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Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Federal Funding Summary." National Research Council. 2003. Decline of the Steller Sea Lion in Alaskan Waters: Untangling Food Webs and Fishing Nets. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10576.
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APPENDIX E Federal Funding Summary

Federal Funding ($1,000s) for Steller Sea Lion Research in Fiscal Years (FY) 1982–2002 Available to the National Marine Fisheries Service and Other Federal Agencies,a and to Other Research Organzations.b

FY

Federal Agencies

Nonfederal Research Organizations

Total

1982

50

 

50

1983

50

 

50

1984

50

 

50

1985

200

 

200

1986

100

 

100

1987

300

 

300

1988

200

 

200

1989

200

 

200

1990

600

 

600

1991

559

 

559

1992

676

750

1,426

1993

517

728

1,245

1994

584

708

1,292

1995

645

708

1,353

1996

831

1,005

1,836

1997

867

1,022

1,889

1998

978

2,043

3,021

1999

1,653

1,863

3,516

2000

2,110

2,610

4,720

2001

15,850

27,300c

43,150

2002

25,650

14,495

40,145

aNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research and National Ocean Service.

bAlaska SeaLife Center, Alaska Department of Fish and Game, North Pacific Universities Marine Mammal Research Consortium, North Pacific Fishery Management Council, University of Alaska, and Alaska Fisheries Development Foundation.

cIncludes funds for the Steller Sea Lion Research Initiative.

SOURCE: Ferrero and Fritz (2002, Table 1).

Suggested Citation:"Appendix E: Federal Funding Summary." National Research Council. 2003. Decline of the Steller Sea Lion in Alaskan Waters: Untangling Food Webs and Fishing Nets. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10576.
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For an unknown reason, the Steller sea lion population in Alaska has declined by 80% over the past three decades. In 2001, the National Research Council began a study to assess the many hypotheses proposed to explain the sea lion decline including insufficient food due to fishing or the late 1970s climate/regime shift, a disease epidemic, pollution, illegal shooting, subsistence harvest, and predation by killer whales or sharks. The report's analysis indicates that the population decline cannot be explained only by a decreased availability of food; hence other factors, such as predation and illegal shooting, deserve further study. The report recommends a management strategy that could help determine the impact of fisheries on sea lion survival -- establishing open and closed fishing areas around sea lion rookeries. This strategy would allow researchers to study sea lions in relatively controlled, contrasting environments. Experimental area closures will help fill some short-term data gaps, but long-term monitoring will be required to understand why sea lions are at a fraction of their former abundance.

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