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Assessment of Mars Science and Mission Priorities (2003)

Chapter: Appendix C: Acronyms

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2003. Assessment of Mars Science and Mission Priorities. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10715.
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Appendix C
Acronyms


ALH

designation for meteorites collected in Allan Hills, Antarctica

APXS

Alpha Proton X-ray Spectrometer (on NASA Sojourner rover);

Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (on NASA Mars Exploration Rover)

ASI

Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (Italian space agency)

ASPERA

Energetic Neutral Atoms Analyzer (on ESA Mars Express spacecraft)

ATHENA

integrated science package carried by NASA Mars Exploration Rover mission

ATMIS

surface meteorology package (on European NetLander spacecraft)


CNES

Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (French space agency)

COMPLEX

Committee on Planetary and Lunar Exploration (of the Space Studies Board)

CPBCE

Committee on Planetary Biology and Chemical Evolution (of the Space Science Board)


DLR

Deutsches Zentrum für Luftund Raumfahrt (German space agency)


FMI

Finnish Meteorological Institute


GAP

gas-analysis package—Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer (on U.K. Beagle 2 spacecraft)

GRS

Gamma-Ray Spectrometer (on NASA Mars Odyssey spacecraft)


HEDS

Human Exploration and Development of Space

HRSC

High Resolution Stereo Camera (on ESA Mars Express spacecraft)


IMP

Imager for Mars Pathfinder (NASA)

IR

infrared


JPL

Jet Propulsion Laboratory


LREE

light rare-earth element

LST

local solar time

Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2003. Assessment of Mars Science and Mission Priorities. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10715.
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MARCI

Mars Color Imager (on NASA Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter mission)

MARIE

Mars Radiation Environment Experiment (on NASA Mars Odyssey orbiter spacecraft)

MaRS

Radio Science Experiments (on ESA Mars Express spacecraft)

MARSIS

Subsurface Sounding Radar/Altimeter (on ESA Mars Express spacecraft)

MCO

Mars Climate Orbiter (NASA mission, lost)

ME

ESA Mars Express mission

MEP

Mars Exploration Program (NASA)

MEPAG

Mars Exploration Payload Assessment Group (NASA)

MER

Mars Exploration Rover (NASA mission)

MGS

Mars Global Surveyor (NASA mission)

Mini-TES

Miniature Thermal Emission Spectrometer (on NASA Mars Exploration Rover)

MO

Mars Observer (NASA mission, lost)

MOC

Mars Orbiter Camera (on NASA Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft)

MOLA

Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (on NASA Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft)

MPL

Mars Polar Lander (NASA mission, lost)

MRO

Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (NASA mission)

MSL

Mars Science Laboratory (NASA mission)

MSR

Mars sample return

MVACS

Mars Volatiles and Climate Surveyor (integrated payload on lost Mars Polar Lander)


NASA

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

NASDA

National Space Development Agency (Japan)

NRC

National Research Council


OMEGA

Infrared Mineralogical Mapping Spectrometer (on ESA Mars Express spacecraft)


PFS

Planetary Fourier Spectrometer (on ESA Mars Express spacecraft)

PI

principal investigator

PMIRR

Pressure-Modulator Infrared Radiometer (on lost NASA Mars Observer and Mars Climate Orbiter spacecraft)

PMIRR-MkII

Pressure-Modulator Infrared Radiometer (on NASA Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter mission)


SNC

subset of meteorites that derive from Mars (shergottites, nakhlites, chassignites)

SOFIA

Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (NASA/DLR airborne observatory)

SPICAM

Ultraviolet and Infrared Atmospheric Spectrometer (on ESA Mars Express spacecraft)

SSB

Space Studies Board (after 1988), Space Science Board (before 1988)


TES

Thermal Emission Spectrometer (on NASA Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft)

THEMIS

Thermal Emission Imaging System (on NASA Mars Odyssey Orbiter spacecraft)
Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2003. Assessment of Mars Science and Mission Priorities. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10715.
×
Page 131
Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Acronyms." National Research Council. 2003. Assessment of Mars Science and Mission Priorities. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10715.
×
Page 132
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Within the Office of Space Science of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) special importance is attached to exploration of the planet Mars, because it is the most like Earth of the planets in the solar system and the place where the first detection of extraterrestrial life seems most likely to be made. The failures in 1999 of two NASA missions—Mars Climate Orbiter and Mars Polar Lander—caused the space agency's program of Mars exploration to be systematically rethought, both technologically and scientifically. A new Mars Exploration Program plan (summarized in Appendix A) was announced in October 2000. The Committee on Planetary and Lunar Exploration (COMPLEX), a standing committee of the Space Studies Board of the National Research Council, was asked to examine the scientific content of this new program. This goals of this report are the following:

-Review the state of knowledge of the planet Mars, with special emphasis on findings of the most recent Mars missions and related research activities;

-Review the most important Mars research opportunities in the immediate future;

-Review scientific priorities for the exploration of Mars identified by COMPLEX (and other scientific advisory groups) and their motivation, and consider the degree to which recent discoveries suggest a reordering of priorities; and

-Assess the congruence between NASA's evolving Mars Exploration Program plan and these recommended priorities, and suggest any adjustments that might be warranted.

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