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Weight Management: State of the Science and Opportunities for Military Programs (2003)

Chapter: Appendix C: Biographical Sketches of the Subcommittee on Military Weight Management

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Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Biographical Sketches of the Subcommittee on Military Weight Management." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Weight Management: State of the Science and Opportunities for Military Programs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10783.
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Page 249
Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Biographical Sketches of the Subcommittee on Military Weight Management." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Weight Management: State of the Science and Opportunities for Military Programs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10783.
×
Page 250
Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Biographical Sketches of the Subcommittee on Military Weight Management." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Weight Management: State of the Science and Opportunities for Military Programs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10783.
×
Page 251
Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Biographical Sketches of the Subcommittee on Military Weight Management." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Weight Management: State of the Science and Opportunities for Military Programs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10783.
×
Page 252
Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Biographical Sketches of the Subcommittee on Military Weight Management." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Weight Management: State of the Science and Opportunities for Military Programs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10783.
×
Page 253
Suggested Citation:"Appendix C: Biographical Sketches of the Subcommittee on Military Weight Management." Institute of Medicine. 2003. Weight Management: State of the Science and Opportunities for Military Programs. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10783.
×
Page 254

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CBiographical Sketches ofthe Subcommittee on Military Weight Management RICHARD ATKINSON (Chair) is director of the Obesity Institute of the MedStar Research Institute in Washington, D.C. Formerly, he was professor of medicine and nutritional sciences and director of the Beers-Murphy Clinical Nutrition Center at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Previously he was a professor of internal medicine and chief, Division of Clinical Nutrition at the Eastern Virginia Medical School, and chief of staff for research and develop- ment, and chief, Medical Research Service at the VA Medical Center in Hamp- ton, Virginia. Dr. Atkinson also served in the military as division surgeon for the 101st Airborne Division, and chief of the Department of Medicine at the U.S. Army Hospital, Fort Campbell, Kentucky following a 2-year tour as endocrine fellow at the Walter Reed Army Hospital. Dr. Atkinson's research has focused on a variety of interventions (surgical, behavioral, and pharmacological) for the treatment and prevention of obesity. He is a former member of the Committee on Military Nutrition Research. JOHN E. VANDERVEEN (Vice-Chair) is a former director of the Food and Dru, Administration's (FDA) Office of Plant and Dairy Foods and Beverages in Washington, D.C. His previous position at FDA was director of the Division of Nutrition at the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. He also served in various capacities at the U.S. Air Force (USAF) School of Aerospace Medicine at Brooks Air Force Base, Texas. He has received accolades for service from FDA and USAF. Dr. Vanderveen is a member of the American Society for Clinical Nutrition, American Institute of Nutrition, Aerospace Medical Associa- tion, American Dairy Science Association, Institute of Food Technologists, and American Chemical Society. In the past, he was the treasurer of the American Society of Clinical Nutrition and a member of the Institute of Food Technology, National Academy of Sciences Advisory Committee. Dr. Vanderveen holds a B.S. in agriculture from Rutgers University in New Jersey and a Ph.D. in chem- istry from the University of New Hampshire. 249

250 WEIGHT MANAGEMENT WILLIAM DIETZ is the director of the Division of Nutrition and Physical Activity in the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Pro- motion at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Prior to his appointment at CDC, he was a professor of pediatrics at the Tufts University School of Medicine and director of clinical nutrition at the Floating Hospital of New England Medical Center Hospitals. He received his B.A. from Wesleyan University in 1966 and his M.D. from the University of Pennsylvania in 1970. Following an internship at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, he spent 3 years in the Middle America Research Unit of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases in Panama studying insect-borne viruses. After the comple- tion of his residency at Upstate Medical Center, he received a Ph.D. in nutri- tional biochemistry Tom Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Dr. Dietz was a principal research scientist at the MIT/Harvard Division of Health Science and Technology, associate director of the Clinical Research Center at MIT, and director of the Boston Obesity/Nutrition Research Center. He served on the counsel of the American Society for Clinical Nutrition and is a past presi- dent of the North American Association for the Study of Obesity. In 1995, he received the John Stalker Award from the American School Food Service Asso- ciation for his efforts to improve school lunches. Dr. Dietz served on the 1995 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee and is a past member of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Task Force on Obesity and president-elect of the American Society for Clinical Nutrition. In 1998, Dr. Dietz was elected to the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies. In 2000, he received the William G. Anderson Award from the American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance. In 2002, he received the Holroyd-Sherry award for his outstanding contributions to the field of children, adolescents, and the media. JOHN D. FERNSTROM is a professor of psychiatry, pharmacology, and neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and research director of the UPMC Health System Weight Management Center. He received his B.S. in biology and his Ph.D. in nutritional biochemistry from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He was a postdoctoral fellow in neuroendocrinology at the Roche Institute for Molecular Biology in Nutley, New Jersey. Before coming to the University of Pittsburgh, Dr. Fernstrom was an assistant and then associate professor in the Department of Nutrition and Food Science at MIT. He served on numerous governmental advisory committees and is a member of several professional societies, including the American Society for Nutritional Sciences, the American Society for Clinical Nutrition, The North American Society for the Study of Obesity, the American Physiological Society, the American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, the American Society for Neurochemistry, the Society for Neuroscience, and the Endocrine Society. Among other awards, Dr.

APPENDIX C 251 Fernstrom received the Mead-Johnson Award of the American Society for Nutritional Sciences, a Research Scientist Award from the National Institute of Mental Health, a Wellcome Visiting Professorship in the Basic Medical Sciences, and an Alfred P. Sloan Fellowship in Neurochemistry. His current research interests include the influence of the diet and drugs (particularly appetite suppressants) on neurotransmitters in the central and peripheral nervous systems. ARTHUR FRANK, an internist, is the medical director of the George Washington University Weight Management Program in Washington, D.C. He received his B.S. in chemistry from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, his M.S. in biochemistry from the University of Pennsylvania, and his M.D. from New York University. His residency was completed at the Stanford Medical Center. He was a U.S. Public Health Service post-doctoral fellow in endocrinology and metabolism at Stanford and a post-doctoral fellow at the National Heart Institute. Subsequently, he directed the food and nutrition programs at the Office of Economic Opportunity and served as an adviser to the Assistant Secretary for Health at the Department of Health and Human Services. He has been responsible for the provision and management of medical care of overweight and obese patients since 1977. He has been the principle investigator in a number of clinical research trials involving the pharmacotherapy of obesity. His research interests also involve the development of systems for the organization and evaluation of weight-management services (he was on the National Academies committee that wrote the book Weighing the Options) and the evaluation and measurement of the maintenance of weight loss. Dr. Frank has been the chairman of the Clinical Committee of the North American Association for the Study of Obesity (NAASO). In this position he was responsible for facilitating NAASO's increasing involvement in the scientific aspects of clinical activities. He has been a member of the Board of Directors and treasurer of the American Obesity Association since its inception and has actively participated in litigation related to the protection of the rights of obese patients who were subjected to discrimination. BARBARA C. HANSEN is the director of the Obesity and Diabetes Research Center at the University of Maryland School of Medicine and a professor of physiology. She received her B.S. and M.S. from the University of California, Los Angeles. She completed a Ph.D. in physiology and psychology at the Uni- versity of Washington, Seattle. Dr. Hansen is a past president of the North American Association for the Study of Obesity and served as the first president of the International Association for the Study of Obesity for four years. She was president of the American Society for Clinical Nutrition from 1995 to 1996. She is a member of the Institute of Medicine and has served on its program commit- tee and in other consulting roles. Dr. Hansen has also served as a member of

252 WEIGHT MANAGEMENT several organizations, including the Advisory Committee to the Director of the National Institutes of Health, the U.S.-Japan Nutrition and Metabolism Panel, and the Armed Forces Epidemiological Board of the Department of Defense. She has published extensively in biomedical journals and lectures widely in the field of obesity and diabetes. Dr. Hansen is an associate editor of the Journal of Obesity Research and coeditor of Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews and has served as associate editor/editorial board roles for Diabetes Care, Inter- national Journal of Obesity, International Journal of Primatology, and Journal of Parental and Enteral Nutrition. Dr. Hansen's laboratory is involved in the study and evaluation of new compounds for the treatment of diabetes, obesity, and dyslipidemia. STEVEN B. HEYMSFIELD is a professor of medicine at Columbia Univer- sity, College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York. He also serves as deputy director of the New York Obesity Research Center and is director of the Human Body Composition Laboratory. Dr. Heymsfield is immediate past president of the American Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition and is an active mem- ber of the American Society of Clinical Nutrition and the North American Soci- ety for the Study of Obesity. He was recently made an honorary member of the American Dietetic Association. He received his B.A. in chemistry Dom Hunter College of the City University of New York and his M.D. from Mt. Sinai School of Medicine. Dr. Heymsf~eld has done extensive research and has clinical ex- perience in the areas of body composition, weight cycling, nutrition, and obe- sity, especially as they relate to women. ROBIN B. KANAREK is dean of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences and professor of psychology and nutrition at Tubes University in Medford, Massachusetts. Her prior experience includes research fellow, Division of Endocrinology, University of California, Los Angeles School of Medicine and research fellow in nutrition at Harvard University. In addition to reviewing for several journals, including Science, Brain Research Bulletin, Journal of Nutrition, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, and Annals of Internal Medicine, she is a member of the editorial boards of Physiology and Behavior and the Tufts Diet and Nutrition Newsletter and is a past editor-in-chief of Nutrition and Behavior. Dr. Kanarek has served on ad hoc review committees for the National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health, and U.S. Department of Agriculture nutrition research, as well as the Member Program Committee of the Eastern Psychological Association. She is a fellow of the American College of Nutrition, and her other professional memberships include the American Society for Nutritional Sciences, New York Academy of Sciences, Society for the Study of Ingestive Behavior, and Society for Neurosciences. Dr. Kanarek received a B.A. in biology from Antioch College in Yellow Springs,

APPENDIX C 253 Ohio, and an M.S. and a Ph.D. in psychology from Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey. BARBARA J. MOORE is president and chief executive officer of Shape Up America!, a national initiative to promote healthy weight and increased physical activity in the United States. Committed to providing achievable science-based messages, Shape Up America! was founded by C. Everett Koop in 1994. Dr. Moore joined in June 1995 and serves as key liaison with the scientific, profes- sional, and corporate communities. Dr. Moore earned a B.S. Dom Skidmore College and an M.S. and Ph.D. in nutrition from Columbia University. She has several years of postdoctoral training at the University of California at Davis. Dr. Moore was appointed a Henry Rutgers Fellow at Rutgers University, where she held a tenure track position in the Department of Nutritional Sciences. After leaving academia, Dr. Moore served as general manager of program develop- ment and primary technical policy advisor for Weight Watchers International. Dr. Moore joined the Executive Office of the President in 1993 as acting assis- tant for social and behavioral science in the Office of Science and Technology Policy. She was involved in the process of policy formation and budgetary sup- port of fundamental scientific research policy. Prior to joining Shape Up Amer- ica!, Dr. Moore worked at the National Institutes of Health, Division of Nutri- tion Research Coordination, where she was responsible for providing guidance on nutrition policy and dietary guidance materials promulgated by the federal government. In this position, Dr. Moore focused on the development of the 1994 Progress Report to the Assistant Secretary of Health on the nutrition objectives of Healthy People 2000. She maintains active membership in the American So- ciety for Nutritional Sciences, American Society for Clinical Nutrition, North American Association for the Study of Obesity, Society for the Study of Inges- tive Behavior, and Sigma Xi. MARY I. POOS (FNB Staff; Study Director) is project director for the Commit- tee on Military Nutrition Research. She joined the Food and Nutrition Board (FNB) of the Institute of Medicine in November 1997. She has been a project director for the National Academies since 1990. Prior to officially joining the FNB staff, she served as a project director for the National Research Council's Board on Agriculture for more than seven years, two of which were spent on loan to FNB. Her work with FNB includes senior staff officer for the IOM re- port The Program of Research for Military Nursing and study director for the reports A Review of the Department of Defense's Program for Breast Cancer Research and Vitamin CFortifcation of Food Aid Commodities. Currently, she also serves as study director to the Subcommittee on Interpretation and Uses of Dietary Reference Intakes. While working with the Board on Agriculture, Dr. Poos was responsible for the Committee on Animal Nutrition and directed the production of seven reports in the Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals

254 WEIGHT MANAGEMENT series, including a letter report to the commissioner of the Food and Drug Ad- ministration concerning the importance of selenium in animal nutrition. Prior to joining the National Academies, she was consultant/owner of Nutrition Consult- ing Services of Greenfield, Massachusetts; assistant professor in the Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst; and adjunct assistant professor in the Department of Animal Sciences, Univer- sity of Vermont. She received her B.S. in biology from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and a Ph.D. in animal sciences (nutrition/bio- chemistry) from the University of Kentucky. She completed a postdoctoral fel- lowship in the Department of Animal Sciences Area of Excellence Program at the University of Nebraska.

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The primary purpose of fitness and body composition standards in the U.S. Armed Forces has always been to select individuals best suited to the physical demands of military service, based on the assumption that proper body weight and composition supports good health, physical fitness, and appropriate military appearance.

The current epidemic of overweight and obesity in the United States affects the military services. The pool of available recruits is reduced because of failure to meet body composition standards for entry into the services and a high percentage of individuals exceeding military weight-for-height standards at the time of entry into the service leave the military before completing their term of enlistment.

To aid in developing strategies for prevention and remediation of overweight in military personnel, the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command requested the Committee on Military Nutrition Research to review the scientific evidence for: factors that influence body weight, optimal components of a weight loss and weight maintenance program, and the role of gender, age, and ethnicity in weight management.

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