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Weight Management: State of the Science and Opportunities for Military Programs (2003)

Chapter: Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of the Workshop Speakers

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of the Workshop Speakers." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Weight Management: State of the Science and Opportunities for Military Programs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10783.
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Page 241
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of the Workshop Speakers." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Weight Management: State of the Science and Opportunities for Military Programs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10783.
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Page 242
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of the Workshop Speakers." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Weight Management: State of the Science and Opportunities for Military Programs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10783.
×
Page 243
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of the Workshop Speakers." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Weight Management: State of the Science and Opportunities for Military Programs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10783.
×
Page 244
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of the Workshop Speakers." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Weight Management: State of the Science and Opportunities for Military Programs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10783.
×
Page 245
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of the Workshop Speakers." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Weight Management: State of the Science and Opportunities for Military Programs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10783.
×
Page 246
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of the Workshop Speakers." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Weight Management: State of the Science and Opportunities for Military Programs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10783.
×
Page 247
Suggested Citation:"Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of the Workshop Speakers." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Weight Management: State of the Science and Opportunities for Military Programs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10783.
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Page 248

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B Biographical Sketches ofthe Workshop Speakers GEORGE L. BLACKBURN serves as an associate professor of surgery and nutrition, associate director of the Division of Nutrition, and is the first incumbent of the S. Daniel Abraham Chair in Nutrition Medicine at Harvard Medical School. He is the director of the Nutrition Support Service, chief of the Nutritional/Metabolism Laboratory, director of the Center for the Study of Nutrition and Medicine, and program director for Surgical Treatment of Severe Obesity, all of which are affiliated with the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, Massachusetts. He received his M.D. from the University of Kansas and completed his internship and residency at Boston City Hospital, Harvard Medical School. He obtained his Ph.D. in nutritional biochemistry from Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dr. Blackburn has trained over 100 fellows in applied and clinical nutrition and has over 390 publications on various aspects of nutrition, medicine, and metabolism. He is on the editorial board of and reviewer for several journals and received the Grace Goldsmith Award from the American College of Nutrition and the Joseph Goldberger award in clinical nutrition from the American Medical Association. He is president of the North American Association for the Study of Obesity and immediate past president of the American Board of Nutrition. He also serves as the chair of the Scientific Advisory Committee of the C. Everett Koop Foundation Shape Up America Campaign. He remains on the Board of Advisors for the American Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition of which he served as president, he was also president of the American Society for Clinical Nutrition, and is a member of numerous other medical societies. Dr. Blackburn is a principal investigator or coprincipal investigator on several National Institutes of Health-funded grants. MAJ STEPHN V. BOWLES was the U.S. Army Recruiting Command Direc- tor of Command Psychological Operations and was located at the U.S. Army Soldier Support Institute in Columbia, South Carolina. He also serves as an as- sistant clinical professor in psychiatry and health behavior at the Medical Col- 241

242 WEIGHT MANAGEMENT lege of Georgia in Augusta. Dr. Bowles has previously held positions as director of the LIFE Wellness Program, chief of Behavioral Medicine and chief of Or- ganizational Health Psychology at Eisenhower Army Southeast Regional Medi- cal Center in Augusta. He held a staff position at Tripler Army Medical Center and was the director of the Aeromedical Psychology Course and chief of Human Factors at the U.S. Army School of Aviation Medicine. He has an M.S.W. from Washington University in St. Louis and a Ph.D. in clinical psychology from the California School of Professional Psychology at Berkeley. He completed his internship at William Beaumont Army Medical Center in E1 Paso, Texas and his health psychology fellowship at Tripler Army Medical Center in Honolulu, Ha- waii. His current research interests are in ASD and PTSD, aviation psychology, fitness/weight reduction, pregnancy loss, and recruiting and selection. ANTHONY G. COMUZZIE is an associate scientist for the Southwest Foun- dation for Biomedical Research in San Antonio, Texas. The focus of his re- search is the genetic and environmental components of obesity. Dr. Comuzzie received his B.S. in biology and M.A. in biological anthropology from Texas A&M University in College Station. He received his Ph.D. in population genet- ics Tom The University of Kansas in Lawrence. NIKHIL V. DHURANDHAR is currently an assistant professor and William Hardy Chair of Obesity Research in the Department of Nutrition and Food Sci- ence, Wayne State University, Detroit. Before moving to Wayne State, Dr. Dhurandhar was an assistant scientist and associate director of the Beers- Murphy Clinical Nutrition Center in the Clinical Nutrition Section of the De- partment of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine. He received his M.S. in nutrition from North Dakota State University and his Ph.D. from the University of Bombay, India. Dr. Dhurandhar was also a medical practitioner in India, where he treated about 8,000 cases of obesity over an 8-year period. His research interests focus on the use of pharmacological aids in the treatment of obesity and, more recently, on virus-induced obesity. GARY D. FOSTER is an assistant professor of psychology and clinical director of the Weight and Eating Disorders Program at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. He received his B.S. from Duquesne University, his M.S. from the University of Pennsylvania, and his Ph.D. in clinical psychology from Temple University. He has published over 50 scientific studies, reviews, and book chapters on the causes and treatments of obesity. He also has considerable experience in the clinical aspects of obesity management, having treated obese patients in individual and group settings over the last 15 years. FRANK GREENWAY is medical director and a professor at the Pennington Biomedical Research Center, a research campus of Louisiana State University.

APPENDIX B 243 He graduated Tom Stanford University and obtained an M.D. from the Univer- sity of California at Los Angeles. He did his internship and residency in internal medicine and fellowship in endocrinology and metabolism at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center. Dr. Greenway practiced internal medicine, endocrinology and metabolism in Marina del Rey, California, from 1975 to 1995. During those years, he taught on the clinical faculty of UCLA and did obesity research, pri- marily through clinical trials of pharmacological agents. He moved to the Pen- nington Biomedical Research Center in 1995, where he has continued to do clinical research on the pharmacological treatment of obesity and its related dis- eases: diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. JOHN M. JAKICIC is currently an assistant professor at Brown University School of Medicine, with primary responsibilities in the Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center. Prior to his current position, Dr. Jakicic was an assis- tant professor at the University of Kansas and the University of Pittsburgh. While at the University of Pittsburgh, Dr. Jakicic was the scientific administra- tor of the Obesity/Nutrition Research Center. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Pittsburgh. Dr. Jakicic's primary research area is behavioral ap- proaches for enhancing long-term weight loss. Currently, Dr. Jakicic is the prin- cipal investigator for three grants from the National Institutes of Health that fo- cus on long-term weight loss and exercise adoption in overweight adults. He has published extensively in this area. ANNE LOUCKS received her Ph.D. in physiology from the University of Cali- fornia at Santa Barbara. She did post-doctoral training and research in reproduc- tive endocrinology at the University of California at San Diego School of Medi- cine. She is currently a professor and interim chair in the Department of Biological Sciences at Ohio University. Dr. Loucks' research in San Diego fo- cused on characterizing the neuroendocrine profile of cyclic and amenorrheic athletes. At Ohio University, she has conducted short-term, prospective experi- ments to distinguish the independent effects of energy availability and exercise stress on LH pulsatility and metabolic substrates and hormones. Her current research is funded by the U.S. Army's Defense Women's Health Research Pro- gram. Dr. Loucks is a coauthor of the position stand of the American College of Sports Medicine on the Female Athlete Triad and a frequent participator in na- tional and international meetings on the menstrual cycle. PATRICK MAHLEN O'NEIL is a professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at the Medical University of South Carolina, where he is director of the Weight Management Center. He received his B.S. in economics from Louisiana State University and his M.S. and Ph.D. in clinical psychology from the Univer- sity of Georgia. Dr. O'Neil has been professionally involved in obesity since 1977 in numerous clinical, teaching, research, and public education roles. He

244 WEIGHT DIANA GEMENT directs a long-standing, multidisciplinary weight-management center that offers services for people of all degrees overweight. His teaching activities include supervision of psychology interns on clinical rotations in the Center, lectures to medical and other student groups, and invited continuing education lectures to physician and other practitioner audiences. He is or has been principal investiga- tor for a number of externally funded clinical trials of weight-loss agents and is the author of more than 100 professional publications, chapters, and presenta- tions, primarily concerning psychological, behavioral, and other clinical aspects of obesity and its management. From 1987 to 1996, he authored Weighing the Choices, a weekly column on weight control in the Charleston, SC, Sunday Post and Courier. Dr. O'Neil has served on the Education Committee of the North American Association for the Study of Obesity (NAASO) since 1994 and is a member of the NAASO Ad Hoc Committee for Development of the Practical Guidelines. He is also immediate past president of the South Carolina Academy of Professional Psychologists, former member and chair of the South Carolina Board of Examiners in Psychology, and former chair of the Obesity and Eating Disorders Special Interest Group of the Association for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy. LT COL LEON PAPPA was head, Training Programs Branch, Training and Education Division, Marine Corps Combat Development Command, Quantico, Virginia. An infantry officer commissioned in December 1979, he has held nu- merous operational assignments, both in CONUS and overseas. He reported to his current assignment in August 1995 from HQ Marine Forces Europe, Stutt- gart, Germany. As head of training programs, he has oversight of a myriad of training-related programs, ranging from aviation training pipeline, recruit train- ing, special operations, U.S. Navy field medical and religious programs, close combat, combat water survival training, physical fitness/weight control, and the Marine Corps ROTC program. Key assignments for Lt Cot Pappa have included tours in the United Kingdom, Germany, recruit depot, Parris Island, Officer Candidate School, and operational tours with the 2nd battalion 8th Marines and 3rd battalion 3rd Marines, deploying to the Mediterranean, Lebanon, Okinawa, Thailand, and Southwest Asia. LT COL JOANNE M. SPAHN was the Health Promotion Flight Commander at Elmendorf AFB, Alaska. She attended the College of St. Elizabeth in Morristown, New Jersey, where she received a B.S. in foods and nutrition. She was selected for the Air Force Dietetic Internship Program in 1982 and started her Air Force career at Malcolm Grow Medical Center, Andrews Air Force Base, Maryland. She served as chiefof Medical Food Service at Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, from July 1983 to February 1986. During this time she also completed Squadron Officer's School and earned a M.S. in consumer studies from Oklahoma State University. In 1986 she transferred to Davis Monthan AFB, Arizona, as chief, Nutritional Medicine Service. In 1991 she

APPENDIXB 245 started on an Air Force Institute of Technology assignment at the University of Ari- zona where she received a M.S. in human nutrition and was transferred back to An- drews AFB as chief, Clinical Dietetics, 89th Medical Group. In 1994, she became director of the USAF Dietetic Internship program and served in that capacity until July 1996. Lt Cot Spahn completed Air Command and Staff College in 1996 and served as Nutritional Medicine Flight Commander at He 3rd Medical Group, Elmen- dorf AFB, Alaska, from 1996 to 1999. She has served as consultant dietitian, Pacific Air Forces, since 1996. MARCIA STEFANICK received her B.S. in biology from the University of Pennsylvania in 1974 and her Ph.D. in physiology from Stanford University in 1982, focusing on reproductive physiology and neuroendocrinology. Subse- quently, she did fellowship training in cardiovascular disease prevention at the Stanford Center for Research in Disease Prevention. In 1997, Dr. Stefanick was appointed an associate professor of medicine (with a courtesy appointment in gynecology and obstetrics) at Stanford University School of Medicine. Dr. Stefanick's research interests focus on the role of diet, exercise, and weight control in chronic disease prevention for both men and women, and in hormone replacement interventions for overall health issues of postmenopausal women. Dr. Stefanick is principal investigator of the Women's Health Initiative, which has a diet study focused on prevention of both breast and colon cancer and heart disease, a hormone study focused on cardiovascular disease prevention, and a calcium trial directed toward osteoporosis and prevention of hip and other bone fractures. Dr. Stefanick is also principal investigator of the Women's Healthy Eating and Living Trial, a diet study of women previously diagnosed with breast cancer. In addition, she is the research director of the Lipoprotein and Biochem- istry Laboratory of the Stanford Center for Research in Disease Prevention. JUNE STEVENS is an associate professor in the Departments of Nutrition and Epi- demiology at the University of Now Carolina-Chapel Hill. A graduate of the human nutrition program at Cornell University, her research career had its beginning in bench top studies of adipocytes from genetically obese rats. Her dissertation research was a clinical study of the effect of dietary fiber on food intake, gastrointestinal tran- sit, and vitamin absorption in women. She pursued post-doctoral training in epidemi- ology and has since focused her career on population-based studies of obesity. Her current research examines the causes, consequences, and prevention of obesity with a focus on obesity-prone minority populations. She is principal investigator of the coor- dinating center for the Pathways study, a multicenter trial designed to develop and test a school-based intervention to prevent obesity in American Indian children. She also investigates the effects of obesity and fat patterning on chronic disease and mortality in ADican Americans. She has received attention from the popular press for her stud- ies on the impact of age on the relationship between body weight and mortality. Dr. Stevens is an expert in epidemiological studies of obesity.

246 WEIGHT MANAGEMENT LOUIS F. TOMASI is a research physiologist for the U. S. Anny Physical Fit- ness School (APES). His primary responsibilities include independent research, writing army physical fitness doctrine, and teaching human performance and health-related classes for the master fitness trainer and exercise leader courses. Other fitness related projects associated with Dr. Tomasi are the civilian fitness program, physical training for pregnant soldiers, physical training for the retired officer association, and various local fitness agencies including the YMCA, American Heart Association, United States Swimming Association, regional swim teams, and many other fitness-related programs. His last project involved designing, administering, and analyzing the current army physical fitness test update study. Recently, he completed the fitness training unit exit and entrance requirement study for initial entry training. Dr. Tomasi's current project in- volves reviewing the hand position on the sit-up event on the APFT and devel- oping standards for the alternate aerobic event. He is the liaison between the APES and the American College of Sports Medicine and DSCPER process ac- tion team for fitness and health. In March 1992, Dr. Tomasi earned the Fort Benjamin Harrison Instructor of the Year and was nominated for TRADOC in- structor of the year. Prior to his tenure at USAPFS, Dr. Tomasi served 13 years at the U. S. Military Academy, West Point, as an associate professor and head athletic trainer in the department of physical education. There, he was involved in community projects throughout the Hudson Valley. His earned degrees in- clude a B.S. in physical education and biology from the University of Vermont; an M.S. from East Stroudsburg University, Pennsylvania, and a Ph.D. in educa- tion in biomechanics and physiology from New York University. Dr. Tomasi is a member of the American College of Sports Medicine, the National Athletic Trainers' Association, and other professional organizations. CAPT TRISHA VORACHEK was a graduate student in the University of Minne- sota School of Public Health. She will receive her degree this December and move to Maxwell AFB, Montgomery, Alabama, to be the Base Health Promotion Manager. Her previous assignment was at McConnel AFB, Wichita, Kansas, where she was one of four Air Force dietitians to conduct the Air Force Surgeon General's Super- Clinic Dietitian Study. The purpose of the study was to demonstrate the cost- effectiveness and need for dietitians in smaller Air Force communities, where tradi- tionally, dietitians were not assigned. The study at McConnell AFB was highly suc- cessful, and currently a dietitian continues to be assigned there. McConnell AFB is where the Lifestyles, Exercise, Attitudes, and Nutrition (LEAN) program was devel- oped. LT DEBORAH WHITE was a research physiologist for the U.S. Navy, work- ing in the Department of Operational Medicine, Naval Submarine Medical Re- search Laboratory, Groton, Connecticut. She received a B.S. from California

APPENDIX B 247 Polytechnic State University at San Luis Obispo (1988), California, and a Ph.D. in cardiovascular physiology Tom Colorado State University at Ft. Collins (1994~. Her publications include papers on cardiovascular responses to central hypovolemia and lower body negative pressure, with emphasis on the effects of gender and fitness level on these responses. Before entering the Navy, LT White worked for a manufacturing company in the United Kingdom, working on the design, development, and testing of safety and survival equipment for fighter pilots and other military applications. Currently, she works as a program coordi- nator, overseeing the design, development, and testing of safety and survival equipment for submariners. LT White successfully completed Basic Enlisted Submarine School in October 1997 and is an active member of the Naval Sub- marine League and the Aerospace Medical Association.

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The primary purpose of fitness and body composition standards in the U.S. Armed Forces has always been to select individuals best suited to the physical demands of military service, based on the assumption that proper body weight and composition supports good health, physical fitness, and appropriate military appearance.

The current epidemic of overweight and obesity in the United States affects the military services. The pool of available recruits is reduced because of failure to meet body composition standards for entry into the services and a high percentage of individuals exceeding military weight-for-height standards at the time of entry into the service leave the military before completing their term of enlistment.

To aid in developing strategies for prevention and remediation of overweight in military personnel, the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command requested the Committee on Military Nutrition Research to review the scientific evidence for: factors that influence body weight, optimal components of a weight loss and weight maintenance program, and the role of gender, age, and ethnicity in weight management.

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