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Gulf War and Health: Insecticides and Solvents, Volume 2
Reference
Study Population
Exposed Cases
Estimated Relative Risk (95% CI)
Schnatter et al., 1996a
Male Canadian petroleum distribution workers
By median, 75th, and 90th percentiles
0.0–0.49 ppm-years
10
1.00
0.50–7.99 ppm-years
1
0.22 (0.0–1.82)
8.0–19.99 ppm-years
1
0.42 (0.01–3.95)
20.0–219.8 ppm-years
2
0.96 (0.09–6.81)
Exposure by regulatory standards
0.00–0.45 ppm-years
10
1.00b
>0.45–4.5 ppm-years
1
0.43 (0.0–4.05)
4.5–45 ppm-years
1
0.16 (0.0–4.55)
≥45 ppm-years
2
1.47 (0.16–13.1)
Rinsky et al., 1987
Male US Pliofilm workers
Ever exposed
9
3.37 (1.54–6.41)
0.001–40 ppm-years
2
1.09 (0.12–3.94)
40–200 ppm-years
2
3.22 (0.36–11.65)
200–400 ppm-years
2
11.86 (1.33–42.85)
>400 ppm-years
3
66.37 (13.34–193.9)
Wong, 1987a,b
Male chemical manufacturing workers
Entire cohort
7
0.75 (0.30–1.54)
Continuously exposed
6
1.35 (0.49–2.95)
Cumulative exposure
<180 ppm-months
2
0.97 (0.12–3.49)
180–719 ppm-months
1
0.78 (0.20–4.34)
≥720 ppm-months
3
2.76 (0.57–8.06)
Bond et al., 1986
Male chemical workers, ever exposed
Cohort less those exposed to arsenic, asbestos, or high levels of vinyl chloride
3
1.62 (0.33–4.61)
Rushton and Alderson, 1981
Male employees in eight UK oil refineries, ever exposed
NA
2.33 (0.98–5.56)
Trichloroethylene
Cohort Study—Incidence
Hansen et al., 2001
Biologically monitored Danish workers
Males
5
1.9 (0.6–4.4)
Females
1
3.1 (0.04–18.0)
Cohort Studies—Mortality
Ritz, 1999
White male employees at a uranium-processing plant in Ohio
12
1.09 (0.56–1.91)
Boice et al., 1999
Aircraft-manufacturing workers in California, ever exposed
2
1.05 (0.54–1.84)
Blair et al., 1998
Aircraft-maintenance workers in Utah
Combined early and recent followup cohort
16
0.6 (0.3–1.2)
Men (cumulative exposure)
No exposure
9
1.0 (0.4–2.9)
<5 unit-years
7
1.0 (0.3–3.2)
5–25 unit-years
0
—
>25 unit-years
7
1.2 (0.4–3.6)
Morgan et al., 1998
Aerospace workers in Arizona, ever exposed
10
1.05 (0.50–1.93)
