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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Ground Beef: Review of a Draft Risk Assessment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10528.
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ESCHERICHIA COLI O157:H7 IN GROUND BEEF

Review of a Draft Risk Assessment

Committee on the Review of the USDA E. coli O157:H7 Farm-to-Table Process Risk Assessment

Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

Food and Nutrition Board

INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
Washington, D.C.
www.nap.edu

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Ground Beef: Review of a Draft Risk Assessment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10528.
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THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS
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NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance.

Support for this project was provided by the US Department of Agriculture. The views presented in this report are those of the Institute of Medicine Committee on the Review of the USDA E. coli O157:H7 Farm-to-Table Process Risk Assessment and are not necessarily those of the funding agencies.

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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Ground Beef: Review of a Draft Risk Assessment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10528.
×

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INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

Shaping the Future for Health

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Ground Beef: Review of a Draft Risk Assessment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10528.
×

THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES

Advisers to the Nation on Science, Engineering, and Medicine

The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts is president of the National Academy of Sciences.

The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Wm. A. Wulf is president of the National Academy of Engineering.

The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine.

The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Bruce M. Alberts and Dr. Wm. A. Wulf are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council

www.national-academies.org

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Ground Beef: Review of a Draft Risk Assessment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10528.
×

COMMITTEE ON THE REVIEW OF THE USDA E. COLI O157:H7 FARM-TO-TABLE PROCESS RISK ASSESSMENT

Michael P. Doyle, PhD (Chair), Regents Professor of Food Microbiology and Director of the Center for Food Safety,

University of Georgia, Griffin, Georgia

Scott Ferson, PhD, Senior Scientist and Vice President,

Applied Biomathematics, Setauket, New York

Dale D. Hancock, DVM, MS, PhD, Professor and Epidemiologist,

Field Disease Investigation Unit, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington

Myron M. Levine, MD, DTPH, Professor and Director,

University of Maryland School of Medicine, Center for Vaccine Development, Baltimore, Maryland

Greg Paoli, MASc, President,

Decisionalysis Risk Consultants, Inc., Ottawa, Ontario

Barbara J. Peterson, PhD, MPH, Principal/Practice Director,

Food and Chemicals Practice, Exponent, Washington, DC

John N. Sofos, PhD, Professor,

Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado

Susan S. Sumner, PhD, Professor, Department Head and Extension Project Leader,

Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia

Liaison from the Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

Hugh Tilson, MD, DrPH, Clinical Professor of Epidemiology and Health Policy and Senior Adviser to the Dean, School of Public Health,

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Staff

David A. Butler, PhD, Study Director

Allison Yates, PhD, RD, Director,

Food and Nutrition Board

Rose Marie Martinez, ScD, Director,

Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

Jennifer A. Cohen, Research Associate

Anna Staton, MPA, Research Assistant

Elizabeth Albrigo, Project Assistant

Rita Gaskins, Division Assistant

Jim Banihashemi, JD, Financial Associate

Melissa French, Financial Associate

Norman Grossblatt, Senior Editor

Staff Consultant

Ricardo Molins, PhD, Senior Staff Officer

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Ground Beef: Review of a Draft Risk Assessment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10528.
×

Reviewers

This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise, in accordance with procedures approved by the NRC’s Report Review Committee. The purpose of this independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as possible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards for objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confidential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We wish to thank the following individuals for their review of this report:

Mindy Brashears, PhD, Texas Tech University

P. Michael Davidson, PhD, University of Tennessee

Colin O. Gill, PhD, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

Jimmy T. Keeton, PhD, Texas A&M University

Jørgen Schlundt, DVM, PhD, World Health Organization

Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or recommendations nor did they see the final draft of the report before its release. The review of this report was overseen by Stephen L. Taylor, PhD, University of Nebraska and Ronald W. Estabrook, PhD, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas. Appointed by the NRC, they were responsible for making certain that an independent examination of this report was carried out in accordance with institutional procedures and that all review comments were carefully considered. Responsibility for the final content of this report rests entirely with the authoring committee and the institution.

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Ground Beef: Review of a Draft Risk Assessment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10528.
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Preface

The efforts of the Committee on the Review of the USDA E. coli O157:H7 Farm-to-Table Process Risk Assessment were supported by the work and dedication of the project staff and numerous other individuals who shared their thoughts and expertise with the committee. We could not have completed our task satisfactorily without the substantial help of the these individuals.

We are particularly indebted to Wayne Schlosser and Eric Ebel of the US Department of Agriculture (USDA), who provided detailed information on the draft risk assessment and answered the committee’s many questions. Special thanks are also extended to I. Kaye Wachsmuth, Karen Hulebak, Carol Maczka, and Kathleen Orloski of USDA, and Anna Lammerding of Health Canada, for their expert advice and assistance. Edmund Crouch of Cambridge Environmental Inc. contributed a detailed examination of the draft model spreadsheet that is reproduced as Appendix D of this report. Randall Huffman of the American Meat Foundation Institute and Caroline Smith DeWaal of the Center for Science in the Public Interest provided comments for the committee’s consideration.

We greatly appreciate the guidance and insights offered by our liaison from IOM’s Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Hugh Tilson. Food and Nutrition Board (FNB) Chair Cutberto Garza, and FNB member Robert Smith provided input on report drafts.

David A. Butler, who served as the study director for this project, worked in concert with Ricardo Molins of FNB to produce this report. The committee would also like to acknowledge the excellent work of IOM staff members Jennifer Cohen, Anna Staton, and Elizabeth Albrigo. Thanks are

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Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Ground Beef: Review of a Draft Risk Assessment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10528.
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also extended to Melissa French and Jim Banihashemi, who handled the finances for the project; Norman Grossblatt who provided editorial input; William McLeod, who conducted database searches; Jennifer Otten, who supervised the report through the editorial and publication phases; Bronwyn Schrecker, who shepherded the report through the review process; and Rita Gaskins, who provided administrative support to the project.

Michael P. Doyle, Chair

Suggested Citation:"Front Matter." Institute of Medicine. 2002. Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Ground Beef: Review of a Draft Risk Assessment. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10528.
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USDA's Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) is formulating risk assessments to identify important foodborne hazards; evaluate potential strategies to prevent, reduce, or eliminate those hazards; assess the effects of different mitigation strategies; and identify research needs. These risk assessments, in brief, empirically characterize the determinants of the presence or level of microbial contamination in vulnerable foodstuffs at various points leading up to consumption.

One of the initial efforts in the undertaking is a risk assessment of the public health impact of E. coli O157:H7 in ground beef. In addition to soliciting public input, FSIS asked the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to convene a committee of experts to review the draft and offer recommendations and suggestions for consideration as the agency finalizes the document. This report presents the results of that review.

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