Gulf War and Health: Volume 2. Insecticides and Solvents

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Gulf War and Health: Volume 2. Insecticides and Solvents (2003)
Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention (HPDP)
Institute of Medicine (IOM)

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. "6. Cancer and Exposure to Solvents." Gulf War and Health: Volume 2. Insecticides and Solvents. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2003.

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Gulf War and Health: Insecticides and Solvents, Volume 2

Reference	Study Population	Exposed Cases	Estimated Relative Risk (95% CI)
Benzene
Case-Control Study
Gérm et al., 1998	Male residents of Montreal, Canada
Gérm et al., 1998	Low exposure	27	1.2 (0.7–1.9)
	Medium or high exposure	12	1.3 (0.7–2.4)
Toluene
Cohort Studies—Mortality
Wiebelt and Becker, 1999	Male German rotogravure printers, employed >1 year	2	0.49 (0.06–2.34)
Walker et al., 1993	Shoe manufacturers in two plants in Ohio, potentially exposed to toluene and other solvents
	Total	9	1.36 (0.62–2.59)
	Males	6	1.71 (0.62–3.73)
	Females	3	0.97 (0.20–2.84)
Case-Control Study
Gérin et al., 1998	Male residents of Montreal, Canada
Gérin et al., 1998	Low exposure	17	0.9 (0.5–1.5)
	Medium or high exposure	8	1.0 (0.5–2.1)
Xylene
Case-Control Study
Gérin et al., 1998	Male residents of Montreal, Canada
Gérin et al., 1998	Low exposure	17	1.0 (0.6–1.7)
	Medium or high exposure	6	1.0 (0.4–2.4)
Isopropyl Alcohol
Cohort Study—Mortality
Alderson and Rattan, 1980	Male UK isopropyl manufacturers, employed >1 year	2	6.45 (0.78–23.29)^a
Unspecified Mixtures of Organic Solvents
Cohort Study—Incidence
Anttila et al., 1995	Finnish workers monitored for exposure
Anttila et al., 1995	Halogenated hydrocarbons	7	0.89 (0.36–1.82)
Cohort Studies—Mortality
Boice et al., 1999	Aircraft-manufacturing workers in California
Boice et al., 1999	Mixed solvents, routine exposure	14	0.81 (0.44–1.36)
	Years exposed
	<1	11	1.54 (0.74–3.20)
	1–4	19	1.08 (0.58–2.01)
	≥5	14	0.41 (0.20–0.82)
Steenland and Palu, 1999	US painters and other union members
Steenland and Palu, 1999	Painters	100	1.06 (0.86–1.29)
	20 years since membership	71	0.97 (0.76–1.22)
	Nonpainters	21	0.77 (0.48–1.18)
	20 years since membership	12	0.67 (0.34–1.17)
Fu et al., 1996	Shoe-manufacturing workers
	English workers:
	Probable solvent exposure	1	0.25 (0.01–1.37)
	High solvent exposure	0	—