Appendix C
Acronyms
ALH
designation for meteorites collected in Allan Hills, Antarctica
APXS
Alpha Proton X-ray Spectrometer (on NASA Sojourner rover);
Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (on NASA Mars Exploration Rover)
ASI
Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (Italian space agency)
ASPERA
Energetic Neutral Atoms Analyzer (on ESA Mars Express spacecraft)
ATHENA
integrated science package carried by NASA Mars Exploration Rover mission
ATMIS
surface meteorology package (on European NetLander spacecraft)
CNES
Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (French space agency)
COMPLEX
Committee on Planetary and Lunar Exploration (of the Space Studies Board)
CPBCE
Committee on Planetary Biology and Chemical Evolution (of the Space Science Board)
DLR
Deutsches Zentrum für Luftund Raumfahrt (German space agency)
FMI
Finnish Meteorological Institute
GAP
gas-analysis package—Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer (on U.K. Beagle 2 spacecraft)
GRS
Gamma-Ray Spectrometer (on NASA Mars Odyssey spacecraft)
HEDS
Human Exploration and Development of Space
HRSC
High Resolution Stereo Camera (on ESA Mars Express spacecraft)
IMP
Imager for Mars Pathfinder (NASA)
IR
infrared
JPL
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
LREE
light rare-earth element
LST
local solar time
MARCI
Mars Color Imager (on NASA Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter mission)
MARIE
Mars Radiation Environment Experiment (on NASA Mars Odyssey orbiter spacecraft)
MaRS
Radio Science Experiments (on ESA Mars Express spacecraft)
MARSIS
Subsurface Sounding Radar/Altimeter (on ESA Mars Express spacecraft)
MCO
Mars Climate Orbiter (NASA mission, lost)
ME
ESA Mars Express mission
MEP
Mars Exploration Program (NASA)
MEPAG
Mars Exploration Payload Assessment Group (NASA)
MER
Mars Exploration Rover (NASA mission)
MGS
Mars Global Surveyor (NASA mission)
Mini-TES
Miniature Thermal Emission Spectrometer (on NASA Mars Exploration Rover)
MO
Mars Observer (NASA mission, lost)
MOC
Mars Orbiter Camera (on NASA Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft)
MOLA
Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (on NASA Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft)
MPL
Mars Polar Lander (NASA mission, lost)
MRO
Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (NASA mission)
MSL
Mars Science Laboratory (NASA mission)
MSR
Mars sample return
MVACS
Mars Volatiles and Climate Surveyor (integrated payload on lost Mars Polar Lander)
NASA
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NASDA
National Space Development Agency (Japan)
NRC
National Research Council
OMEGA
Infrared Mineralogical Mapping Spectrometer (on ESA Mars Express spacecraft)
PFS
Planetary Fourier Spectrometer (on ESA Mars Express spacecraft)
PI
principal investigator
PMIRR
Pressure-Modulator Infrared Radiometer (on lost NASA Mars Observer and Mars Climate Orbiter spacecraft)
PMIRR-MkII
Pressure-Modulator Infrared Radiometer (on NASA Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter mission)
SNC
subset of meteorites that derive from Mars (shergottites, nakhlites, chassignites)
SOFIA
Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (NASA/DLR airborne observatory)
SPICAM
Ultraviolet and Infrared Atmospheric Spectrometer (on ESA Mars Express spacecraft)
SSB
Space Studies Board (after 1988), Space Science Board (before 1988)
TES
Thermal Emission Spectrometer (on NASA Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft)
THEMIS
Thermal Emission Imaging System (on NASA Mars Odyssey Orbiter spacecraft)