications. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10523.
×

DEQ

Department of Environmental Quality

DGT

Diffusive gradient in thin films

DOC

Dissolved organic carbon


EAE

Environmentally acceptable endpoint

EPA

Environmental Protection Agency

EPR

Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy

EqP

Equilibrium partitioning

ESG

Equilibrium partitioning sediment guidelines

EXAFS

X-ray absorption fine structure


FTIR

Fourier transform infrared absorbance


HOC

Hydrophobic organic compound


IEUBK

Integrated Exposure Uptake Biokinetic Model

IR

Infrared absorbance


MCL

Maximum contaminant level

MGP

Manufactured gas plant


NAPL

Nonaqueous phase liquid

NCP

National Contingency Plan

NERL

National Exposure Research Lab

NMR

Nuclear magnetic resonance

NOAA

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

NOM

Natural organic matter

NPL

National Priorities List

NRC

National Research Council


PAH

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

PCB

Polychlorinated biphenyl

PCP

Pentachlorophenol

PCR

Polymerase chain reaction

PRG

Preliminary remediation goal

PTD

Polyethylene tube dialysis


RAF

Relative Absorption Factor

RAGS

Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund

RCRA

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act

Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2003. Bioavailability of Contaminants in Soils and Sediments: Processes, Tools, and Applications. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10523.
×

SAGE

Serial analysis of gene expression

SARA

Soil or Sediment Availability Ratio

SEM

Simultaneously extracted metals or Scanning electron microscopy

SERDP

Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program

SIMS

Secondary ion mass spectrometry

SPLP

Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Procedure

SPMD

Semipermeable membrane device

SPME

Solid phase microextraction

SQG

Sediment quality guidelines

SSL

Soil screening level


TCLP

Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure

TOC

Total organic carbon

TRW

Technical Review Workgroup


USACE

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers


XANES

X-ray absorption near edge structure

XPS

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

XAS

X-ray absorption spectroscopy

XRD

X-ray diffraction

Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2003. Bioavailability of Contaminants in Soils and Sediments: Processes, Tools, and Applications. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10523.
×
Page 411
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2003. Bioavailability of Contaminants in Soils and Sediments: Processes, Tools, and Applications. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10523.
×
Page 412
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2003. Bioavailability of Contaminants in Soils and Sediments: Processes, Tools, and Applications. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10523.
×
Page 413
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2003. Bioavailability of Contaminants in Soils and Sediments: Processes, Tools, and Applications. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10523.
×
Page 414
Suggested Citation:"Appendix A: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2003. Bioavailability of Contaminants in Soils and Sediments: Processes, Tools, and Applications. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10523.
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Bioavailability refers to the extent to which humans and ecological receptors are exposed to contaminants in soil or sediment. The concept of bioavailability has recently piqued the interest of the hazardous waste industry as an important consideration in deciding how much waste to clean up. The rationale is that if contaminants in soil and sediment are not bioavailable, then more contaminant mass can be left in place without creating additional risk. A new NRC report notes that the potential for the consideration of bioavailability to influence decision-making is greatest where certain chemical, environmental, and regulatory factors align. The current use of bioavailability in risk assessment and hazardous waste cleanup regulations is demystified, and acceptable tools and models for bioavailability assessment are discussed and ranked according to seven criteria. Finally, the intimate link between bioavailability and bioremediation is explored. The report concludes with suggestions for moving bioavailability forward in the regulatory arena for both soil and sediment cleanup.

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