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Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Acronyms." Institute of Medicine. 2004. Immunization Safety Review: Influenza Vaccines and Neurological Complications. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10822.
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Page 175
Suggested Citation:"Appendix D: Acronyms." Institute of Medicine. 2004. Immunization Safety Review: Influenza Vaccines and Neurological Complications. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: 10.17226/10822.
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Page 176

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Appendix D Acronyms AAN - American Academy of Neurologists ACCV - Advisory Commission on Childhood Vaccines ACIP - Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices ADEM - acute disseminated encephalomyelitis AIDP - acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy AMAN - acute motor axonal neuropathy AMSAN - acute motor sensory axonal neuropathy CDC - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CI - confidence interval CNS - central nervous system CSF - cerebral spinal fluid DNA - deoxyribonucleic acid EAE - experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis EAN - experimental allergic neuritis EN - experimental neuritis EMG - electromyography EPA - Environmental Protection Agency FDA - Food and Drug Administration GBS - Guillain-Barre syndrome 175

176 HA - hemagglutinin HIV - human immunodeficiency virus HMO - health maintenance organization IMMUNIZATION SAFETY REVIEW IAVG - Interagency Vaccine Group ICD - 9 - International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision IOM - Institute of Medicine IM - intramuscular IVIG - intravenous immunoglobulin LOS - lipooligosaccharide LPS - lipopolysaccharide M - matrix proteins MFS - Miller Fisher syndrome/ Fisher syndrome MRI - magnetic resonance imaging MS - multiple sclerosis NA - neuraminidase NCHS - National Center for Health Statistics NP - nucleoprotein NIH - National Institutes of Health NVAC - National Vaccine Advisory Committee NVPO - National Vaccine Program Office OS - oligosaccharide PNS - peripheral nervous system RNA - ribonucleic acid RRMS - relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis TMEV - Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus USDA - United States Department of Agriculture VAERS - Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System VICP - Vaccine Injury Compensation Program WHO - World Health Organization

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Infection with the influenza virus can have a serious effect on the health of people of all ages, although it is particularly worrisome for infants, the elderly, and people with underlying heart or lung problems. A vaccine exists (the “flu” shot) that can greatly decrease the impact of influenza. Because the strains of virus that are expected to cause serious illness and death are slightly different every year, the vaccine is also slightly different every year and it must be given every year, unlike other vaccines.

The Immunization Safety Review committee reviewed the data on influenza vaccine and neurological conditions and concluded that the evidence favored rejection of a causal relationship between influenza vaccines and exacerbation of multiple sclerosis. For the other neurological conditions studied, the committee concluded the evidence about the effects of influenza vaccine is inadequate to accept or reject a causal relationship. The committee also reviewed theories on how the influenza vaccine could damage the nervous system. The evidence was at most weak that the vaccine could act in humans in ways that could lead to these neurological problems.

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