Gulf War and Health: Volume 2. Insecticides and Solvents

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Gulf War and Health: Volume 2. Insecticides and Solvents (2003)
Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention (HPDP)
Institute of Medicine (IOM)

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. "6. Cancer and Exposure to Solvents." Gulf War and Health: Volume 2. Insecticides and Solvents. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2003.

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Gulf War and Health: Insecticides and Solvents, Volume 2

Reference	Study Population and Cancer Type	Exposed Cases	Estimated Relative Risk (95% CI)
Rushton and Romaniuk, 1996	Male petroleum-distribution workers in the UK—AML (myeloid and monocytic)
	<0.45 ppm-years	7	1
	0.45–4.49 ppm-years	15	2.17 (0.77–6.09)
	4.5–44.9 ppm-years	9	2.82 (0.82–9.38)
	>45 ppm-years	—	—
Yin et al., 1996a,b	Chinese factory workers, ever exposed
	Incidence of AML	23	3.1 (1.2–10.7)
	Incidence of ALL	5	2.8 (0.5–54.5)
Wong, 1995	Male Pliofilm workers in Ohio—AML (myeloid and monocytic)
	<40 ppm-years	1	1.19 (0.03–6.63)
	40–200 ppm-years	0	0 (0–14.75)
	200–400 ppm-years	2	27.21 (3.29–98.24)
	>400 ppm-years	3	98.37 (20.28–287.65)
	Total	6	5.03 (1.84–10.97)
Crump, 1994	Male Pliofilm workers in Ohio—AML (myeloid and monocytic)
	Total (two cases could not be identified as to type)	8–10	5.0–6.2
	0–45 ppm-years)	0–2	0.0–2.4
	45–400 ppm-years	1	2.0 (0.05–10.92)^b
	400–1000 ppm-years	2	9.1 (1.10–32.82)^b
	>1000 ppm-years	5	82.8 (27.00–194.50)^b
Case-Control Studies
Albin et al., 2000	Residents of Lund, Sweden—AML
	All exposure levels	39	1.5 (0.89–2.6)
	Hobby—low levels	28	1.6 (0.89–3.1)
	Moderate-high levels	11	1.3 (0.52–3.1)
Ciccone et al., 1993	Residents in the Main Hospital of Torino, Italy—AML, CML, MDS; ever exposed	10	1.7 (0.6–5.5)
Richardson et al., 1992	Residents of Paris and Créteil, France—acute leukemia; occupationally exposed
	All exposure levels	22	1.3 (0.8–2.3)
	High or medium exposure	15	2.8 (1.3–5.9)
Unspecified Mixtures of Organic Solvents
Case-Control Studies
Albin et al., 2000	Residents of Lund, Sweden—AML
	Organic solvents, all exposure levels	88	1.6 (1.1–2.4)
	Low levels (hobby use)	70	1.5 (1.0–2.3)
	1–7 years-duration	10	0.72 (0.32–1.6)
	8–14 years-duration	18	1.5 (0.73–3.1)
	15–20 years-duration	42	2.1 (1.2–3.7)
	Moderate-high levels	18	2.3 (1.0–5.0)
	Moderate for 1–20 years	9	1.6 (0.57–4.3)
	High for 1–20 years	9	3.9 (1.0–15)
	Chlorinated solvents	12	0.78 (0.36–1.7)