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Suggested Citation:"Committee Biographies." National Research Council. 2003. Tracking and Predicting the Atmospheric Dispersion of Hazardous Material Releases: Implications for Homeland Security. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10716.
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Suggested Citation:"Committee Biographies." National Research Council. 2003. Tracking and Predicting the Atmospheric Dispersion of Hazardous Material Releases: Implications for Homeland Security. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10716.
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Page 61
Suggested Citation:"Committee Biographies." National Research Council. 2003. Tracking and Predicting the Atmospheric Dispersion of Hazardous Material Releases: Implications for Homeland Security. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10716.
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Page 62

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Committee Biographies ROBERT J. SERAFIN (chair) is Director Emeritus of the National Center for Atmospheric Research. His technical interests are related to radar, remote sensing, and in situ sensing of the atmosphere. He has expertise in the areas of signal processing theory, Doppler radar, lidar, and passive remote sensing techniques, and in the use of such systems for applications including severe weather detection, weather forecasting, precipitation estimation, and hydrological studies. Dr. Serafin is a member of the National Academy of Engineering and a fellow of the American Meteorological Society and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. ERIC J. BARRON is Dean of the College of Earth and Mineral Sciences and Distinguished Professor of Geosciences at Pennsylvania State University. His professional experience encom- passes scientist at the National Center for Atmospheric Research, associate professor of marine geology and geophysics at the University of Miami and director of the Earth System Science Center. His specialty is paleoclimatology and paleoceanography. His research emphasizes global change, specifically numerical models of the climate system and the study of climate change throughout Earth history. Dr. Barron is a fellow of the American Geophysical Union and the American Meteorological Society. He currently serves as chair of the NRC Board on Atmo- spheric Sciences and Climate. HOWARD B. BLUESTEIN is Professor of Meteorology at the University of Oklahoma and a Noble Foundation Presidential Professor. He received his Ph.D. in meteorology from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. His research interests are the observation and physical understanding of weather phenomena on convective, mesoscale, and synoptic scales. Dr. Bluestein is a fellow of the American Meteorological Society (AMS) and the Cooperative Institute for Mesoscale Meteorological Studies. He is past chair of the National Science Foundation's Observing Facilities Advisory Panel and a past member of the AMS Board of Meteorological and Oceano- graphic Education in Universities. He is also the author of a textbook on synoptic-dynamic meteorology. He is a member of the NRC Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate. STEVEN F. CLIFFORD is a Senior Scientist at the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environ- mental Sciences and the former director of the NOAA Environmental Technology Laboratory. He received his Ph.D. in engineering science from Dartmouth College. His research goals include developing a global observing system using ground-based, airborne, and satellite remote sensing systems, and using these observations as input to global air-sea circulation models for improving forecasts of weather and climate change. He is a fellow of the Optical and Acoustical Societies of 60

COMMITTEE BIOGRAPHIES 61 America, a senior member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, and a member of the American Physical Society, the American Geophysical Union, and the American Meteoro- logical Society. He is also a member of the National Academy of Engineering and the NRC Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate. LEWIS M. DUNCAN is Dean of the Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth College. A space and plasma physics researcher for more than two decades, he specializes in high-power radiowave propagation and its applications in remote sensing and telecommunications. He has served as head of the Division of Earth and Space Sciences at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Dr. Duncan has conducted public policy research on arms control, nuclear non-proliferation, counterterrorism and emerging threats, and he recently played a key role in bringing the new Institute for Security Technology Studies to Dartmouth. MARGARET A. LEMONE is a senior scientist at the National Center for Atmospheric Research. Her scientific interests are in the structure and dynamics of the atmosphere's planetary boundary layer and its interaction with the underlying surface and clouds, and the interaction of mesoscale convection with the boundary layer and the surrounding atmosphere. Dr. LeMone is a member of the National Academy of Engineering and a fellow of the American Association for the Advance- ment of Science and the American Meteorological Society. She has served on the NRC's Panel on Improving the Effectiveness of U.S. Climate Modeling, and she currently is a member of the National Academy of Engineering's Program Development Committee and the NRC Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate. DAVID E. NEFF is a Senior Research Scientist in Civil Engineering and Co-director of the Wind Engineering and Fluids Laboratory (WEFL) at Colorado State University (CSU). He received his Ph.D. in Civil Engineering from CSU, and his dissertation focused on physical modeling of heavy plume dispersion. His research projects include the physical and numerical modeling of wind turbine wake interactions; air quality prediction of pollutant recirculation in residential and industrial ventilation systems; air quality prediction of pollutant emissions from fossil fuel and nuclear power plant complexes; and hazard assessment from the accidental release of dense gases. Dr. Neff played a key role in the development and maintenance of CSU's WEFL experimental facility. He is a member of the American Association for Wind Engineering. WILLIAM E. ODOM is a Senior Fellow and Director of National Security Studies at Hudson Institute's Washington, D.C. office. He is also an adjunct professor at Yale University. As Director of the National Security Agency from 1985 to 1988, he was responsible for the nation's signals intelligence and communications security. From 1981 to 1985, he served as Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence, the Army's senior intelligence officer. From 1977 to 1981, General Odom was Military Assistant to the President's Assistant for National Security Affairs, Zbigniew Brzezinski. As a member of the National Security Council staff, he worked on strategic planning, Soviet affairs, nuclear weapons policy, telecommunications policy, and Persian Gulf security issues. He is a graduate of the United States Military Academy and received his Ph.D. from Columbia University. GENE J. PFEFFER works as a private consultant. He recently served as Colorado Springs Director of Orbital Sciences Corporation's Office of Defense Programs, where he dealt with a wide range of activities related to satellite systems and environmental sensors. Prior to this he was a consul- tant to the Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services, and served for three decades in the

62 ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION OF HAZARDOUS MATERIAL RELEASES U.S. Air Force. His extensive military career includes serving as Vice Commander of the Air Force Weather Service and Director of Weather for the North American Aerospace Defense Command. He is a fellow of the American Meteorological Society, and he chaired their Board on Private Sector Meteorology. Mr. Pfeffer holds Masters degrees in Meteorology and in Systems Management. KARL K. TUREKIAN is Silliman Professor of Geology and Geophysics at Yale University and Director of the Yale Institute for Biospheric Studies. His research areas include atmospheric geochemistry of cosmogonic, radon daughter and man-made radionuclides, surficial and ground- water geochemistry of radionuclides marine geochemistry and the study of climate change over geologic time. Dr. Turekian is a member of the National Academy of Sciences. He has served as Editor of several major scientific journals and was on the Editorial Board of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. THOMAS J. WARNER is a Professor in the Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences at the University of Colorado, and a Scientist at the National Center for Atmospheric Research. His research interests include numerical modeling of mesoscale atmospheric phenomena and dynamics (with special emphasis on hydrologic processes), regional climate modeling, and data assimilation. A recent research emphasis has been the use of coupled atmospheric dynamic and dispersion models for estimation of the effects of domestic and international releases of hazardous material. He served on the NRC Panel on Model-Assimilated Data Sets for Atmospheric and Oceanic Research and was a speaker at a recent Congressional Forum on "National Security and the Atmo- sphere". JOHN C. WYNGAARD is a Professor of Meteorology, Mechanical Engineering, and Geoenviron- mental Engineering at Pennsylvania State University. He studies turbulence in the atmosphere through direct observations and supercomputer simulation. He is interested in new observational approaches, including ground-based remote sensing, as well as measurements from towers and aircraft, and he studies the dynamic performance of turbulence sensors. Using the large-eddy simulation technique, he is developing new representations of turbulence effects in meteorological and oceanographic models of local to global scales. Dr. Wyngaard is a member of the NRC Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate.

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For many years, communities have prepared themselves to deal with accidental atmospheric releases from industrial sites, energy facilities, and vehicles transporting hazardous materials. Today, these communities must also worry about the terrorist threat of the intentional use of chemical, biological, and nuclear (C/B/N) agents. Because of this threat, the ability to predict and track the dispersal of harmful agents has become a critical element of terrorism planning and response.

Our nation�s capacity to respond to atmospheric C/B/N events stands, like a three legged stool, on the strength of three interconnected elements: 1) dispersion models that predict the path and spread of the hazardous agent; 2) observations of the hazardous plume itself and of local meteorological conditions, which provide critical input for the models; and 3) interaction with emergency responders who use the information provided by the models.

As part of the National Academies continuing focus on issues of homeland security, Tracking and Predicting the Atmospheric Dispersion of Hazardous Material Releases examines our nation�s current capabilities in these three areas and provides recommendations for strengthening them.

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