Appendix D
Acronyms and Initialisms
ABA
American Bar Association
BP
British Petroleum
CAS
Chemical Abstracts Service
CGIAR
Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research
CODATA
Committee on Data for Science and Technology
CP
Challenge Program
CSS
content scrambling system
DMCA
Digital Millennium Copyright Act
DOE
Department of Energy
DRM
digital rights management
ELSI
Ethical, Legal and Social Implications
EOSAT
Earth Observation Satellite (Company)
EST
expressed sequence tag
E.U.
European Union
GCC
GNU C compiler
GUI
graphical user interface
GNU
a recursive name for GNU not Unix; refers to Stallman’s free software movement
GPL
general public license
HGS
Human Genome Sciences
HP
Hewlett Packard
HR
House Resolution
IEEE
Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers
IOM
Institute of Medicine
IP
intellectual property
IPR
intellectual property rights
IT
information technology
LASL
Los Alamos Sequence Library
MDI
Mutations Database Initiative
MIT
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
MTA
Material Transfer Agreement
NAS
National Academy of Sciences
NASA
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NCDC
National Climate Data Center
NCLS
National Conference of Lawyers and Scientists
NIH
National Institutes of Health
NOAA
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
NRC
National Research Council
NSF
National Science Foundation
OBER
Office of Biological and Environmental Research (DOE)
OMB
Office of Management and Budget
PTO
Patent and Trademark Office
R&D
research and development
RIAA
Recording Industry Association of America
SNP
single nucleotide polymorphism
S&T
Scientific and Technical
STI
scientific and technical data and information
TAC
Technical Advisory Committee
UCITA
Uniform Computer Information Transactions Act