An Assessment of Precision Time and Time Interval Science and Technology

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An Assessment of Precision Time and Time Interval Science and Technology (2002)
Naval Studies Board (NSB)

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. "Appendix D: Glossary." An Assessment of Precision Time and Time Interval Science and Technology. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2002.

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An Assessment of Precision Time and Time Interval Science and Technology

D Glossary

“Overall frequency accuracy” and “clock accuracy” are defined by military specification MIL-PRF55310D as follows:

6.4.33 Overall frequency accuracy. The maximum permissible frequency deviation of the oscillator frequency from the assigned nominal value due to all combinations of specified operating and non-operating parameters within a specified period of time. In the general case, overall accuracy of an oscillator is the sum of the absolute values assigned to the following:

The initial frequency-temperature accuracy . . .
Frequency-tolerances due to supply voltage changes . . . and other environmental effects . . .

Total frequency change from an initial value due to frequency aging . . . at a specified temperature.

6.4.4 Clock accuracy. The degree of conformity of a clock’s rate with that of a time standard. Clock accuracy [is] expressed as the worst case time error that can accumulate over specified operating conditions and over a specified duration following clock synchronization (e.g., 10 milliseconds per day) . . .

Stability is the maximum deviation of the oscillator frequency due to operation over a specified parameter range. For example, MIL-PRF-55310D defines frequency-temperature stability as follows:

6.4.16 Frequency-temperature stability. The maximum permissible deviation of the oscillator frequency, with no reference implied, due to operation over the specified temperature range at nominal supply and load conditions, other conditions constant.

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75

Front Matter (R1-R12)

Executive Summary (1-6)

1. The Navy and PTTI (7-11)

2. State of the Art of PTTI Physics and Devices (12-22)

3. State of PTTI Research and Infrastructure (23-33)

4. Research Opportunities in PTTI (34-38)

5. Defense Needs for PTTI (39-43)

6. Findings and Recommendations (44-50)

Appendix A: Committee Biographies (51-55)

Appendix B: Tutorial on PTTI Frequency Standards (56-71)

Appendix C: Acronyms and Abbreviations (72-74)

Appendix D: Glossary (75-76)

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An Assessment of Precision Time and Time Interval Science and Technology D Glossary “Overall frequency accuracy” and “clock accuracy” are defined by military specification MIL-PRF55310D as follows: 6.4.33 Overall frequency accuracy. The maximum permissible frequency deviation of the oscillator frequency from the assigned nominal value due to all combinations of specified operating and non-operating parameters within a specified period of time. In the general case, overall accuracy of an oscillator is the sum of the absolute values assigned to the following: The initial frequency-temperature accuracy . . . Frequency-tolerances due to supply voltage changes . . . and other environmental effects . . . Total frequency change from an initial value due to frequency aging . . . at a specified temperature. 6.4.4 Clock accuracy. The degree of conformity of a clock’s rate with that of a time standard. Clock accuracy [is] expressed as the worst case time error that can accumulate over specified operating conditions and over a specified duration following clock synchronization (e.g., 10 milliseconds per day) . . . Stability is the maximum deviation of the oscillator frequency due to operation over a specified parameter range. For example, MIL-PRF-55310D defines frequency-temperature stability as follows: 6.4.16 Frequency-temperature stability. The maximum permissible deviation of the oscillator frequency, with no reference implied, due to operation over the specified temperature range at nominal supply and load conditions, other conditions constant.

OCR for page 76
An Assessment of Precision Time and Time Interval Science and Technology The short-term stability of an oscillator is measured by its Allan deviation, denoted by σy(τ), which is the square root of one half the average of the squares of the differences between successive average normalized frequency departure, averaged over the sampling time τ, under the assumption that there is no dead time between the averaged normalized frequency departure samples.