Hydro-carbons, jet-fuel derivatives

Human (34 male airport workers, 11 unexposed controls)

Benzene, 0.10 ± 0.05 mg/m³; toluene, 0.13 ± 0.01 mg/m³; xylenes, 0.13±0.02 mg/m³, measured at Barcelona airport

9.77 yr (mean)

No increases in SCE, MN, or ras p21 protein levels were observed in exposed workers; significant difference in mean comet length and in genetic-damage index observed between exposed and unexposed workers

Pitarque et al. 1999

JP-4, solvents

Human (58 aircraft-maintenance workers, 8 unexposed controls)

All means below 6 ppm, as measured with industrial-hygiene methods

At least 30 wk

Exposure well below threshold limit values; small but statistically significant increase in frequency of SCE occurred after 30 wk of exposure in sheet-metal workers and painters; MN frequency in sheet-metal workers initially showed statistically significant increase but had decreased by 30 wk

Lemasters et al. 1997, 1999

JP-8

Salmonella strains, mouse lymphoma cells, human diploid WI-38 cells

Microbial assay, 0.001-5.0 μl/plate; mouse lymphoma assay, 0.01-

Microbial assay, 48 hr; mouse lymphoma assay, 4 hr; unscheduled

JP-8 not mutagenic in Ames-type reverse-mutation assay in Salmonella strains in either presence or absence of metabolic activation with rat liver S9; JP-8 toxic to most Salmonella strains at above 1 μL/plate; no gene mutation in mouse cells in L5178Y thymidine kinase

Brusick and Matheson 1978a