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APPEND TX F
Agricultural-Research Funding
TABLE F-1 Research, Education, and Economics by Agency for
FY 1985-2001 Actual and FY 2002 Estimate
Budget Authority, millions of nominal dollars
Year ARS CSREES ERS NASS Total Year
Budget Al;
1985 528 648 47 58 1,281 1985
1986 500 614 44 56 1,214 1986
1987 533 718 45 58 1,354 1987
1988 572 708 48 61 1,389 1988
1989 601 703 50 64 1,418 1989
1990 621 755 51 67 1,494 1990
1991 689 852 54 76 1,671 1991
1992 754 927 59 83 1,823 1992
1993 724 910 59 81 1,774 1993
1994 757 933 55 82 1,827 1994
1995 772 931 54 81 1,838 1995
1996 751 911 53 81 1,796 1996
1997 800 949 54 100 1,903 1997
1998 845 859 72 118 1,894 1998
1999 871 924 63 104 1,962 1999
2000 903 1,091 64 100 2,158 2000
2001 1,019 1,150 68 101 2,338 2001
2002 1,247 1,033 70 114 2,464 2002
Note: ARS estimates include $17 million made available under the Agricultural Risk Protection Act
in 2001 and $113 million under Emergency Supplemental to Respond to Terrorism in 2002, consist-
ing of $40 million for research and $73 million for facilities. Constant dollar estimates based on
deflators for research expenditures (see Table F-l l).
186
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APPENDIX F
187
Budget Authority, millions of constant dollars 2000 = 1.00
Year ARS CSREES ERS NASS Total
1985 915 1,123 81 101 2,220
1986 833 1,023 73 93 2,022
1987 854 1,151 72 93 2,170
1988 868 1,074 73 93 2,108
1989 861 1,007 72 92 2,032
1990 846 1,029 69 91 2,035
1991 913 1,128 72 101 2,214
1992 974 1,198 76 107 2,355
1993 914 1,149 74 102 2,239
1994 922 1,136 67 100 2,225
1995 914 1,102 64 96 2,176
1996 865 1,050 61 93 2,069
1997 892 1,058 60 111 2,121
1998 906 921 77 126 2,030
1999 899 954 65 107 2,025
2000 903 1,091 64 100 2,158
2001 970 1,095 65 96 2,226
2002 1,157 958 65 106 2,286
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188
TABLE F-2 Total R&D by Agency, FY 1976-2003
APPENDIX F
Budget Authority, millions of 2000 dollars, FY
1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990
DOD 32,685 35,317 34,223 34,100 32,991 37,180 41,948 45,967 50,976 55,421 58,334 59,512 57,854 55,270 51,59
NASA 11,458 11,677 11,570 11,997 12,336 11,827 9,233 5,311 5,464 6,172 6,214 6,943 7,112 8,481 9,68
DOE 9,964 12,782 14,479 14,321 13,574 13,182 10,877 10,029 10,286 10,361 9,234 8,690 8,834 8,961 9,52
NIHa 7,348 7,640 8,136 8,479 8,107 7,644 7,437 7,870 8,435 9,125 9,021 10,261 10,498 10,817 11,04
NSF 2,172 2,228 2,261 2,205 2,146 2,049 1,960 2,056 2,277 2,460 2,333 2,447 2,408 2,524 2,35
USDA 1,682 1,671 1,814 1,884 1,682 1,749 1,670 1,718 1,782 1,737 1,600 1,750 1,695 1,632 1,66
Interior 1,055 1,006 1,040 1,079 965 882 775 752 664 674 639 654 646 687 72
DOT 1,045 1,018 1,069 921 934 872 628 721 892 761 631 495 477 467 48
EPA 886 898 1,086 1,011 805 803 573 451 454 529 539 552 567 569 57
DOC 750 778 805 874 842 739 620 631 662 679 658 669 622 611 61
Othera 2,561 2,741 3,073 3,263 3,368 3,003 2,223 2,243 2,064 1,742 1,832 2,010 1,901 2,077 2,25
Total R&D 71,606 77,756 79,556 80,134 77,750 79,930 77,944 77,749 83,956 89,661 91,035 93,983 92,614 92,096 90,52
R&D:
Defense 35,925 38,394 37,988 37,632 36,306 40,732 46,073 49,803 55,653 60,163 62,740 63,835 62,173 59,569 55,82
Nondefense 35,682 39,363 41,568 42,503 41,445 39,197 31,871 27,948 28,302 29,497 28,295 30,147 30,441 32,528 34,69
Basic research 8,016 8,898 11,410 11,821 12,019 10,936 10,946 12,122 12,891 13,510 13,602 14,446 14,425 15,212 15,36
NOTE: Includes conduct of R&D and R&D facilities. Constant dollar estimates based on deflators
for research expenditures (see Table F- 11).
aBetween FY 1991 and 1992, R&D from ADAMHA (HHS) transferred to NIH. ADAMHA R&D
included in NIH totals for all years.
bLatest estimate for FY 2002.
CAAAS estimates of president's FY 2003 request.
Source: AAAS Reports I through XXVI, based on OMB and agency R&D budget data.
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APPENDIX F
189
987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002h 2003C
9,512 57,854
6,943 7,112
8,690 8,834
0,261 10,498
2,447 2,408
1,750 1,695
654 646
495 477
552 567
669 622
2,010 1,901
55,270 51,593 49,283 48,810 49,051 43,252 41,833 41,224 41,514 40,267 40,132 39,960 40,705 46,047 48,866
8,481 9,689 10,760 11,039 11,130 11,456 11,194 10,867 10,426 10,451 10,028 9,494 9,417 9,491 9,515
8,961 9,520 9,720 10,508 9,399 8,248 7,593 7,227 6,931 6,807 7,189 6,956 7,365 7,756 7,418
10,817 11,045 11,891 12,434 12,488 12,757 12,736 13,162 13,620 14,051 15,475 17,234 18,864 21,146 23,576
2,524 2,355 2,508 2,547 2,542 2,732 2,836 2,755 2,703 2,680 2,755 2,931 3,162 3,271 3,254
1,632 1,667 1,843 1,963 1,852 1,862 1,760 1,714 1,735 1,673 1,698 1,776 2,077 2,165 1,888
687 723 821 831 820 862 791 658 659 574 515 618 592 612 560
467 482 545 802 784 781 788 692 682 632 627 607 684 722 656
569 578 608 636 627 716 656 556 663 683 690 558 546 549 559
611 617 711 754 1,002 1,245 1,323 1,112 1,075 1,169 1,118 1,174 981 1,017 980
2,077 2,257 2,366 2,622 2,386 2,661 2,453 2,067 2,415 2,408 2,509 2,461 2,783 2,910 2,593
3,983 92,614 92,096 90,525 91,056 92,946 92,081 86,572 83,963 82,034 82,424 81,395 82,736 83,769 87,176 95,686 99,865
3,835 62,173
0,147 30,441
4,446 14,425
59,569 55,829 53,477 53,270 53,174 46,649 44,773 44,314 44,646 43,485 43,432 43,161 44,002 49,608 52,383
32,528 34,697 37,578 39,676 38,907 39,921 39,189 37,750 37,777 37,842 39,304 40,608 43,174 46,078 47,480
15,212 15,366 16,433 16,722 16,975 16,678 16,298 16,639 16,679 16,638 17,991 19,470 20,358 21,925 22,726
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190
APPENDIX F
TABLE F-3 Agricultural Research Funding in the Public and Private Sectors,
1970-1998
Public R&D Funding, Private R&D Funding, Public R&
FY thousands of nominal dollars thousands of nominal dollars thousands
1970 536,619 464,300 2,450,316
1971 581,860 487,100 2,552,016
1972 627,100 507,400 2,668,510
1973 670,748 576,100 2,704,627
1974 729,227 669,290 2,710,881
1975 823,521 708,540 2,820,277
1976 898,363 817,780 2,916,762
1977 1,031,712 953,950 3,174,498
1978 1,157,070 1,079,109 3,315,386
1979 1,247,217 1,204,080 3,282,151
1980 1,367,212 1,453,024 3,216,969
1981 1,528,582 1,468,190 3,273,194
1982 1,641,571 1,651,512 3,302,960
1983 1,703,575 1,794,203 3,307,912
1984 1,768,951 2,045,965 3,228,012
1985 1,927,991 2,167,211 3,341,406
1986 2,014,782 2,320,865 3,357,970
1987 2,160,548 2,278,197 3,462,416
1988 2,301,184 2,571,360 3,491,933
1989 2,445,936 2,745,153 3,504,206
1990 2,598,294 2,971,347 3,539,910
1991 2,780,467 3,172,941 3,682,737
1992 2,913,161 3,207,266 3,763,773
1993 2,970,910 3,463,213 3,751,149
1994 3,111,548 3,556,593 3,789,948
1995 3,168,752 3,884,896 3,750,002
1996 3,148,023 3,960,789 3,626,754
1997 3,235,060 4,381,220 3,606,533
1998 3,403,899 4,559,514 3,648,338
Note: For information drawn from Inventory of Agricultural Research publications, data adjustments
were necessary to produce consistent series for period. Data were not available from Inventory for
1971. Thus, the figure for 1971 is the average of 1970 and 1972. With respect to more recent years,
CRIS stopped publishing Inventory in 1997 and moved to a Web-based reporting system. The new
data system differs slightly from system used in Inventory. Data for 1998 do not include Forest
Service's research budget. Constant dollar estimates are based on deflators for research expenditures
(see Table F-ll).
Source: Public numbers based on USDA Current Research Information System (CRIS), Inventory of
Agricultural Research, various years; http://www.ers.usda.gov/data/agresearchfunding/; private num-
bers based on Klotz et al. (1995).
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APPENDIX F
Rectors,
191
Ling,
nal dollars
Public R&D Funding,
thousands of nominal dollars
Private R&D Funding,
thousands of nominal dollars
Total Agricultural R&D,
thousands of 2000 dollars
2,450,316
2,552,016
2,668,510
2,704,627
2,710,881
2,820,277
2,916,762
3,174,498
3,315,386
3,282,151
3,216,969
3,273,194
3,302,960
3,307,912
3,228,012
3,341,406
3,357,970
3,462,416
3,491,933
3,504,206
3,539,910
3,682,737
3,763,773
3,751,149
3,789,948
3,750,002
3,626,754
3,606,533
3,648,338
2,120,091
2,136,404
2,159,149
2,322,984
2,488,067
2,426,507
2,655,130
2,935,231
3,092,003
3,168,632
3,418,880
3,143,876
3,322,961
3,483,890
3,733,513
3,755,998
3,868,108
3,650,957
3,901,912
3,932,884
4,048,157
4,202,570
4,143,754
4,372,743
4,332,025
4,597,510
4,563,121
4,884,303
4,886,939
4,570,408
4,688,419
4,827,659
5,027,611
5,198,948
5,246,784
5,571,892
6,109,729
6,407,389
6,450,783
6,635,850
6,417,071
6,625,921
6,791,802
6,961,525
7,097,404
7,226,077
7,113,373
7,393,845
7,437,090
7,588,068
7,885,308
7,907,528
8,123,892
8,121,974
8,347,512
8,189,876
8,490,836
8,535,276
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192
TABLE F-4 Amount and Distribution of Major Sources of Revenues of
US State Agricultural Experiment Stations, 1980-2000
APPENDIX F
Revenue, millions of current dollars
Sources 1980 1990 2000 1980
Revenue,
Regular federal appropriations 136.9 223.6 292.6 322.1
Hatch, regional research, and other nongrant funds 127.2 163.9 200.9 298.8
CSRS/CSREES special grants 9.6 39.7 47.0 22.6
Competitive grants, including NRI 20.0 44.7
Other federal government research funds 91.8 193.3 360.4 216.0
Contracts, grants, and cooperative agreements 24.4 49.5 75.0 57.4
with USDA agencies
Contracts, grants, and cooperative agreements 67.4 143.9 285.4 158.6
with non-USDA federal agencies
State government appropriations 446.9 877.9 1,117.8 1,051.5
Industry, commodity groups, foundationsb 74.0 210.0 340.9 174.1
Other funds (product sales) 55.2 91.6 118.0 129.8
Total 804.8 1,596.5 2,229.7 1,893.6
aObtained by deflating data in first three columns by using Huffman and Evenson (1993, pp. 95-97
and updated to 2000) agricultural-research price index with 2000 = 1.00.
bAmount received from industry and "other nonfederal sources," excluding state appropriations and
product sales or self-generated.
Source: USDA 1982, 1991, 2001 CRIS data.
TABLE F-5 Sources of Revenue for REE Intramural Research Expenditures,
1980-2000
Revenue, millions of current dollars
Agency 1980 1990 2000 1980
Revenue,
Agricultural Research Service 360.3 580.1 794.9 847.8
Regular federal appropriations 360.3 570.9 775.7 847.8
Other funds 0 9.2 19.2 0
Economic Research Service 42.6 51.3 72.5a 100.2
Regular federal appropriations 42.4 51.3 71.6 99.8
Other funds 0.2 0 0.9 0.4
Total ARS and ERS 402.9 631.4 867.4 948.0
Regular federal appropriations 402.7 622.2 947.6
Other funds 0.2 9.2 0.4
aObtained by deflating data in first three columns by using Huffman and Evenson (1993, pp. 95-97
and updated to 2000) agricultural-research price index with 2000 = 1.00.
bData for 1999. ERS did not report any data for CRIS for 2000.
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APPENDIX F
of
193
t dollars Revenue, millions of constant 2000 dollarsa Distribution, %
2000 1980 1990 2000 1980 1990 2000
292.6
200.9
47.0
44.7
360.4
75.0
285.4
1,117.8
340.9
118.0
2,229.7
322.1
298.8
22.6
216.0
57.4
158.6
1,051.5
174.1
129.8
1,893.6
305.0
223.6
54.2
27.3
263.7
67.5
196.3
1,197.7
286.5
125.0
2,178.0
292.6
200.9
47.0
44.7
360.4
75.0
285.4
1,117.8
340.9
118.0
2,229.7
17.0
[15.8]
[1.2]
11.4
[3.0]
[8.4]
55.5
9.2
6.9
00.0
14.0
[10.3]
[2.5]
[1.2]
12.1
[3.1]
[9 0]
55.0
13.2
5.7
100.0
13.1
[9 0]
[2.1]
[2.0]
16.2
[3.4]
[12.8]
50.1
15.3
5.3
100.0
Jitures,
Revenue, millions of constant 2000 dollarsa
2000 1980 1990 2000
794.9
775.7
19.2
72.5a
71.6
0.9
867.4
847.8
847.8
o
100.2
99.8
0.4
948.0
947.6
0.4
790.3
777.8
12.5
69.9
69.9
o
860.2
847.7
12.5
794.9
775.7
19.2
74.8
73.9
0.9
869.7
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194
TABLE F-6 REE Agency Funding Allocation by Goal, FY 2000
APPENDIX F
Funding, thousands of dollars (%)
Goal ARS CSREES ERS NASS Total, REE
Goal 1: To achieve 121,327 291,154 20,550 63,935 496,966
agricultural production (15.30) (25.74) (31.44) (64.36) (23.79)
that is highly competitive
in the global economy
Goal 2: To provide a safe 326,716 228,945 3,744 3,950 563,355
and secure food and fiber (41.20) (20~24) (5.73) (3.98) (26.97)
system
Goal 3: To achieve a 72,731 238,175 16,144 0 327,050
healthier, more well- (9.17) (21.06) (24.70) (0) (15.66)
nourished population
Goal 4: To achieve 125,648 203,112 12,092 4,831 345,683
greater harmony (15.85) (17.96) (18.50) (4.86) (16.55)
between agriculture
and the environment
Goal 5: To enhance 146,550 169,810 12,833 26,616 355,809
economic opportunities (18.48) (15.01) (19.63) (26.79) (17.03)
and the quality of life
among families and
communities
Total 792,972 1,131,196 65,363 99,332 2,088,863
Source: Agency FY 2001 performance plans.
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APPENDIX F
195
TABLE F-7 National Summary USDA, State Agricultural Experiment Stations,
and Other Institutions, FY 2000
Allocation of REE
Agricultural Research Fundsa
Thousands Thousands
Research Problem Area of Dollars % of Dollars
Allocation of Public
Agricultural Research Fundsb
Administration 670 0.06 1,031 0.04
Natural Resources and
Environment 173,802 15.24 507,072 17.49
Plants and Their Systems 420,591
Animals and Their Systems 201,307
36.87
17.65
976,032
675,705
33.68
Engineering and Support
Systems 26,594 2.33 66,016 2.28
Food and Nonfood Products:
Development, Processing,
Quality, and Delivery 96,360 8.45
183,868 6.34
Economic Markets and Policy 30,717 2.69 132,892 4.59
Human Nutrition, Food Safety,
and Human Health and
Well-Being 174,077 15.26 278,796 9.62
Family and Community
Systems
Research Support,
Administration, and
Communication
Total
6,987 0.61
9,524 0.83
1,140,628 100.00
40,423 1.39
36,221 1.25
2,898,056 100.00
aIncludes regular appropriations used for inhouse research by USDA research agencies (note that
ERS and FS did not report to FY 2000 CRIS) and expenditures of formula and grant funding admin-
istered by CSREES and distributed to state agricultural experiment stations and other cooperating
institutions; programs included are Hatch, McIntire-Stennis, Evans-Allen, Animal Health, Special
Grants, Competitive Grants, Small Business Innovation Research Grants, and other specific grant
programs.
bTotal public funds represent the sum of USDA-appropriated funding, CSREES-administered fund-
ing, other funding from USDA, other federal funding, and state appropriations. Not included are
expenditures of funds by the state agricultural experiment stations and other cooperating institutions
received from sources outside federal government, including sale of products (self-generated), industry
grants, and miscellaneous nonfederal sources.
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196
APPENDIX F
TABLE F-8a Research, Education, and Economics by Function, Agency, and
Type of Award, FY 1985-2001 Actual and FY 2002 Estimate
Budget Authority in millions of nominal dollars
Research
CSREES
Year ARS ERS NASS Formula Competitive Administrative NAL
Extension
1985 494 47 8 199 54 45 12
1986 473 44 8 189 49 40
1987 521 45 3 189 47 136 11
1988 544 48 4 202 45 105 12
1989 569 50 3 203 40 100 14
1990 593 51 3 203 43 136 15
1991 631 54 3 212 73 160 17
1992 671 59 4 220 98 181 18
1993 672 59 4 220 98 157 18
1994 706 55 4 226 103 158 18
1995 710 54 4 226 101 156 18
1996 701 53 4 222 94 152 19
1997 711 54 3 222 112 155 19
1998 746 72 3 222 97 99 19
1999 795 63 4 237 119 111 20
2000 831 64 4 238 234 114 20
2001 924 68 4 240 252 145 20
2002 1,033 70 4 242 143 167 22
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APPENDIX F
cy, and
197
Extension and Education
CSREES
Statistics Facilities
rative NAL Formula Competitive Administrative NASS ARS Total
12 259 5 87 50 22 1,281
11 247 3 86 48 6 1,214
11 253 3 91 54 1 1,354
12 260 3 93 58 15 1,389
14 261 3 97 61 17 1,418
15 264 4 106 64 13 1,494
17 275 5 127 73 41 1,671
18 287 5 135 79 66 1,823
18 287 5 142 77 35 1,774
18 298 6 141 78 33 1,827
18 298 9 142 77 44 1,838
19 294 9 140 77 30 1,796
19 294 26 141 97 69 1,903
19 294 8 139 115 81 1,894
20 302 8 146 100 56 1,962
20 303 73 128 96 53 2,157
20 304 67 142 97 74 2,338
22 307 28 146 110 192 2,464
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198
APPENDIX F
TABLE F-8b Research, Education, and Economics by Function, Agency, and
Type of Award, FY 1985-2001 Actual and FY 2002 Estimate
Budget Authority, millions of constant 2000 dollars
Research
CSREES
Year ARS ERS NASS Formula Competitive Administrative NAL
Extension
1985 856 81 14 345 94 78 21
1986 805 73 13 315 82 67 18
1987 835 72 5 303 75 218 18
1988 825 73 6 307 68 159 18
1989 815 72 4 291 57 143 20
1990 808 69 4 277 59 185 20
1991 836 72 4 281 97 212 23
1992 867 76 5 284 127 234 23
1993 848 74 5 278 124 198 23
1994 860 67 5 275 125 192 22
1995 840 64 5 267 120 185 21
1996 808 61 5 256 108 175 22
1997 793 60 3 247 125 173 21
1998 800 77 3 238 104 106 20
1999 820 65 4 245 123 115 21
2000 831 64 4 238 234 114 20
2001 880 65 4 229 240 138 19
2002 958 65 4 224 133 155 20
Note: Constant dollar estimates based on deflators for research expenditures (see Table F-ll).
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APPENDIX F
Icy, and
199
Extension and Education
CSREES
Statistics Facilities
rative NAL Formula Competitive Administrative NASS ARS Total
21 449 9 151 87 38 2,223
18 412 5 143 80 10 2,023
18 405 5 146 87 2 2,171
18 395 5 141 88 23 2,108
20 374 4 139 87 24 2,030
20 360 5 144 87 18 2,036
23 364 7 168 97 54 2,215
23 371 6 174 102 85 2,354
23 362 6 179 97 44 2,238
22 363 7 172 95 40 2,223
21 353 11 168 91 52 2,177
22 339 10 161 89 35 2,069
21 328 29 157 108 77 2,121
20 315 9 149 123 87 2,031
21 312 8 151 103 58 2,025
20 303 73 128 96 53 2,158
19 290 64 135 92 70 2,226
20 285 26 135 102 178 2,285
4-11).
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200
TABLE F-9 ARS Funding of Cooperative Activities, FY 1998-2001
APPENDIX F
Funding, thousands of nominal dollars
Cooperative activity 2001 2000 1999 1998
Cooperative agreements 91,561 76,015 67,945 51,907
Research support agreements 20,217 23,347 21,510 23,570
Research contracts 30 36 3,559 19,461
Grants 25,214 28,942 15,912 13,103
Total ARS obligations for extramural agreementsa 137,022 128,340 108,926 108,041
Total ARS budget authorizations 1,019,000 903,000 817,000 845,000
(13%) (14%) (13%) (13%)
Extramural pass-through fundingC 106,180 87,458 84,164 79,161
a Does not include extramural pass-through funding, shown in last row.
b With percentage of ARS budget.
c Pass-through agreements initiated from funding appropriated to ARS.
Source: ARS, 2002.
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APPENDIX F
TABLE F-lOa Congressional Earmarks for ARS Research and CSREES
Research, Education, and Extension, Nominal Dollars
201
Budget Authority, millions of nominal dollars
CSREESa
Year ARS Research Extension Total
1993 0 82 5 87
1994 8 81 6 94
1995 9 72 7 89
1996 6 71 7 84
1997 5 70 7 83
1998 15 76 6 97
1999 20 87 7 114
2000 22 86 7 116
2001 34 115 13 163
2002 55 132 12 199
Note: Budget authority means authority provided by law to incur financial obligations that will result
in outlays. Sources of budget authority included in this analysis include annual appropriations, supple-
mental appropriations, trust funds, and mandatory spending under substantive law.
ARS estimates include $17.5 million made available under the Agricultural Risk Protection Act in
2001 and $113 million under Emergency Supplemental to Respond to Terrorism in 2002, consisting
of $40 million for research and $73 million for facilities. CSREES estimates for 2002 do not include
$20.6 million appropriated in Emergency Supplemental to Office of the Secretary and transferred to
CSREES.
a Estimates for CSREES earmarks are based on total appropriations for special research grants (includ-
ing improved pest control) and federal administration, excluding amounts provided for CSREES
administrative costs.
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202
TABLE F-lOb Congressional Earmarks for ARS Research and CSREES
Research, Education, and Extension, Constant 2000 Dollars
APPENDIX F
Budget Authority, millions of constant 2000 dollars
CSREESa
Year ARS Research Extension Total
1993 0 104 8 112
1994 10 99 7 116
1995 11 85 8 104
1996 7 82 8 97
1997 6 78 8 92
1998 16 82 6 104
1999 21 90 7 118
2000 22 86 7 116
2001 32 110 12 154
2002 51 122 11 184
Note: Constant dollar estimates based on deflators for research expenditures (see Table F-ll).
Budget authority means authority provided by law to incur financial obligations that will result in
outlays. Sources of budget authority included in this analysis include annual appropriations, supple-
mental appropriations, trust funds, and mandatory spending under substantive law.
ARS estimates include $17.5 million made available under the Agricultural Risk Protection Act in
2001 and $113 million under Emergency Supplemental to Respond to Terrorism in 2002, consisting
of $40 million for research and $73 million for facilities. CSREES estimates for 2002 do not include
$20.6 million appropriated in Emergency Supplemental to Office of the Secretary and transferred to
CSREES.
a Estimates for CSREES earmarks are based on total appropriations for special research grants (in-
cluding improved pest control) and federal administration, excluding amounts provided for CSREES
administrative costs.
OCR for page 203
APPENDIX F
203
TABLE Fell Price Index for Research, 2000 Constant Dollar R&D Deflators
Year Deflator
Year Deflator
Year Deflator
1970 0.219
1971 0.228
1972 0.235
1973 0.248
1974 0.269
1975 0.292
1976 0.308
1977 0.325
1978 0.349
1979 0.38
1980 0.425
1981 0.467
1982 0.497
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
0.515
0.548
0.577
0.600
0.624
0.659
0.698
0.734
0.755
1992 0.774
1993 0.792
1994 0.821
1995 0.845
1996 0.868
1997 0.897
1998 0.933
1999 0.969
2000 1
2001 1.05
2002a 1.078
2003a 1.122
Notes: Research price index reflects cost of doing research in public universities over time, holding
composition of inputs constant; 70% of weight is for faculty compensation (salary and benefits), and
30% for nonfaculty inputs. Faculty salary component is weighted average of salaries of faculty at
assistant, associate, and full professor ranks. The cost of nonfaculty inputs is approximated by im-
plicit price deflator for state and local government expenditures (of the Bureau of Economic Analy-
sis).
aThe value for this year is an estimate.
Source: Huffman (2002).
Representative terms from entire chapter:
nominal dollars
